Biomolecular condensates: Formation mechanisms, biological functions, and therapeutic targets
Abstract Biomolecular condensates are cellular structures composed of membraneless assemblies comprising proteins or nucleic acids. The formation of these condensates requires components to change from a state of solubility separation from the surrounding environment by undergoing phase transition a...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2023-04-01
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| Series: | MedComm |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1002/mco2.223 |
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| author | Xin Niu Lei Zhang Yuchen Wu Zhi Zong Bin Wang Jisheng Liu Long Zhang Fangfang Zhou |
| author_facet | Xin Niu Lei Zhang Yuchen Wu Zhi Zong Bin Wang Jisheng Liu Long Zhang Fangfang Zhou |
| author_sort | Xin Niu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Biomolecular condensates are cellular structures composed of membraneless assemblies comprising proteins or nucleic acids. The formation of these condensates requires components to change from a state of solubility separation from the surrounding environment by undergoing phase transition and condensation. Over the past decade, it has become widely appreciated that biomolecular condensates are ubiquitous in eukaryotic cells and play a vital role in physiological and pathological processes. These condensates may provide promising targets for the clinic research. Recently, a series of pathological and physiological processes have been found associated with the dysfunction of condensates, and a range of targets and methods have been demonstrated to modulate the formation of these condensates. A more extensive description of biomolecular condensates is urgently needed for the development of novel therapies. In this review, we summarized the current understanding of biomolecular condensates and the molecular mechanisms of their formation. Moreover, we reviewed the functions of condensates and therapeutic targets for diseases. We further highlighted the available regulatory targets and methods, discussed the significance and challenges of targeting these condensates. Reviewing the latest developments in biomolecular condensate research could be essential in translating our current knowledge on the use of condensates for clinical therapeutic strategies. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-3779bc578a6f45cd9993be35340ec434 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2688-2663 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2023-04-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | MedComm |
| spelling | doaj-art-3779bc578a6f45cd9993be35340ec4342025-01-24T05:36:29ZengWileyMedComm2688-26632023-04-0142n/an/a10.1002/mco2.223Biomolecular condensates: Formation mechanisms, biological functions, and therapeutic targetsXin Niu0Lei Zhang1Yuchen Wu2Zhi Zong3Bin Wang4Jisheng Liu5Long Zhang6Fangfang Zhou7Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University SuzhouChinaDepartment of Orthopedics The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University WenzhouChinaDepartment of Clinical Medicine, The First School of Medicine Wenzhou Medical University Wenzhou ChinaMOE Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and Innovation Center for Cell Signaling NetworkLife Sciences InstituteZhejiang University HangzhouChinaMOE Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and Innovation Center for Cell Signaling NetworkLife Sciences InstituteZhejiang University HangzhouChinaDepartment of Otolaryngology Head and Neck SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University SuzhouChinaMOE Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and Innovation Center for Cell Signaling NetworkLife Sciences InstituteZhejiang University HangzhouChinaInstitutes of Biology and Medical Science Soochow University Suzhou ChinaAbstract Biomolecular condensates are cellular structures composed of membraneless assemblies comprising proteins or nucleic acids. The formation of these condensates requires components to change from a state of solubility separation from the surrounding environment by undergoing phase transition and condensation. Over the past decade, it has become widely appreciated that biomolecular condensates are ubiquitous in eukaryotic cells and play a vital role in physiological and pathological processes. These condensates may provide promising targets for the clinic research. Recently, a series of pathological and physiological processes have been found associated with the dysfunction of condensates, and a range of targets and methods have been demonstrated to modulate the formation of these condensates. A more extensive description of biomolecular condensates is urgently needed for the development of novel therapies. In this review, we summarized the current understanding of biomolecular condensates and the molecular mechanisms of their formation. Moreover, we reviewed the functions of condensates and therapeutic targets for diseases. We further highlighted the available regulatory targets and methods, discussed the significance and challenges of targeting these condensates. Reviewing the latest developments in biomolecular condensate research could be essential in translating our current knowledge on the use of condensates for clinical therapeutic strategies.https://doi.org/10.1002/mco2.223biomolecular condensatesnovel therapiesphase separation |
| spellingShingle | Xin Niu Lei Zhang Yuchen Wu Zhi Zong Bin Wang Jisheng Liu Long Zhang Fangfang Zhou Biomolecular condensates: Formation mechanisms, biological functions, and therapeutic targets MedComm biomolecular condensates novel therapies phase separation |
| title | Biomolecular condensates: Formation mechanisms, biological functions, and therapeutic targets |
| title_full | Biomolecular condensates: Formation mechanisms, biological functions, and therapeutic targets |
| title_fullStr | Biomolecular condensates: Formation mechanisms, biological functions, and therapeutic targets |
| title_full_unstemmed | Biomolecular condensates: Formation mechanisms, biological functions, and therapeutic targets |
| title_short | Biomolecular condensates: Formation mechanisms, biological functions, and therapeutic targets |
| title_sort | biomolecular condensates formation mechanisms biological functions and therapeutic targets |
| topic | biomolecular condensates novel therapies phase separation |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1002/mco2.223 |
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