Modeling of LTO approach time-in-mode values in MATLAB using the generalized extreme value distribution

The landing and take-off (LTO) cycle, which is used to calculate emissions of aircraft below 3 000 feet, consists of four operating modes, each of which has a standardized time duration or time-in-mode (TIM). In this paper, we model TIM values of the Approach operating mode for two aircraft types (...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Bo Stloukal, Ivan Nagy
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Czech Technical University in Prague 2025-06-01
Series:Acta Polytechnica CTU Proceedings
Subjects:
Online Access:https://ojs.cvut.cz/ojs/index.php/APP/article/view/10622
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849705312167133184
author Bo Stloukal
Ivan Nagy
author_facet Bo Stloukal
Ivan Nagy
author_sort Bo Stloukal
collection DOAJ
description The landing and take-off (LTO) cycle, which is used to calculate emissions of aircraft below 3 000 feet, consists of four operating modes, each of which has a standardized time duration or time-in-mode (TIM). In this paper, we model TIM values of the Approach operating mode for two aircraft types (Boeing 737-800 and Airbus A320) arriving on Runway 24 at Prague Václav Havel Airport using the generalized extreme value (GEV) distribution. Predictions of the TIM values are made using the models, and the performance of each model is evaluated. The results show that for both aircraft types, the predicted TIM values lead to total emissions estimates deviating on average by 1 to 2 percent from estimates made using the real TIM values, showing good model performance. The presented approach is also shown to be beneficial in comparison with using the standard TIM value (240 s), highlighting the feasibility of further research in this area as one of the avenues of improving the LTO cycle methodology.
format Article
id doaj-art-3b79114e8c5a4d0c89730c8ef55e48e5
institution DOAJ
issn 2336-5382
language English
publishDate 2025-06-01
publisher Czech Technical University in Prague
record_format Article
series Acta Polytechnica CTU Proceedings
spelling doaj-art-3b79114e8c5a4d0c89730c8ef55e48e52025-08-20T03:16:31ZengCzech Technical University in PragueActa Polytechnica CTU Proceedings2336-53822025-06-015210.14311/APP.2025.52.0122Modeling of LTO approach time-in-mode values in MATLAB using the generalized extreme value distributionBo Stloukal0Ivan Nagy1Czech Technical University in Prague, Faculty of Transportation Sciences, Department of Air Transport, Horská 3, 128 03 Prague 2, Czech RepublicCzech Technical University in Prague, Faculty of Transportation Sciences, Department of Applied Mathematics, Na Florenci 25, 110 00 Prague 1, Czech Republic The landing and take-off (LTO) cycle, which is used to calculate emissions of aircraft below 3 000 feet, consists of four operating modes, each of which has a standardized time duration or time-in-mode (TIM). In this paper, we model TIM values of the Approach operating mode for two aircraft types (Boeing 737-800 and Airbus A320) arriving on Runway 24 at Prague Václav Havel Airport using the generalized extreme value (GEV) distribution. Predictions of the TIM values are made using the models, and the performance of each model is evaluated. The results show that for both aircraft types, the predicted TIM values lead to total emissions estimates deviating on average by 1 to 2 percent from estimates made using the real TIM values, showing good model performance. The presented approach is also shown to be beneficial in comparison with using the standard TIM value (240 s), highlighting the feasibility of further research in this area as one of the avenues of improving the LTO cycle methodology. https://ojs.cvut.cz/ojs/index.php/APP/article/view/10622aircraftemissionsapproachLTO cycletime-in-modegeneralized extreme value distribution
spellingShingle Bo Stloukal
Ivan Nagy
Modeling of LTO approach time-in-mode values in MATLAB using the generalized extreme value distribution
Acta Polytechnica CTU Proceedings
aircraft
emissions
approach
LTO cycle
time-in-mode
generalized extreme value distribution
title Modeling of LTO approach time-in-mode values in MATLAB using the generalized extreme value distribution
title_full Modeling of LTO approach time-in-mode values in MATLAB using the generalized extreme value distribution
title_fullStr Modeling of LTO approach time-in-mode values in MATLAB using the generalized extreme value distribution
title_full_unstemmed Modeling of LTO approach time-in-mode values in MATLAB using the generalized extreme value distribution
title_short Modeling of LTO approach time-in-mode values in MATLAB using the generalized extreme value distribution
title_sort modeling of lto approach time in mode values in matlab using the generalized extreme value distribution
topic aircraft
emissions
approach
LTO cycle
time-in-mode
generalized extreme value distribution
url https://ojs.cvut.cz/ojs/index.php/APP/article/view/10622
work_keys_str_mv AT bostloukal modelingofltoapproachtimeinmodevaluesinmatlabusingthegeneralizedextremevaluedistribution
AT ivannagy modelingofltoapproachtimeinmodevaluesinmatlabusingthegeneralizedextremevaluedistribution