<i>Sambucus nigra</i>-Lyophilized Fruit Extract Attenuated Acute Redox–Homeostatic Imbalance via Mutagenic and Oxidative Stress Modulation in Mice Model on Gentamicin-Induced Nephrotoxicity
<b>Background:</b> Gentamicin (GM) administration is associated with decreased metabolism, increased oxidative stress, and induction of nephrotoxicity. <i>Sambucus nigra</i> L., containing flavonoids, anthocyanins, and phytosterols, possesses antioxidant and anti-inflammatory...
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MDPI AG
2025-01-01
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| author | Kamelia Petkova-Parlapanska Ivaylo Stefanov Julian Ananiev Tsvetelin Georgiev Petya Hadzhibozheva Veselina Petrova-Tacheva Nikolay Kaloyanov Ekaterina Georgieva Galina Nikolova Yanka Karamalakova |
| author_facet | Kamelia Petkova-Parlapanska Ivaylo Stefanov Julian Ananiev Tsvetelin Georgiev Petya Hadzhibozheva Veselina Petrova-Tacheva Nikolay Kaloyanov Ekaterina Georgieva Galina Nikolova Yanka Karamalakova |
| author_sort | Kamelia Petkova-Parlapanska |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <b>Background:</b> Gentamicin (GM) administration is associated with decreased metabolism, increased oxidative stress, and induction of nephrotoxicity. <i>Sambucus nigra</i> L., containing flavonoids, anthocyanins, and phytosterols, possesses antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential. <b>Objectives:</b> The present study aimed to investigate the nephroprotective and anti-inflammatory potential of lyophilized <i>Sambucus nigra</i> fruit extract (<i>S. nigra extract</i>) to reduce acute oxidative stress and residual toxicity of GM in a 7-day experimental model in Balb/c rodents. <b>Methods:</b> The <i>S. nigra</i> extract was lyophilized (300 rpm; 10 min; −45 °C) to improve pharmacological properties. Balb/c mice were divided into four (n = 6) groups: controls; <i>S. nigra</i> extract per os (120 mg kg<sup>−1</sup> day<sup>−1</sup> bw); GM (200 mg kg<sup>−1</sup> day<sup>−1</sup> bw) (4); and GM + <i>S. nigra</i> therapy. The activities of antioxidant and renal enzymes, cytokines, and levels of oxidative stress biomarkers—Hydroxiproline, CysC, GST, KIM-1, PGC-1α, MDA, GSPx—were analyzed by ELISA tests. The ROS and RNS levels, as well as 5-MSL-protein oxidation, were measured by EPR spectroscopy. <b>Results:</b> The antioxidant-protective effect of <i>S. nigra</i> extract (120 mg kg<sup>−1</sup>) was demonstrated by reduced MDA, ROS, and RNS and increased activation of endogenous enzymes. Furthermore, <i>S. nigra</i> extract significantly reduced the expression of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, IFN-γ, and KIM-1 and regulated collagen/protein (PGC-1α and albumin) deposition in renal tissues. <b>Conclusions:</b> Histological evaluation confirmed that <i>S. nigra</i> (120 mg kg<sup>−1</sup>) attenuated renal dysfunction and structural damage by modulating oxidative stress and acute inflammation and could be used as an anti-fibrotic alternative in GM nephrotoxicity. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-394638bacee7450982eec9ec70b576d3 |
| institution | Kabale University |
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| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
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| spelling | doaj-art-394638bacee7450982eec9ec70b576d32025-01-24T13:45:20ZengMDPI AGPharmaceuticals1424-82472025-01-011818510.3390/ph18010085<i>Sambucus nigra</i>-Lyophilized Fruit Extract Attenuated Acute Redox–Homeostatic Imbalance via Mutagenic and Oxidative Stress Modulation in Mice Model on Gentamicin-Induced NephrotoxicityKamelia Petkova-Parlapanska0Ivaylo Stefanov1Julian Ananiev2Tsvetelin Georgiev3Petya Hadzhibozheva4Veselina Petrova-Tacheva5Nikolay Kaloyanov6Ekaterina Georgieva7Galina Nikolova8Yanka Karamalakova9Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Trakia University, 11 Armeiska Str., 6000 Stara Zagora, BulgariaDepartment of General and Clinical Pathology, Forensic Medicine and Deontology, Faculty of Medicine, Trakia University, 11 Armeiska Str., 6000 Stara Zagora, BulgariaDepartment of General and Clinical Pathology, Forensic Medicine and Deontology, Faculty of Medicine, Trakia University, 11 Armeiska Str., 6000 Stara Zagora, BulgariaDepartment “Physiology, Pathophysiology and Pharmacology” Medical Faculty, Trakia University, 11 Armeiska Str., 6000 Stara Zagora, BulgariaDepartment “Physiology, Pathophysiology and Pharmacology” Medical Faculty, Trakia University, 11 Armeiska Str., 6000 Stara Zagora, BulgariaDepartment of Molecular Biology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, Medical Faculty, Trakia University, 6000 Stara Zagora, BulgariaDepartment of Organic Chemistry, University of Chemical Technology and Metallurgy, 8 St. Kliment Ohridski Blvd., 1756 Sofia, BulgariaDepartment of General and Clinical Pathology, Forensic Medicine and Deontology, Faculty of Medicine, Trakia University, 11 Armeiska Str., 6000 Stara Zagora, BulgariaDepartment of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Trakia University, 11 Armeiska Str., 6000 Stara Zagora, BulgariaDepartment of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Trakia University, 11 Armeiska Str., 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria<b>Background:</b> Gentamicin (GM) administration is associated with decreased metabolism, increased oxidative stress, and induction of nephrotoxicity. <i>Sambucus nigra</i> L., containing flavonoids, anthocyanins, and phytosterols, possesses antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential. <b>Objectives:</b> The present study aimed to investigate the nephroprotective and anti-inflammatory potential of lyophilized <i>Sambucus nigra</i> fruit extract (<i>S. nigra extract</i>) to reduce acute oxidative stress and residual toxicity of GM in a 7-day experimental model in Balb/c rodents. <b>Methods:</b> The <i>S. nigra</i> extract was lyophilized (300 rpm; 10 min; −45 °C) to improve pharmacological properties. Balb/c mice were divided into four (n = 6) groups: controls; <i>S. nigra</i> extract per os (120 mg kg<sup>−1</sup> day<sup>−1</sup> bw); GM (200 mg kg<sup>−1</sup> day<sup>−1</sup> bw) (4); and GM + <i>S. nigra</i> therapy. The activities of antioxidant and renal enzymes, cytokines, and levels of oxidative stress biomarkers—Hydroxiproline, CysC, GST, KIM-1, PGC-1α, MDA, GSPx—were analyzed by ELISA tests. The ROS and RNS levels, as well as 5-MSL-protein oxidation, were measured by EPR spectroscopy. <b>Results:</b> The antioxidant-protective effect of <i>S. nigra</i> extract (120 mg kg<sup>−1</sup>) was demonstrated by reduced MDA, ROS, and RNS and increased activation of endogenous enzymes. Furthermore, <i>S. nigra</i> extract significantly reduced the expression of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, IFN-γ, and KIM-1 and regulated collagen/protein (PGC-1α and albumin) deposition in renal tissues. <b>Conclusions:</b> Histological evaluation confirmed that <i>S. nigra</i> (120 mg kg<sup>−1</sup>) attenuated renal dysfunction and structural damage by modulating oxidative stress and acute inflammation and could be used as an anti-fibrotic alternative in GM nephrotoxicity.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8247/18/1/85<i>S. nigra</i> extractacute modelgentamycinnephroprotection |
| spellingShingle | Kamelia Petkova-Parlapanska Ivaylo Stefanov Julian Ananiev Tsvetelin Georgiev Petya Hadzhibozheva Veselina Petrova-Tacheva Nikolay Kaloyanov Ekaterina Georgieva Galina Nikolova Yanka Karamalakova <i>Sambucus nigra</i>-Lyophilized Fruit Extract Attenuated Acute Redox–Homeostatic Imbalance via Mutagenic and Oxidative Stress Modulation in Mice Model on Gentamicin-Induced Nephrotoxicity Pharmaceuticals <i>S. nigra</i> extract acute model gentamycin nephroprotection |
| title | <i>Sambucus nigra</i>-Lyophilized Fruit Extract Attenuated Acute Redox–Homeostatic Imbalance via Mutagenic and Oxidative Stress Modulation in Mice Model on Gentamicin-Induced Nephrotoxicity |
| title_full | <i>Sambucus nigra</i>-Lyophilized Fruit Extract Attenuated Acute Redox–Homeostatic Imbalance via Mutagenic and Oxidative Stress Modulation in Mice Model on Gentamicin-Induced Nephrotoxicity |
| title_fullStr | <i>Sambucus nigra</i>-Lyophilized Fruit Extract Attenuated Acute Redox–Homeostatic Imbalance via Mutagenic and Oxidative Stress Modulation in Mice Model on Gentamicin-Induced Nephrotoxicity |
| title_full_unstemmed | <i>Sambucus nigra</i>-Lyophilized Fruit Extract Attenuated Acute Redox–Homeostatic Imbalance via Mutagenic and Oxidative Stress Modulation in Mice Model on Gentamicin-Induced Nephrotoxicity |
| title_short | <i>Sambucus nigra</i>-Lyophilized Fruit Extract Attenuated Acute Redox–Homeostatic Imbalance via Mutagenic and Oxidative Stress Modulation in Mice Model on Gentamicin-Induced Nephrotoxicity |
| title_sort | i sambucus nigra i lyophilized fruit extract attenuated acute redox homeostatic imbalance via mutagenic and oxidative stress modulation in mice model on gentamicin induced nephrotoxicity |
| topic | <i>S. nigra</i> extract acute model gentamycin nephroprotection |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8247/18/1/85 |
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