Exploring Medium- and Long-Term Respiratory and Functional Sequelae in Young Adults Post-COVID-19
<i>Background and Objectives:</i> Long COVID-19 syndrome may cause difficulties in functionality during daily life in young people. Our objective was to investigate the respiratory and functional sequelae in young adults with asymptomatic or mild COVID-19 compared with healthy peers 3–6...
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MDPI AG
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Medicina |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1648-9144/61/1/86 |
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| author | Büşra Ülker Ekşi Eylül Pınar Kısa Özge Ertan Harputlu Begüm Kara Kaya Zeynep Hoşbay Buket Akıncı |
| author_facet | Büşra Ülker Ekşi Eylül Pınar Kısa Özge Ertan Harputlu Begüm Kara Kaya Zeynep Hoşbay Buket Akıncı |
| author_sort | Büşra Ülker Ekşi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <i>Background and Objectives:</i> Long COVID-19 syndrome may cause difficulties in functionality during daily life in young people. Our objective was to investigate the respiratory and functional sequelae in young adults with asymptomatic or mild COVID-19 compared with healthy peers 3–6 months and 6–12 months after COVID-19 infection. <i>Materials and Methods:</i> Participants aged 18–25 who had COVID-19 within the last 3–6 months (Post-COVID Group 1, n = 25) and 6–12 months (Post-COVID Group 2, n = 25) and age–gender-matched healthy controls (n = 25) were included in this study. Respiratory functions and muscle strength were measured. Physical function was assessed with 6 min walking test (6MWT) and an Incremental Shuttle Walk Test (ISWT). The 1 min sit-to-stand test (1-MSTST) and hand grip strength (HGS) were used to assess muscle performance. Fatigue and dyspnea severity were questioned. <i>Results:</i> The FVC%pred (<i>p</i> = 0.023) and MEP (<i>p</i> = 0.034) were higher, and 1-MSTST repetitions were lower in Post-COVID Group-1 compared to Post-COVID Group-2 (<i>p</i> = 0.029). The PEF%pred (<i>p</i> = 0.025), MEP (<i>p</i> = 0.001), and ISWT distance were lower in Post-COVID Group-2 compared to healthy controls. The number of 1-MSTST repetitions and 6MWT distance were lower in Post-COVID Group-1 (<i>p</i> = 0.003, <i>p</i> = 0.001) and Post-COVID Group-2 (<i>p</i> = 0.003, <i>p</i> = 0.017) than in healthy controls. Exercise-induced blood lactate change during the ISWT, HGS, fatigue, and dyspnea were not significantly different between post-COVID groups and healthy controls. <i>Conclusions:</i> Young adults who pass asymptomatic or mild SARS-CoV-2 infection exhibit a decline in FVC%pred, PEF%pred, lower extremity muscle performance, and physical function within 3–6 months. In addition, the deterioration in respiratory and physical functions becomes apparent within 6–12 months. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-391d619070c24fd1870d5606c1b6dcef |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1010-660X 1648-9144 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Medicina |
| spelling | doaj-art-391d619070c24fd1870d5606c1b6dcef2025-01-24T13:40:32ZengMDPI AGMedicina1010-660X1648-91442025-01-016118610.3390/medicina61010086Exploring Medium- and Long-Term Respiratory and Functional Sequelae in Young Adults Post-COVID-19Büşra Ülker Ekşi0Eylül Pınar Kısa1Özge Ertan Harputlu2Begüm Kara Kaya3Zeynep Hoşbay4Buket Akıncı5Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Graduate Education Institute, Biruni University, 34015 Istanbul, TurkeyDepartment of Ergotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, İstanbul Medipol University, 34810 Istanbul, TurkeyDepartment of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Institute of Graduate Studies, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, 34320 Istanbul, TurkeyDepartment of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation (English), Faculty of Health Sciences, Biruni University, 34015 Istanbul, TurkeyBiruni University Research Center (B@MER), Biruni University, 34015 Istanbul, TurkeyDepartment of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation (English), Faculty of Health Sciences, Biruni University, 34015 Istanbul, Turkey<i>Background and Objectives:</i> Long COVID-19 syndrome may cause difficulties in functionality during daily life in young people. Our objective was to investigate the respiratory and functional sequelae in young adults with asymptomatic or mild COVID-19 compared with healthy peers 3–6 months and 6–12 months after COVID-19 infection. <i>Materials and Methods:</i> Participants aged 18–25 who had COVID-19 within the last 3–6 months (Post-COVID Group 1, n = 25) and 6–12 months (Post-COVID Group 2, n = 25) and age–gender-matched healthy controls (n = 25) were included in this study. Respiratory functions and muscle strength were measured. Physical function was assessed with 6 min walking test (6MWT) and an Incremental Shuttle Walk Test (ISWT). The 1 min sit-to-stand test (1-MSTST) and hand grip strength (HGS) were used to assess muscle performance. Fatigue and dyspnea severity were questioned. <i>Results:</i> The FVC%pred (<i>p</i> = 0.023) and MEP (<i>p</i> = 0.034) were higher, and 1-MSTST repetitions were lower in Post-COVID Group-1 compared to Post-COVID Group-2 (<i>p</i> = 0.029). The PEF%pred (<i>p</i> = 0.025), MEP (<i>p</i> = 0.001), and ISWT distance were lower in Post-COVID Group-2 compared to healthy controls. The number of 1-MSTST repetitions and 6MWT distance were lower in Post-COVID Group-1 (<i>p</i> = 0.003, <i>p</i> = 0.001) and Post-COVID Group-2 (<i>p</i> = 0.003, <i>p</i> = 0.017) than in healthy controls. Exercise-induced blood lactate change during the ISWT, HGS, fatigue, and dyspnea were not significantly different between post-COVID groups and healthy controls. <i>Conclusions:</i> Young adults who pass asymptomatic or mild SARS-CoV-2 infection exhibit a decline in FVC%pred, PEF%pred, lower extremity muscle performance, and physical function within 3–6 months. In addition, the deterioration in respiratory and physical functions becomes apparent within 6–12 months.https://www.mdpi.com/1648-9144/61/1/86long COVID-19post-COVIDrespiratory functionphysical function |
| spellingShingle | Büşra Ülker Ekşi Eylül Pınar Kısa Özge Ertan Harputlu Begüm Kara Kaya Zeynep Hoşbay Buket Akıncı Exploring Medium- and Long-Term Respiratory and Functional Sequelae in Young Adults Post-COVID-19 Medicina long COVID-19 post-COVID respiratory function physical function |
| title | Exploring Medium- and Long-Term Respiratory and Functional Sequelae in Young Adults Post-COVID-19 |
| title_full | Exploring Medium- and Long-Term Respiratory and Functional Sequelae in Young Adults Post-COVID-19 |
| title_fullStr | Exploring Medium- and Long-Term Respiratory and Functional Sequelae in Young Adults Post-COVID-19 |
| title_full_unstemmed | Exploring Medium- and Long-Term Respiratory and Functional Sequelae in Young Adults Post-COVID-19 |
| title_short | Exploring Medium- and Long-Term Respiratory and Functional Sequelae in Young Adults Post-COVID-19 |
| title_sort | exploring medium and long term respiratory and functional sequelae in young adults post covid 19 |
| topic | long COVID-19 post-COVID respiratory function physical function |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1648-9144/61/1/86 |
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