Decoding Urinary Tract Infection Trends: A 5-Year Snapshot from Central Portugal
Introduction: This study analyzes urinary tract infections (UTIs) in a hospital in Central Portugal over a five-year period, focusing on bacterial prevalence, patient demographics, and antibiotic resistance patterns. This investigation aims to provide insights that can guide improved infection contr...
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MDPI AG
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Clinics and Practice |
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| author | Francisco Rodrigues Patrícia Coelho Sónia Mateus Armando Caseiro Hatem Eideh Teresa Gonçalves Miguel Castelo Branco |
| author_facet | Francisco Rodrigues Patrícia Coelho Sónia Mateus Armando Caseiro Hatem Eideh Teresa Gonçalves Miguel Castelo Branco |
| author_sort | Francisco Rodrigues |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Introduction: This study analyzes urinary tract infections (UTIs) in a hospital in Central Portugal over a five-year period, focusing on bacterial prevalence, patient demographics, and antibiotic resistance patterns. This investigation aims to provide insights that can guide improved infection control and treatment strategies. Methods: A total of 6161 positive urine cultures collected over five years were examined, with particular emphasis on 2019 due to a peak in infection rates. The analysis explored bacterial prevalence, demographic factors such as sex and clinical service origin, and antibiotic resistance. Special attention was given to hospitalized patients, especially those undergoing invasive procedures, due to their increased vulnerability to infection. Results: This study found that UTIs were more prevalent in female patients, reflecting anatomical susceptibilities. Hospitalized individuals, particularly those requiring invasive procedures, were at greater risk. The predominant bacteria were <i>Escherichia coli</i>, <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i>, and <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i>, with differences in prevalence by patient sex and service origin. Resistance to Imipenem in <i>E. coli</i> increased, raising concerns about last-resort treatments. However, resistance to other antibiotics declined, suggesting improvements due to recent stewardship measures. During the COVID-19 pandemic, overall antibiotic consumption decreased due to changes in clinical practices. Conclusion: The findings highlight the importance of strict infection control, targeted prevention measures, and rational antibiotic use to combat resistance. Ongoing surveillance and personalized treatment approaches are essential to improve UTI management and outcomes. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-3d438dc7b23440f9a36f7e915c4d10ed |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2039-7283 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Clinics and Practice |
| spelling | doaj-art-3d438dc7b23440f9a36f7e915c4d10ed2025-01-24T13:27:42ZengMDPI AGClinics and Practice2039-72832025-01-011511410.3390/clinpract15010014Decoding Urinary Tract Infection Trends: A 5-Year Snapshot from Central PortugalFrancisco Rodrigues0Patrícia Coelho1Sónia Mateus2Armando Caseiro3Hatem Eideh4Teresa Gonçalves5Miguel Castelo Branco6Polytechnic Institute of Castelo Branco, Dr. Lopes Dias Higher Health School, 6000-084 Castelo Branco, PortugalPolytechnic Institute of Castelo Branco, Dr. Lopes Dias Higher Health School, 6000-084 Castelo Branco, PortugalPolytechnic Institute of Castelo Branco, Dr. Lopes Dias Higher Health School, 6000-084 Castelo Branco, PortugalCoimbra Health School, Polytechnic University of Coimbra, 3045-093 Coimbra, PortugalDepartment of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Al-Quds University, Abu Dis P144, PalestineFMUC—Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, PortugalFaculty of Health Sciences, University of Beira Interior, 6201-001 Covilha, PortugalIntroduction: This study analyzes urinary tract infections (UTIs) in a hospital in Central Portugal over a five-year period, focusing on bacterial prevalence, patient demographics, and antibiotic resistance patterns. This investigation aims to provide insights that can guide improved infection control and treatment strategies. Methods: A total of 6161 positive urine cultures collected over five years were examined, with particular emphasis on 2019 due to a peak in infection rates. The analysis explored bacterial prevalence, demographic factors such as sex and clinical service origin, and antibiotic resistance. Special attention was given to hospitalized patients, especially those undergoing invasive procedures, due to their increased vulnerability to infection. Results: This study found that UTIs were more prevalent in female patients, reflecting anatomical susceptibilities. Hospitalized individuals, particularly those requiring invasive procedures, were at greater risk. The predominant bacteria were <i>Escherichia coli</i>, <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i>, and <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i>, with differences in prevalence by patient sex and service origin. Resistance to Imipenem in <i>E. coli</i> increased, raising concerns about last-resort treatments. However, resistance to other antibiotics declined, suggesting improvements due to recent stewardship measures. During the COVID-19 pandemic, overall antibiotic consumption decreased due to changes in clinical practices. Conclusion: The findings highlight the importance of strict infection control, targeted prevention measures, and rational antibiotic use to combat resistance. Ongoing surveillance and personalized treatment approaches are essential to improve UTI management and outcomes.https://www.mdpi.com/2039-7283/15/1/14urinary tract infections (UTIs)antibiotic resistanceantibiotic stewardshipepidemiology of UTIsantimicrobial consumptionPortugal |
| spellingShingle | Francisco Rodrigues Patrícia Coelho Sónia Mateus Armando Caseiro Hatem Eideh Teresa Gonçalves Miguel Castelo Branco Decoding Urinary Tract Infection Trends: A 5-Year Snapshot from Central Portugal Clinics and Practice urinary tract infections (UTIs) antibiotic resistance antibiotic stewardship epidemiology of UTIs antimicrobial consumption Portugal |
| title | Decoding Urinary Tract Infection Trends: A 5-Year Snapshot from Central Portugal |
| title_full | Decoding Urinary Tract Infection Trends: A 5-Year Snapshot from Central Portugal |
| title_fullStr | Decoding Urinary Tract Infection Trends: A 5-Year Snapshot from Central Portugal |
| title_full_unstemmed | Decoding Urinary Tract Infection Trends: A 5-Year Snapshot from Central Portugal |
| title_short | Decoding Urinary Tract Infection Trends: A 5-Year Snapshot from Central Portugal |
| title_sort | decoding urinary tract infection trends a 5 year snapshot from central portugal |
| topic | urinary tract infections (UTIs) antibiotic resistance antibiotic stewardship epidemiology of UTIs antimicrobial consumption Portugal |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2039-7283/15/1/14 |
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