System-and-structural features of the phytobiotaof the fir-beech forests of the Pokuttia Carpathians
The article presents the results of the system-structural analysis of the flora of fir-beech forests of the low mountain terrain of the Pokuttia Carpathians. A forest stand inventory, flora and mycobiota inventory, phytosociological descriptions of the vegetation and its syntaxonomic analysis were c...
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Ukrainian National Forestry University
2024-09-01
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| Series: | Наукові праці Лісівничої академії наук України |
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| Online Access: | http://fasu.nltu.edu.ua/index.php/nplanu/article/view/782 |
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| author | Myroslava Soroka Andrzej Woźniak Petro Plikhtiak Anatoliy Goychuk Ivanna Kulbanska |
| author_facet | Myroslava Soroka Andrzej Woźniak Petro Plikhtiak Anatoliy Goychuk Ivanna Kulbanska |
| author_sort | Myroslava Soroka |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The article presents the results of the system-structural analysis of the flora of fir-beech forests of the low mountain terrain of the Pokuttia Carpathians. A forest stand inventory, flora and mycobiota inventory, phytosociological descriptions of the vegetation and its syntaxonomic analysis were carried out. It was established that, in total, 223 species of higher vascular plants belonging to 168 genera, 65 families, 46 orders, 6 classes, 5 divisions, and 31 species of bryophytes from 30 genera, 24 families, 10 orders, 5 classes, 2 divisions were found in the composition of the vegetation cover of the fir-beech forests over an 11-year observation period. As was clarified, the coenoflora of fir-beech forests is arranged according to the scheme characteristic of broadleaved forests in general. It was found that among the life forms of plants in fir-beech forests, the leading role belongs to polycarpic herbs, the participation of which reaches 74.0%. Among perennial grasses in closed stands, long-rhizome species dominate (22.7%). When the phytoenvironment of fir-beech forests is changed in the process of selective felling, tap-rooted (19.3%) and bundle-rooted (11.3%) plants appear among herbaceous plants, the role of which in natural forests is insignificant. Among plants, vegetatively mobile species (40.0%) with a stress-tolerant life strategy (S) (55%) predominate. The fir-beech forests have a characteristic set of climomorphs – here there is a significant share of hemicryptophytes (46.0%) and cryptophytes (30.0%) and an insignificant participation of chamaephytes (3%). The set of ecological groups of plants in fir-beech forests is specific: sciomesophytes (30.1%), mesophytes (32.8%), megatrophs (22.4%), and neutrophils (34.6%) predominate here.
The changes in the vegetation cover at the species and coenotic levels were studied and the patterns of natural renaturalization of the forest environment after low-intensity selective felling were established. The dynamics of species composition was studied in 10 test plots of fir-beech forests of different ages over a period of 11 years. Observations of changes that occurred in the species composition of the phytobiota in the process of self-overgrowth of felled areas were based on recording the quantitative indicators of species from 5 test groups - characteristic of silver fir, European beech, felled areas, groups of ruderal and meadow species. As a result of long-term studies, it was revealed that depending on the number of years after felling, species of different test groups demonstrate three types of dynamics of quantitative indicators. A decreasing type of dynamics is noted in ruderal and meadow species which react negatively to a drop in the level of illumination with the appearance of bushes and young tree growth. The growing dynamics is typical for species of felled areas and forest edges, which over time occupy larger and larger areas in thinned forests. An intermediate dynamics type is found in all forest species which in the first years after felling demonstrate a decrease in quantitative indicators, and after 5-6 years gradually return to previous parameters. Some of them die irreversibly. The general trends of vegetation cover dynamics are as follows – with the beginning of regeneration processes, the total number of species decreases, later their number increases due to ruderal species, and the number of forest species continues to decrease. And only after the 8th year, the species composition acquires initial features.
Regarding the coenotic level of phytobiota dynamics, 4 stages of regeneration of the forest environment can be distinguished here. The first stage (invasive) lasts from 1 to 3 years after felling and is characterized by an unstable composition of grass species. The second stage (agglomerative) appears 4-5 years after felling. It can be identified by the formation of short-term groups of ruderal species and the development of agglomerations of felled areas species. The third stage (demutation) is crucial for the reproduction of fir-beech forests and it occurs 7-8 years after felling. At this time, weed species, which were introduced at the early stages, disappear and competition begins between the young growth of trees and species of felled areas. The fourth stage (forest) begins approximately 12-20 years after felling. It is actually the life of a formed forest up to homeostasis. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-3a32ffc2a99940889e1230b81116aa00 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1991-606X 2616-5015 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-09-01 |
| publisher | Ukrainian National Forestry University |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Наукові праці Лісівничої академії наук України |
| spelling | doaj-art-3a32ffc2a99940889e1230b81116aa002025-02-05T09:23:02ZengUkrainian National Forestry UniversityНаукові праці Лісівничої академії наук України1991-606X2616-50152024-09-0126262034https://doi.org/10.15421/412401782System-and-structural features of the phytobiotaof the fir-beech forests of the Pokuttia CarpathiansMyroslava Soroka0https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1037-6904Andrzej Woźniak1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9845-7003Petro Plikhtiak2https://orcid.org/0009-0007-9747-0453Anatoliy Goychuk3https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6827-2307Ivanna Kulbanska4https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3424-8106Ukrainian National Forestry UniversityUniversity of Life Sciences in LublinState Enterprise «Kuty Forestry»National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of UkraineNational University of Life and Environmental Sciences of UkraineThe article presents the results of the system-structural analysis of the flora of fir-beech forests of the low mountain terrain of the Pokuttia Carpathians. A forest stand inventory, flora and mycobiota inventory, phytosociological descriptions of the vegetation and its syntaxonomic analysis were carried out. It was established that, in total, 223 species of higher vascular plants belonging to 168 genera, 65 families, 46 orders, 6 classes, 5 divisions, and 31 species of bryophytes from 30 genera, 24 families, 10 orders, 5 classes, 2 divisions were found in the composition of the vegetation cover of the fir-beech forests over an 11-year observation period. As was clarified, the coenoflora of fir-beech forests is arranged according to the scheme characteristic of broadleaved forests in general. It was found that among the life forms of plants in fir-beech forests, the leading role belongs to polycarpic herbs, the participation of which reaches 74.0%. Among perennial grasses in closed stands, long-rhizome species dominate (22.7%). When the phytoenvironment of fir-beech forests is changed in the process of selective felling, tap-rooted (19.3%) and bundle-rooted (11.3%) plants appear among herbaceous plants, the role of which in natural forests is insignificant. Among plants, vegetatively mobile species (40.0%) with a stress-tolerant life strategy (S) (55%) predominate. The fir-beech forests have a characteristic set of climomorphs – here there is a significant share of hemicryptophytes (46.0%) and cryptophytes (30.0%) and an insignificant participation of chamaephytes (3%). The set of ecological groups of plants in fir-beech forests is specific: sciomesophytes (30.1%), mesophytes (32.8%), megatrophs (22.4%), and neutrophils (34.6%) predominate here. The changes in the vegetation cover at the species and coenotic levels were studied and the patterns of natural renaturalization of the forest environment after low-intensity selective felling were established. The dynamics of species composition was studied in 10 test plots of fir-beech forests of different ages over a period of 11 years. Observations of changes that occurred in the species composition of the phytobiota in the process of self-overgrowth of felled areas were based on recording the quantitative indicators of species from 5 test groups - characteristic of silver fir, European beech, felled areas, groups of ruderal and meadow species. As a result of long-term studies, it was revealed that depending on the number of years after felling, species of different test groups demonstrate three types of dynamics of quantitative indicators. A decreasing type of dynamics is noted in ruderal and meadow species which react negatively to a drop in the level of illumination with the appearance of bushes and young tree growth. The growing dynamics is typical for species of felled areas and forest edges, which over time occupy larger and larger areas in thinned forests. An intermediate dynamics type is found in all forest species which in the first years after felling demonstrate a decrease in quantitative indicators, and after 5-6 years gradually return to previous parameters. Some of them die irreversibly. The general trends of vegetation cover dynamics are as follows – with the beginning of regeneration processes, the total number of species decreases, later their number increases due to ruderal species, and the number of forest species continues to decrease. And only after the 8th year, the species composition acquires initial features. Regarding the coenotic level of phytobiota dynamics, 4 stages of regeneration of the forest environment can be distinguished here. The first stage (invasive) lasts from 1 to 3 years after felling and is characterized by an unstable composition of grass species. The second stage (agglomerative) appears 4-5 years after felling. It can be identified by the formation of short-term groups of ruderal species and the development of agglomerations of felled areas species. The third stage (demutation) is crucial for the reproduction of fir-beech forests and it occurs 7-8 years after felling. At this time, weed species, which were introduced at the early stages, disappear and competition begins between the young growth of trees and species of felled areas. The fourth stage (forest) begins approximately 12-20 years after felling. It is actually the life of a formed forest up to homeostasis.http://fasu.nltu.edu.ua/index.php/nplanu/article/view/782beechfirbiodiversityflora structureforest ecosystemsvegetation syntaxonomyj. braun-blanquet’s method |
| spellingShingle | Myroslava Soroka Andrzej Woźniak Petro Plikhtiak Anatoliy Goychuk Ivanna Kulbanska System-and-structural features of the phytobiotaof the fir-beech forests of the Pokuttia Carpathians Наукові праці Лісівничої академії наук України beech fir biodiversity flora structure forest ecosystems vegetation syntaxonomy j. braun-blanquet’s method |
| title | System-and-structural features of the phytobiotaof the fir-beech forests of the Pokuttia Carpathians |
| title_full | System-and-structural features of the phytobiotaof the fir-beech forests of the Pokuttia Carpathians |
| title_fullStr | System-and-structural features of the phytobiotaof the fir-beech forests of the Pokuttia Carpathians |
| title_full_unstemmed | System-and-structural features of the phytobiotaof the fir-beech forests of the Pokuttia Carpathians |
| title_short | System-and-structural features of the phytobiotaof the fir-beech forests of the Pokuttia Carpathians |
| title_sort | system and structural features of the phytobiotaof the fir beech forests of the pokuttia carpathians |
| topic | beech fir biodiversity flora structure forest ecosystems vegetation syntaxonomy j. braun-blanquet’s method |
| url | http://fasu.nltu.edu.ua/index.php/nplanu/article/view/782 |
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