Field apple scab susceptibility of a diverse Malus germplasm collection identifies potential sources of resistance for apple breeding
Abstract Background Breeding for resistance to apple scab (caused by Venturia inaequalis), the most devastating fungal disease of apples, relies on genetic resources maintained in germplasm collections. Methods To identify new sources of scab resistance, we evaluated 177 Malus accessions, including...
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CABI
2020-10-01
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| Series: | CABI Agriculture and Bioscience |
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| Online Access: | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s43170-020-00017-4 |
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| author | David Papp Liqiang Gao Ranjita Thapa Dan Olmstead Awais Khan |
| author_facet | David Papp Liqiang Gao Ranjita Thapa Dan Olmstead Awais Khan |
| author_sort | David Papp |
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| description | Abstract Background Breeding for resistance to apple scab (caused by Venturia inaequalis), the most devastating fungal disease of apples, relies on genetic resources maintained in germplasm collections. Methods To identify new sources of scab resistance, we evaluated 177 Malus accessions, including 27 primary and 13 hybrid Malus species from diverse geographical origins, in an orchard at Geneva, New York. We also screened a differential host set for 2 years to monitor for changes in the effectiveness of ten known scab resistance genes, which allowed us to confirm the presence of virulent pathogen races in the orchard. Results We found that ~ 37% of the wild Malus accessions and domesticated cultivars were resistant to apple scab in the field. Several of these accessions were unrelated to sources of previously known resistance genes and are promising for apple scab genetic research and resistance breeding. Cultivars carrying the Rvi6 (Vf) gene from Malus floribunda clone 821, e.g. ‘Liberty’ or ‘Florina’, remained resistant despite the breakdown of Rvi6. ‘Demir’, a Malus hybrid from Turkey, and ‘Chisel Jersey’, a traditional English hard cider cultivar, showed fewer symptoms than the Rvi6 resistant cultivar ‘Prima’. Races 1 to 7 and 9 of V. inaequalis were present in the orchard, but no scab was observed on the indicator host accessions for races 11 and 12. Conclusions Detailed and systematic screening of Malus germplasm identified resistant and moderately resistant donor accessions based on resistance reaction types. These accessions are promising for use in future genetic studies to identify novel sources of scab resistance alleles for apple breeding to develop cultivars with durable apple scab resistance. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-3556add4d95143248f06b0280c1e6c21 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2662-4044 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2020-10-01 |
| publisher | CABI |
| record_format | Article |
| series | CABI Agriculture and Bioscience |
| spelling | doaj-art-3556add4d95143248f06b0280c1e6c212025-02-02T08:26:31ZengCABICABI Agriculture and Bioscience2662-40442020-10-011111410.1186/s43170-020-00017-4Field apple scab susceptibility of a diverse Malus germplasm collection identifies potential sources of resistance for apple breedingDavid Papp0Liqiang Gao1Ranjita Thapa2Dan Olmstead3Awais Khan4Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology Section, Cornell UniversityPlant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology Section, Cornell UniversityPlant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology Section, Cornell UniversityNew York State Integrated Pest Management Program, Cornell UniversityPlant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology Section, Cornell UniversityAbstract Background Breeding for resistance to apple scab (caused by Venturia inaequalis), the most devastating fungal disease of apples, relies on genetic resources maintained in germplasm collections. Methods To identify new sources of scab resistance, we evaluated 177 Malus accessions, including 27 primary and 13 hybrid Malus species from diverse geographical origins, in an orchard at Geneva, New York. We also screened a differential host set for 2 years to monitor for changes in the effectiveness of ten known scab resistance genes, which allowed us to confirm the presence of virulent pathogen races in the orchard. Results We found that ~ 37% of the wild Malus accessions and domesticated cultivars were resistant to apple scab in the field. Several of these accessions were unrelated to sources of previously known resistance genes and are promising for apple scab genetic research and resistance breeding. Cultivars carrying the Rvi6 (Vf) gene from Malus floribunda clone 821, e.g. ‘Liberty’ or ‘Florina’, remained resistant despite the breakdown of Rvi6. ‘Demir’, a Malus hybrid from Turkey, and ‘Chisel Jersey’, a traditional English hard cider cultivar, showed fewer symptoms than the Rvi6 resistant cultivar ‘Prima’. Races 1 to 7 and 9 of V. inaequalis were present in the orchard, but no scab was observed on the indicator host accessions for races 11 and 12. Conclusions Detailed and systematic screening of Malus germplasm identified resistant and moderately resistant donor accessions based on resistance reaction types. These accessions are promising for use in future genetic studies to identify novel sources of scab resistance alleles for apple breeding to develop cultivars with durable apple scab resistance.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s43170-020-00017-4Venturia inaequalisDisease resistanceCore collectionDifferential hosts |
| spellingShingle | David Papp Liqiang Gao Ranjita Thapa Dan Olmstead Awais Khan Field apple scab susceptibility of a diverse Malus germplasm collection identifies potential sources of resistance for apple breeding CABI Agriculture and Bioscience Venturia inaequalis Disease resistance Core collection Differential hosts |
| title | Field apple scab susceptibility of a diverse Malus germplasm collection identifies potential sources of resistance for apple breeding |
| title_full | Field apple scab susceptibility of a diverse Malus germplasm collection identifies potential sources of resistance for apple breeding |
| title_fullStr | Field apple scab susceptibility of a diverse Malus germplasm collection identifies potential sources of resistance for apple breeding |
| title_full_unstemmed | Field apple scab susceptibility of a diverse Malus germplasm collection identifies potential sources of resistance for apple breeding |
| title_short | Field apple scab susceptibility of a diverse Malus germplasm collection identifies potential sources of resistance for apple breeding |
| title_sort | field apple scab susceptibility of a diverse malus germplasm collection identifies potential sources of resistance for apple breeding |
| topic | Venturia inaequalis Disease resistance Core collection Differential hosts |
| url | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s43170-020-00017-4 |
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