Changes in the sodium content of New Zealand packaged breads: 2013 to 2023

We aimed to compare the mean sodium content of New Zealand (NZ) packaged breads in 2013 and 2023 and assess compliance with the NZ Heart Foundation (HF) and World Health Organization (WHO) sodium reduction benchmarks. Sodium data were obtained from a supermarket food composition database. Mean diffe...

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Main Authors: Maria Norburg Tell, Leanne Young, Kathryn Bradbury, Ella Risbrook, Helen Eyles
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Cambridge University Press 2025-01-01
Series:Journal of Nutritional Science
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Online Access:https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S2048679025100207/type/journal_article
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author Maria Norburg Tell
Leanne Young
Kathryn Bradbury
Ella Risbrook
Helen Eyles
author_facet Maria Norburg Tell
Leanne Young
Kathryn Bradbury
Ella Risbrook
Helen Eyles
author_sort Maria Norburg Tell
collection DOAJ
description We aimed to compare the mean sodium content of New Zealand (NZ) packaged breads in 2013 and 2023 and assess compliance with the NZ Heart Foundation (HF) and World Health Organization (WHO) sodium reduction benchmarks. Sodium data were obtained from a supermarket food composition database. Mean differences between years were assessed using independent samples t-tests and chi-square tests. There was a significant reduction in the sodium content of all bread from 2013 (n=345) to 2023 (n=309) of 46 mg/100g (p<0.001). In 2013, 20% (n=70/345) of breads met the HF benchmarks, and 10% (33/345) met the WHO benchmarks; corresponding values for 2023 were 45% (n=138/309) and 18% (n=57/309) (p<0.001 for both). If continued, the modest reduction in sodium content and increase in the percentage of NZ breads meeting relevant sodium reduction benchmarks could positively affect public health, particularly if extended across the packaged food supply.
format Article
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institution Kabale University
issn 2048-6790
language English
publishDate 2025-01-01
publisher Cambridge University Press
record_format Article
series Journal of Nutritional Science
spelling doaj-art-3cff0bfca77a4e5faa3e4e0e7506d4e22025-08-20T03:25:52ZengCambridge University PressJournal of Nutritional Science2048-67902025-01-011410.1017/jns.2025.10020Changes in the sodium content of New Zealand packaged breads: 2013 to 2023Maria Norburg Tell0https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7786-7556Leanne Young1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5350-4443Kathryn Bradbury2https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3345-7333Ella Risbrook3https://orcid.org/0009-0003-4924-4225Helen Eyles4https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9521-3513Bra Liv Öxnehaga Primary Health Care Centre, Region Jönköping County, Jönköping and Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, SwedenHeart Foundation Senior Fellow (HE and KEB), Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and The Centre for Translational Health Research, University of Auckland, Auckland, New ZealandHeart Foundation Senior Fellow (HE and KEB), Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and The Centre for Translational Health Research, University of Auckland, Auckland, New ZealandUniversity of Auckland, Auckland, New ZealandHeart Foundation Senior Fellow (HE and KEB), Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and The Centre for Translational Health Research, University of Auckland, Auckland, New ZealandWe aimed to compare the mean sodium content of New Zealand (NZ) packaged breads in 2013 and 2023 and assess compliance with the NZ Heart Foundation (HF) and World Health Organization (WHO) sodium reduction benchmarks. Sodium data were obtained from a supermarket food composition database. Mean differences between years were assessed using independent samples t-tests and chi-square tests. There was a significant reduction in the sodium content of all bread from 2013 (n=345) to 2023 (n=309) of 46 mg/100g (p<0.001). In 2013, 20% (n=70/345) of breads met the HF benchmarks, and 10% (33/345) met the WHO benchmarks; corresponding values for 2023 were 45% (n=138/309) and 18% (n=57/309) (p<0.001 for both). If continued, the modest reduction in sodium content and increase in the percentage of NZ breads meeting relevant sodium reduction benchmarks could positively affect public health, particularly if extended across the packaged food supply.https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S2048679025100207/type/journal_articleBreadNew ZealandSaltSodium
spellingShingle Maria Norburg Tell
Leanne Young
Kathryn Bradbury
Ella Risbrook
Helen Eyles
Changes in the sodium content of New Zealand packaged breads: 2013 to 2023
Journal of Nutritional Science
Bread
New Zealand
Salt
Sodium
title Changes in the sodium content of New Zealand packaged breads: 2013 to 2023
title_full Changes in the sodium content of New Zealand packaged breads: 2013 to 2023
title_fullStr Changes in the sodium content of New Zealand packaged breads: 2013 to 2023
title_full_unstemmed Changes in the sodium content of New Zealand packaged breads: 2013 to 2023
title_short Changes in the sodium content of New Zealand packaged breads: 2013 to 2023
title_sort changes in the sodium content of new zealand packaged breads 2013 to 2023
topic Bread
New Zealand
Salt
Sodium
url https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S2048679025100207/type/journal_article
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AT leanneyoung changesinthesodiumcontentofnewzealandpackagedbreads2013to2023
AT kathrynbradbury changesinthesodiumcontentofnewzealandpackagedbreads2013to2023
AT ellarisbrook changesinthesodiumcontentofnewzealandpackagedbreads2013to2023
AT heleneyles changesinthesodiumcontentofnewzealandpackagedbreads2013to2023