Dopamine Appetite and Cognitive Impairment in Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
The underlying defects in ADHD (Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder) are not yet clear. The current paper tests three existing theories: State Regulation, Cognitive Deficit, and Temporal Difference (TD) learning. We present computational simulations of the Matching Familiar Figures Task and com...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Wiley
2004-01-01
|
| Series: | Neural Plasticity |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/NP.2004.115 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1832545497789759488 |
|---|---|
| author | Jonathan Williams Eric Taylor |
| author_facet | Jonathan Williams Eric Taylor |
| author_sort | Jonathan Williams |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The underlying defects in ADHD (Attention
Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder) are not yet clear.
The current paper tests three existing theories:
State Regulation, Cognitive Deficit, and
Temporal Difference (TD) learning. We present
computational simulations of the Matching
Familiar Figures Task and compare these with
the experimental results reported by Sonuga-
Barke (2002). The TD model contains four
parameters: the learning rate, discounting for
future rewards, brittleness (randomness) of
behavior, and action bias. The results show that
the basic TD model accounts well for control
performance in trials of 5 sec, 10 sec, and 15 sec
duration; but not for the deficits in ADHD
performance at 5 sec and 15 sec. Extending the
TD model to incorporate either a state
regulation deficit, or working memory deficit
and delay in starting trials, can provide a good
account of both control and ADHD results, at
all trial-lengths. We discuss the significance of
the results for theories of ADHD and make
suggestions for future experimentation. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-3bd7de72a766402a90248b88b8ab799c |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2090-5904 1687-5443 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2004-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Neural Plasticity |
| spelling | doaj-art-3bd7de72a766402a90248b88b8ab799c2025-02-03T07:25:38ZengWileyNeural Plasticity2090-59041687-54432004-01-01111-211513210.1155/NP.2004.115Dopamine Appetite and Cognitive Impairment in Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity DisorderJonathan Williams0Eric Taylor1Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry De Crespigny Park, Denmark Hill, London SE5 8AF, UKDepartment of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry De Crespigny Park, Denmark Hill, London SE5 8AF, UKThe underlying defects in ADHD (Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder) are not yet clear. The current paper tests three existing theories: State Regulation, Cognitive Deficit, and Temporal Difference (TD) learning. We present computational simulations of the Matching Familiar Figures Task and compare these with the experimental results reported by Sonuga- Barke (2002). The TD model contains four parameters: the learning rate, discounting for future rewards, brittleness (randomness) of behavior, and action bias. The results show that the basic TD model accounts well for control performance in trials of 5 sec, 10 sec, and 15 sec duration; but not for the deficits in ADHD performance at 5 sec and 15 sec. Extending the TD model to incorporate either a state regulation deficit, or working memory deficit and delay in starting trials, can provide a good account of both control and ADHD results, at all trial-lengths. We discuss the significance of the results for theories of ADHD and make suggestions for future experimentation.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/NP.2004.115 |
| spellingShingle | Jonathan Williams Eric Taylor Dopamine Appetite and Cognitive Impairment in Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Neural Plasticity |
| title | Dopamine Appetite and Cognitive Impairment in Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder |
| title_full | Dopamine Appetite and Cognitive Impairment in Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder |
| title_fullStr | Dopamine Appetite and Cognitive Impairment in Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder |
| title_full_unstemmed | Dopamine Appetite and Cognitive Impairment in Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder |
| title_short | Dopamine Appetite and Cognitive Impairment in Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder |
| title_sort | dopamine appetite and cognitive impairment in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/NP.2004.115 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT jonathanwilliams dopamineappetiteandcognitiveimpairmentinattentiondeficithyperactivitydisorder AT erictaylor dopamineappetiteandcognitiveimpairmentinattentiondeficithyperactivitydisorder |