Evaluation of the merit of ethanolic extract of Annona reticulata as an anti-cancer agent in human colon cancer cell lines (HCT-116) [version 2; peer review: 2 approved, 1 not approved]
Background Colon cancer is the third most common cancer type worldwide. Novel alternative therapeutic anti-cancer drugs against colon cancer with less toxicity are to be explored . This study was aimed to explore the anti-proliferative and anti-migratory activity of various fractions of Annona retic...
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F1000 Research Ltd
2024-06-01
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| author | Sri Pragnya Cheruku Krishnananda Prabhu Akshatha G Nayak Vijetha Shenoy Belle Vanishree Rao Pooja Prakash Rao Nitesh Kumar |
| author_facet | Sri Pragnya Cheruku Krishnananda Prabhu Akshatha G Nayak Vijetha Shenoy Belle Vanishree Rao Pooja Prakash Rao Nitesh Kumar |
| author_sort | Sri Pragnya Cheruku |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background Colon cancer is the third most common cancer type worldwide. Novel alternative therapeutic anti-cancer drugs against colon cancer with less toxicity are to be explored . This study was aimed to explore the anti-proliferative and anti-migratory activity of various fractions of Annona reticulata ethanolic leaf extract on human colon cancer cell lines (HCT-116) and to explore the potential molecular targets from the most potent plant extract fraction. Methods After obtaining ethical clearance from the institutional ethics committee, the extract and fractions were prepared and a preliminary analysis of the phytochemical was done qualitatively. Total phenolic and flavonoids were determined. Ethanolic leaf extract and its fractions were subjected to cytotoxicity analysis using the sulforhodamine B assay and the most promising fraction which showed the highest viability was selected to study anti-migratory activity. The anti-migratory effect was studied using a scratch wound healing assay. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was done to identify the major phytocompounds present in the fraction. The major five phytocompounds identified from the GC-MS were subjected to bioinformatics analysis. Result Among the four fractions, the petroleum ether fraction exhibited the highest anti-proliferative activity. The migration of colon cancer cells was significantly inhibited by the extract and petroleum ether fraction. The major phytocompounds identified from GC-MS were phytol (13.03%), 2,6-bis (3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl)-3,7-dioxabicyclo (3.3.0) octane (11.95%), gamma.-sitosterol (10.45%), alpha.-tocopherol-beta.-D-mannoside (7.50%) and 3-amino-4-piperonyl-5-pyrazolone (5.84%). The bioinformatics analysis of these phytochemicals showed a high potential to affect the levels of key proteins driving colon cancer progression, inhibiting the enzymes and proteins overexpressed in cancer. Conclusion The outcome of this study endorses the potential of phytochemicals of the petroleum ether fraction of ethanolic leaf extract of Annona reticulata for the development of a new chemotherapeutic agent in the treatment of colon cancer. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-35f651c10349487992226d40263ef0de |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2046-1402 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-06-01 |
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| spelling | doaj-art-35f651c10349487992226d40263ef0de2025-01-25T01:00:00ZengF1000 Research LtdF1000Research2046-14022024-06-0112167401Evaluation of the merit of ethanolic extract of Annona reticulata as an anti-cancer agent in human colon cancer cell lines (HCT-116) [version 2; peer review: 2 approved, 1 not approved]Sri Pragnya Cheruku0Krishnananda Prabhu1https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3479-9597Akshatha G Nayak2Vijetha Shenoy Belle3https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3319-9661Vanishree Rao4Pooja Prakash Rao5Nitesh Kumar6https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4929-3954Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, IndiaDepartment of Biochemistry, Kastubra Medical College Manipal, Maniapl Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, IndiaDivision of Biochemistry, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, IndiaDepartment of Biochemistry, Kastubra Medical College Manipal, Maniapl Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, IndiaDepartment of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, IndiaDepartment of Biochemistry, Kastubra Medical College Manipal, Maniapl Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, IndiaDepartment of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hajipur, Export Promotions Industrial Park (EPIP), Industrial Area Hajipur, Vaishali, Bihar, IndiaBackground Colon cancer is the third most common cancer type worldwide. Novel alternative therapeutic anti-cancer drugs against colon cancer with less toxicity are to be explored . This study was aimed to explore the anti-proliferative and anti-migratory activity of various fractions of Annona reticulata ethanolic leaf extract on human colon cancer cell lines (HCT-116) and to explore the potential molecular targets from the most potent plant extract fraction. Methods After obtaining ethical clearance from the institutional ethics committee, the extract and fractions were prepared and a preliminary analysis of the phytochemical was done qualitatively. Total phenolic and flavonoids were determined. Ethanolic leaf extract and its fractions were subjected to cytotoxicity analysis using the sulforhodamine B assay and the most promising fraction which showed the highest viability was selected to study anti-migratory activity. The anti-migratory effect was studied using a scratch wound healing assay. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was done to identify the major phytocompounds present in the fraction. The major five phytocompounds identified from the GC-MS were subjected to bioinformatics analysis. Result Among the four fractions, the petroleum ether fraction exhibited the highest anti-proliferative activity. The migration of colon cancer cells was significantly inhibited by the extract and petroleum ether fraction. The major phytocompounds identified from GC-MS were phytol (13.03%), 2,6-bis (3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl)-3,7-dioxabicyclo (3.3.0) octane (11.95%), gamma.-sitosterol (10.45%), alpha.-tocopherol-beta.-D-mannoside (7.50%) and 3-amino-4-piperonyl-5-pyrazolone (5.84%). The bioinformatics analysis of these phytochemicals showed a high potential to affect the levels of key proteins driving colon cancer progression, inhibiting the enzymes and proteins overexpressed in cancer. Conclusion The outcome of this study endorses the potential of phytochemicals of the petroleum ether fraction of ethanolic leaf extract of Annona reticulata for the development of a new chemotherapeutic agent in the treatment of colon cancer.https://f1000research.com/articles/12-1571/v2Anti-cancer anti-migratory colon cancer Annona reticulata Phytocompounds Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometryeng |
| spellingShingle | Sri Pragnya Cheruku Krishnananda Prabhu Akshatha G Nayak Vijetha Shenoy Belle Vanishree Rao Pooja Prakash Rao Nitesh Kumar Evaluation of the merit of ethanolic extract of Annona reticulata as an anti-cancer agent in human colon cancer cell lines (HCT-116) [version 2; peer review: 2 approved, 1 not approved] F1000Research Anti-cancer anti-migratory colon cancer Annona reticulata Phytocompounds Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry eng |
| title | Evaluation of the merit of ethanolic extract of Annona reticulata as an anti-cancer agent in human colon cancer cell lines (HCT-116) [version 2; peer review: 2 approved, 1 not approved] |
| title_full | Evaluation of the merit of ethanolic extract of Annona reticulata as an anti-cancer agent in human colon cancer cell lines (HCT-116) [version 2; peer review: 2 approved, 1 not approved] |
| title_fullStr | Evaluation of the merit of ethanolic extract of Annona reticulata as an anti-cancer agent in human colon cancer cell lines (HCT-116) [version 2; peer review: 2 approved, 1 not approved] |
| title_full_unstemmed | Evaluation of the merit of ethanolic extract of Annona reticulata as an anti-cancer agent in human colon cancer cell lines (HCT-116) [version 2; peer review: 2 approved, 1 not approved] |
| title_short | Evaluation of the merit of ethanolic extract of Annona reticulata as an anti-cancer agent in human colon cancer cell lines (HCT-116) [version 2; peer review: 2 approved, 1 not approved] |
| title_sort | evaluation of the merit of ethanolic extract of annona reticulata as an anti cancer agent in human colon cancer cell lines hct 116 version 2 peer review 2 approved 1 not approved |
| topic | Anti-cancer anti-migratory colon cancer Annona reticulata Phytocompounds Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry eng |
| url | https://f1000research.com/articles/12-1571/v2 |
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