Thermal Variability in the Martian Upper Atmosphere within the Crustal Magnetic Field Region Induced by Gravity Wave Dissipation Due to Ion-drag Effect
Mars Atmosphere and Volatile Evolution detected a significant temperature increase of approximately 20–40 K in the upper atmosphere within the strong crustal magnetic field (CF) region during two deep dip campaigns. Previous studies were unable to fully explain this thermal variation. Atmospheric gr...
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2025-01-01
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| Series: | The Astronomical Journal |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ada4b1 |
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| author | Xing Wang Xiaojun Xu Jun Cui Siqi Yi Hao Gu Zilu Zhou Hengyan Man Lei Luo Peishan He Pu Yang |
| author_facet | Xing Wang Xiaojun Xu Jun Cui Siqi Yi Hao Gu Zilu Zhou Hengyan Man Lei Luo Peishan He Pu Yang |
| author_sort | Xing Wang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Mars Atmosphere and Volatile Evolution detected a significant temperature increase of approximately 20–40 K in the upper atmosphere within the strong crustal magnetic field (CF) region during two deep dip campaigns. Previous studies were unable to fully explain this thermal variation. Atmospheric gravity waves are an underlying mechanism, attributed to the ion-drag effect. During this effect process, the collisions between neutral particles and ions transfer wave momentum along the magnetic field lines, and lead to wave dissipation and energy release to heat or cool the background atmosphere. We developed a one-dimensional linear wave model to describe the effect of ion-drag on wave propagation and dissipation in the Martian upper atmosphere. Our results show that the ion-drag effect influences wave propagation primarily above 160 km in the CF region and around 200 km in the noncrustal magnetic field (NCF) region. The total wave energy flux driven by the ion-drag effect in the CF region is approximately 10 ^8 eV cm ^−2 s ^−1 , with heating rates of 10–60 K per sol and cooling rates up to 40 K per sol above 155 km. Wave-driven temperature enhancements in the CF region due to the ion-drag effect are a few Kelvins higher than in the NCF regions, though still smaller than the observed 20–40 K. Additional wave processes, including wave breaking and multiwave dissipation, may contribute to the observed thermal variability and should be considered in future studies. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-37ef7712fc424b749200ccbb7143456d |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1538-3881 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | IOP Publishing |
| record_format | Article |
| series | The Astronomical Journal |
| spelling | doaj-art-37ef7712fc424b749200ccbb7143456d2025-02-03T13:46:41ZengIOP PublishingThe Astronomical Journal1538-38812025-01-01169210810.3847/1538-3881/ada4b1Thermal Variability in the Martian Upper Atmosphere within the Crustal Magnetic Field Region Induced by Gravity Wave Dissipation Due to Ion-drag EffectXing Wang0https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6369-4669Xiaojun Xu1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2309-0649Jun Cui2https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4721-8184Siqi Yi3https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2596-5664Hao Gu4https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9831-0618Zilu Zhou5https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4463-8407Hengyan Man6https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5869-4899Lei Luo7https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7738-1564Peishan He8https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6721-0497Pu Yang9https://orcid.org/0009-0005-1591-2947State Key Laboratory of Lunar and Planetary Sciences, Macau University of Science and Technology , Taipa 999078, Macao, People’s Republic of China ; xjxu@must.edu.mo; CNSA Macau Center for Space Exploration and Science , Taipa 999078, Macao, People’s Republic of ChinaState Key Laboratory of Lunar and Planetary Sciences, Macau University of Science and Technology , Taipa 999078, Macao, People’s Republic of China ; xjxu@must.edu.mo; CNSA Macau Center for Space Exploration and Science , Taipa 999078, Macao, People’s Republic of ChinaPlanetary Environmental and Astrobiological Research Laboratory (PEARL), School of Atmospheric Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University , Zhuhai 519082, People’s Republic of China; Center for Excellence in Comparative Planetology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Hefei 230026, People’s Republic of ChinaState Key Laboratory of Lunar and Planetary Sciences, Macau University of Science and Technology , Taipa 999078, Macao, People’s Republic of China ; xjxu@must.edu.mo; CNSA Macau Center for Space Exploration and Science , Taipa 999078, Macao, People’s Republic of ChinaPlanetary Environmental and Astrobiological Research Laboratory (PEARL), School of Atmospheric Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University , Zhuhai 519082, People’s Republic of ChinaState Key Laboratory of Lunar and Planetary Sciences, Macau University of Science and Technology , Taipa 999078, Macao, People’s Republic of China ; xjxu@must.edu.mo; CNSA Macau Center for Space Exploration and Science , Taipa 999078, Macao, People’s Republic of ChinaState Key Laboratory of Lunar and Planetary Sciences, Macau University of Science and Technology , Taipa 999078, Macao, People’s Republic of China ; xjxu@must.edu.mo; CNSA Macau Center for Space Exploration and Science , Taipa 999078, Macao, People’s Republic of ChinaState Key Laboratory of Lunar and Planetary Sciences, Macau University of Science and Technology , Taipa 999078, Macao, People’s Republic of China ; xjxu@must.edu.mo; CNSA Macau Center for Space Exploration and Science , Taipa 999078, Macao, People’s Republic of ChinaState Key Laboratory of Lunar and Planetary Sciences, Macau University of Science and Technology , Taipa 999078, Macao, People’s Republic of China ; xjxu@must.edu.mo; CNSA Macau Center for Space Exploration and Science , Taipa 999078, Macao, People’s Republic of ChinaState Key Laboratory of Lunar and Planetary Sciences, Macau University of Science and Technology , Taipa 999078, Macao, People’s Republic of China ; xjxu@must.edu.mo; CNSA Macau Center for Space Exploration and Science , Taipa 999078, Macao, People’s Republic of ChinaMars Atmosphere and Volatile Evolution detected a significant temperature increase of approximately 20–40 K in the upper atmosphere within the strong crustal magnetic field (CF) region during two deep dip campaigns. Previous studies were unable to fully explain this thermal variation. Atmospheric gravity waves are an underlying mechanism, attributed to the ion-drag effect. During this effect process, the collisions between neutral particles and ions transfer wave momentum along the magnetic field lines, and lead to wave dissipation and energy release to heat or cool the background atmosphere. We developed a one-dimensional linear wave model to describe the effect of ion-drag on wave propagation and dissipation in the Martian upper atmosphere. Our results show that the ion-drag effect influences wave propagation primarily above 160 km in the CF region and around 200 km in the noncrustal magnetic field (NCF) region. The total wave energy flux driven by the ion-drag effect in the CF region is approximately 10 ^8 eV cm ^−2 s ^−1 , with heating rates of 10–60 K per sol and cooling rates up to 40 K per sol above 155 km. Wave-driven temperature enhancements in the CF region due to the ion-drag effect are a few Kelvins higher than in the NCF regions, though still smaller than the observed 20–40 K. Additional wave processes, including wave breaking and multiwave dissipation, may contribute to the observed thermal variability and should be considered in future studies.https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ada4b1MarsUpper atmospherePlanetary ionospheresInternal waves |
| spellingShingle | Xing Wang Xiaojun Xu Jun Cui Siqi Yi Hao Gu Zilu Zhou Hengyan Man Lei Luo Peishan He Pu Yang Thermal Variability in the Martian Upper Atmosphere within the Crustal Magnetic Field Region Induced by Gravity Wave Dissipation Due to Ion-drag Effect The Astronomical Journal Mars Upper atmosphere Planetary ionospheres Internal waves |
| title | Thermal Variability in the Martian Upper Atmosphere within the Crustal Magnetic Field Region Induced by Gravity Wave Dissipation Due to Ion-drag Effect |
| title_full | Thermal Variability in the Martian Upper Atmosphere within the Crustal Magnetic Field Region Induced by Gravity Wave Dissipation Due to Ion-drag Effect |
| title_fullStr | Thermal Variability in the Martian Upper Atmosphere within the Crustal Magnetic Field Region Induced by Gravity Wave Dissipation Due to Ion-drag Effect |
| title_full_unstemmed | Thermal Variability in the Martian Upper Atmosphere within the Crustal Magnetic Field Region Induced by Gravity Wave Dissipation Due to Ion-drag Effect |
| title_short | Thermal Variability in the Martian Upper Atmosphere within the Crustal Magnetic Field Region Induced by Gravity Wave Dissipation Due to Ion-drag Effect |
| title_sort | thermal variability in the martian upper atmosphere within the crustal magnetic field region induced by gravity wave dissipation due to ion drag effect |
| topic | Mars Upper atmosphere Planetary ionospheres Internal waves |
| url | https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ada4b1 |
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