Frailty Prevalence and Characterization Among Kidney Transplant Candidates in Spain: A Multicenter Study

Frailty Prevalence and Characterization Among Kidney Transplant Candidates in Spain: A Multicenter Study

Frailty is a frequent condition among kidney transplant candidates (KTc) that confers poor outcomes after transplantation. We aimed to establish frailty prevalence in a representative sample of KTc in Spain. We conducted a multicenter cross-sectional study including 1194 KTc ≥50 years. Frailty was a...

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Main Authors: María José Pérez-Sáez, Edoardo Melilli, Marta Arias, Antonio Franco, Rocío Martínez, Asunción Sancho, María Molina, Carme Facundo, Natalia Polanco, Verónica López, Auxiliadora Mazuecos, Sheila Cabello, María Elena González García, María Luisa Suárez, Ingrid Auyanet, Jordi Espi, Teresa García Falcón, Juan Carlos Ruiz, Cristina Galeano, Marta Artamendi, María Luisa Rodríguez-Ferrero, José María Portolés, María Auxiliadora Santana, Paloma Leticia Martín-Moreno, Nisrine Arhda, Marta Calvo, Alicia Mendiluce, Manuel Macía, María Lourdes Pérez-Tamajón, Javier de Teresa, Blanca Gascó, Sagrario Soriano, Guadalupe Tabernero, Lourdes de la Vara, Ana María Ramos, Rafael Martínez, Enrique Montero de Espinosa, José Luis Zalve, Julio Pascual, Leocadio Rodríguez-Mañas, Alex Gutiérrez-Dalmau, Francesc Moreso
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2025-06-01
Series:Transplant International
Subjects:
FRAIL
frailty
kidney transplant
waiting list
candidate
Online Access:https://www.frontierspartnerships.org/articles/10.3389/ti.2025.14098/full
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Summary:Frailty is a frequent condition among kidney transplant candidates (KTc) that confers poor outcomes after transplantation. We aimed to establish frailty prevalence in a representative sample of KTc in Spain. We conducted a multicenter cross-sectional study including 1194 KTc ≥50 years. Frailty was assessed by the FRAIL scale. Mean age was 64.2 years; 38.4% were female. Median Charlson comorbidity index (CCI) was 6 [4–7] and the total number of medications was 9 [7–12]. We found that 8.2% of patients were frail and 41.5% were pre-frail. Frailty was more frequent among females (60.2% of frail vs. 32.8% of robust; p < 0.001), hemodialysis patients (74.5% of frail vs. 67.1% of robust; p = 0.02), and those with a high burden of disease (54.6% of frail patients with CCI >6 vs. 29.3% of robust; p < 0.001). The multivariable analysis confirmed that frailty was associated with the female sex (OR 3.9 [2.5–6.2]); higher CCI (>6 OR 2.9 [1.6–54]); and the number of medications (OR –per medication- 1.13 [1.07–1.2]). Almost 50% of KTc in Spain are pre-frail or frail. Frailty is more prevalent between women and patients with high comorbidity burden. Identifying those candidates at risk is essential to establish risks and implement strategies to minimize them.
ISSN:1432-2277

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