Automated Fog Node Audit and Certification Scheme With Multiple Attestation Certificate Authorities
Fog computing is a complementary paradigm to cloud computing. It aims to improve the performance of Internet of Things (IoT) applications by positioning fog computing nodes closer to IoT networks. Establishing trust between fog nodes and cloud service providers is challenging because fog providers a...
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IEEE
2025-01-01
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| Series: | IEEE Access |
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| Online Access: | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10840179/ |
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| author | Shuaib Anath Tahmid Quazi Bashan Naidoo |
| author_facet | Shuaib Anath Tahmid Quazi Bashan Naidoo |
| author_sort | Shuaib Anath |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Fog computing is a complementary paradigm to cloud computing. It aims to improve the performance of Internet of Things (IoT) applications by positioning fog computing nodes closer to IoT networks. Establishing trust between fog nodes and cloud service providers is challenging because fog providers are typically third parties. The automated Fog Node Audit and Certification (FoNAC) scheme is a solution for establishing cloud trust in fog nodes. A key component for fog node trust establishment in the scheme is the attestation key certificate issued by an attestation Certificate Authority (CA). The FoNAC scheme assumes that the attestation CA certification service is readily available. However, this is a strong assumption that requires further study. Therefore, this paper aims to investigate the service availability of the attestation CA in the FoNAC scheme. This study examines the CA service availability in the FoNAC scheme, revealing that a single centralized attestation CA leads to a single point of failure that disables FoNAC and causes service bottlenecks. This paper proposes a distributed multiple attestation CA system to overcome these limitations. The certification service availability of the system is investigated as a finite-queue queuing system. Results demonstrate that increasing the number of CAs significantly increases service availability, achieving 93% availability with three CAs versus 42% with one CA at 500 requests per second. The distributed nature of the proposed system overcomes the limitation of a single point of failure, and the results show that multiple CAs increase the availability of the certification service, thereby reducing bottlenecks. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-3aca079656774e46a8ebc69f9dfb6265 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2169-3536 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | IEEE |
| record_format | Article |
| series | IEEE Access |
| spelling | doaj-art-3aca079656774e46a8ebc69f9dfb62652025-01-24T00:02:02ZengIEEEIEEE Access2169-35362025-01-0113112041121610.1109/ACCESS.2025.352970210840179Automated Fog Node Audit and Certification Scheme With Multiple Attestation Certificate AuthoritiesShuaib Anath0https://orcid.org/0009-0004-8403-3885Tahmid Quazi1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1288-4224Bashan Naidoo2https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5553-8199School of Engineering, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, KwaZulu-Natal, South AfricaSchool of Engineering, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, KwaZulu-Natal, South AfricaSchool of Engineering, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, KwaZulu-Natal, South AfricaFog computing is a complementary paradigm to cloud computing. It aims to improve the performance of Internet of Things (IoT) applications by positioning fog computing nodes closer to IoT networks. Establishing trust between fog nodes and cloud service providers is challenging because fog providers are typically third parties. The automated Fog Node Audit and Certification (FoNAC) scheme is a solution for establishing cloud trust in fog nodes. A key component for fog node trust establishment in the scheme is the attestation key certificate issued by an attestation Certificate Authority (CA). The FoNAC scheme assumes that the attestation CA certification service is readily available. However, this is a strong assumption that requires further study. Therefore, this paper aims to investigate the service availability of the attestation CA in the FoNAC scheme. This study examines the CA service availability in the FoNAC scheme, revealing that a single centralized attestation CA leads to a single point of failure that disables FoNAC and causes service bottlenecks. This paper proposes a distributed multiple attestation CA system to overcome these limitations. The certification service availability of the system is investigated as a finite-queue queuing system. Results demonstrate that increasing the number of CAs significantly increases service availability, achieving 93% availability with three CAs versus 42% with one CA at 500 requests per second. The distributed nature of the proposed system overcomes the limitation of a single point of failure, and the results show that multiple CAs increase the availability of the certification service, thereby reducing bottlenecks.https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10840179/Attestationattestation keyavailabilitycertificatecertificationcertification authority |
| spellingShingle | Shuaib Anath Tahmid Quazi Bashan Naidoo Automated Fog Node Audit and Certification Scheme With Multiple Attestation Certificate Authorities IEEE Access Attestation attestation key availability certificate certification certification authority |
| title | Automated Fog Node Audit and Certification Scheme With Multiple Attestation Certificate Authorities |
| title_full | Automated Fog Node Audit and Certification Scheme With Multiple Attestation Certificate Authorities |
| title_fullStr | Automated Fog Node Audit and Certification Scheme With Multiple Attestation Certificate Authorities |
| title_full_unstemmed | Automated Fog Node Audit and Certification Scheme With Multiple Attestation Certificate Authorities |
| title_short | Automated Fog Node Audit and Certification Scheme With Multiple Attestation Certificate Authorities |
| title_sort | automated fog node audit and certification scheme with multiple attestation certificate authorities |
| topic | Attestation attestation key availability certificate certification certification authority |
| url | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10840179/ |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT shuaibanath automatedfognodeauditandcertificationschemewithmultipleattestationcertificateauthorities AT tahmidquazi automatedfognodeauditandcertificationschemewithmultipleattestationcertificateauthorities AT bashannaidoo automatedfognodeauditandcertificationschemewithmultipleattestationcertificateauthorities |