Single-cell transcriptomics of bronchoalveolar lavage during PRRSV infection with different virulence
Abstract Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) causes significant economic losses in the global swine industry due to its high genetic diversity and different virulence levels, which complicate disease management and vaccine development. This study evaluated longitudinal change...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Nature Portfolio
2025-01-01
|
| Series: | Nature Communications |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-54676-2 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1832571506224267264 |
|---|---|
| author | Byeonghwi Lim Seung-Chai Kim Hwan-Ju Kim Jae-Hwan Kim Young-Jun Seo Chiwoong Lim Yejee Park Sunirmal Sheet Dahye Kim Do-Hwan Lim Kyeongsoon Park Kyung-Tai Lee Won-Il Kim Jun-Mo Kim |
| author_facet | Byeonghwi Lim Seung-Chai Kim Hwan-Ju Kim Jae-Hwan Kim Young-Jun Seo Chiwoong Lim Yejee Park Sunirmal Sheet Dahye Kim Do-Hwan Lim Kyeongsoon Park Kyung-Tai Lee Won-Il Kim Jun-Mo Kim |
| author_sort | Byeonghwi Lim |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) causes significant economic losses in the global swine industry due to its high genetic diversity and different virulence levels, which complicate disease management and vaccine development. This study evaluated longitudinal changes in the immune cell composition of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and the clinical outcomes across PRRSV strains with varying virulence, using techniques including single-cell transcriptomics. In highly virulent infection, faster viral replication results in an earlier peak lung-damage time point, marked by significant interstitial pneumonia, a significant decrease in macrophages, and an influx of lymphocytes. Viral tracking reveals less than 5% of macrophages are directly infected, and further analysis indicates bystander cell death, likely regulated by exosomal microRNAs as a significant factor. In contrast, the peak intermediate infection shows a delayed lung-damage time point with fewer cell population modifications. Furthermore, anti-inflammatory M2-like macrophages (SPP1-CXCL14high) are identified and their counts increase during the peak lung-damage time point, likely contributing to local defense and lung recovery, which is not observed in high virulent infection. These findings provide a comprehensive description of the immune cellular landscape and differential PRRSV virulence mechanisms, which will help build new hypotheses to understand PRRSV pathogenesis and other respiratory infections. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-3ce0d3932cbe451ba3a0198c6eb08d90 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2041-1723 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nature Communications |
| spelling | doaj-art-3ce0d3932cbe451ba3a0198c6eb08d902025-02-02T12:32:36ZengNature PortfolioNature Communications2041-17232025-01-0116112210.1038/s41467-024-54676-2Single-cell transcriptomics of bronchoalveolar lavage during PRRSV infection with different virulenceByeonghwi Lim0Seung-Chai Kim1Hwan-Ju Kim2Jae-Hwan Kim3Young-Jun Seo4Chiwoong Lim5Yejee Park6Sunirmal Sheet7Dahye Kim8Do-Hwan Lim9Kyeongsoon Park10Kyung-Tai Lee11Won-Il Kim12Jun-Mo Kim13Functional Genomics & Bioinformatics Laboratory, Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang UniversityCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National UniversityCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National UniversityAnimal Genomics and Bioinformatics Division, National Institute of Animal Science, RDAFunctional Genomics & Bioinformatics Laboratory, Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang UniversityFunctional Genomics & Bioinformatics Laboratory, Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang UniversityAnimal Genomics and Bioinformatics Division, National Institute of Animal Science, RDAAnimal Genomics and Bioinformatics Division, National Institute of Animal Science, RDAAnimal Genomics and Bioinformatics Division, National Institute of Animal Science, RDASchool of Systems Biomedical Science, Soongsil UniversityDepartment of Systems Biotechnology, Chung-Ang UniversityAnimal Genomics and Bioinformatics Division, National Institute of Animal Science, RDACollege of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National UniversityFunctional Genomics & Bioinformatics Laboratory, Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang UniversityAbstract Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) causes significant economic losses in the global swine industry due to its high genetic diversity and different virulence levels, which complicate disease management and vaccine development. This study evaluated longitudinal changes in the immune cell composition of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and the clinical outcomes across PRRSV strains with varying virulence, using techniques including single-cell transcriptomics. In highly virulent infection, faster viral replication results in an earlier peak lung-damage time point, marked by significant interstitial pneumonia, a significant decrease in macrophages, and an influx of lymphocytes. Viral tracking reveals less than 5% of macrophages are directly infected, and further analysis indicates bystander cell death, likely regulated by exosomal microRNAs as a significant factor. In contrast, the peak intermediate infection shows a delayed lung-damage time point with fewer cell population modifications. Furthermore, anti-inflammatory M2-like macrophages (SPP1-CXCL14high) are identified and their counts increase during the peak lung-damage time point, likely contributing to local defense and lung recovery, which is not observed in high virulent infection. These findings provide a comprehensive description of the immune cellular landscape and differential PRRSV virulence mechanisms, which will help build new hypotheses to understand PRRSV pathogenesis and other respiratory infections.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-54676-2 |
| spellingShingle | Byeonghwi Lim Seung-Chai Kim Hwan-Ju Kim Jae-Hwan Kim Young-Jun Seo Chiwoong Lim Yejee Park Sunirmal Sheet Dahye Kim Do-Hwan Lim Kyeongsoon Park Kyung-Tai Lee Won-Il Kim Jun-Mo Kim Single-cell transcriptomics of bronchoalveolar lavage during PRRSV infection with different virulence Nature Communications |
| title | Single-cell transcriptomics of bronchoalveolar lavage during PRRSV infection with different virulence |
| title_full | Single-cell transcriptomics of bronchoalveolar lavage during PRRSV infection with different virulence |
| title_fullStr | Single-cell transcriptomics of bronchoalveolar lavage during PRRSV infection with different virulence |
| title_full_unstemmed | Single-cell transcriptomics of bronchoalveolar lavage during PRRSV infection with different virulence |
| title_short | Single-cell transcriptomics of bronchoalveolar lavage during PRRSV infection with different virulence |
| title_sort | single cell transcriptomics of bronchoalveolar lavage during prrsv infection with different virulence |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-54676-2 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT byeonghwilim singlecelltranscriptomicsofbronchoalveolarlavageduringprrsvinfectionwithdifferentvirulence AT seungchaikim singlecelltranscriptomicsofbronchoalveolarlavageduringprrsvinfectionwithdifferentvirulence AT hwanjukim singlecelltranscriptomicsofbronchoalveolarlavageduringprrsvinfectionwithdifferentvirulence AT jaehwankim singlecelltranscriptomicsofbronchoalveolarlavageduringprrsvinfectionwithdifferentvirulence AT youngjunseo singlecelltranscriptomicsofbronchoalveolarlavageduringprrsvinfectionwithdifferentvirulence AT chiwoonglim singlecelltranscriptomicsofbronchoalveolarlavageduringprrsvinfectionwithdifferentvirulence AT yejeepark singlecelltranscriptomicsofbronchoalveolarlavageduringprrsvinfectionwithdifferentvirulence AT sunirmalsheet singlecelltranscriptomicsofbronchoalveolarlavageduringprrsvinfectionwithdifferentvirulence AT dahyekim singlecelltranscriptomicsofbronchoalveolarlavageduringprrsvinfectionwithdifferentvirulence AT dohwanlim singlecelltranscriptomicsofbronchoalveolarlavageduringprrsvinfectionwithdifferentvirulence AT kyeongsoonpark singlecelltranscriptomicsofbronchoalveolarlavageduringprrsvinfectionwithdifferentvirulence AT kyungtailee singlecelltranscriptomicsofbronchoalveolarlavageduringprrsvinfectionwithdifferentvirulence AT wonilkim singlecelltranscriptomicsofbronchoalveolarlavageduringprrsvinfectionwithdifferentvirulence AT junmokim singlecelltranscriptomicsofbronchoalveolarlavageduringprrsvinfectionwithdifferentvirulence |