Internal Offloading or Surgical Offloading Adjuvant Techniques in the Reconstruction of Diabetic Plantar First Metatarsal Head Ulcer For Lasting Results

Introduction Management of diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) is subverted by recurrences. The main cause for the recurrence of DFUs is the failure to recognize and address all the faulty biomechanics precipitating and perpetuating the ulcer. So, we have devised a protocol for treating the diabetic plantar...

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Main Authors: Thalaivirithan Margabandu Balakrishnan, Srividya Madhurbootheswaran, Vanya Butcha, Anjana Elangovan, J. Jaganmohan
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Thieme Medical and Scientific Publishers Pvt. Ltd. 2022-12-01
Series:Indian Journal of Plastic Surgery
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Online Access:http://www.thieme-connect.de/DOI/DOI?10.1055/s-0042-1756135
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author Thalaivirithan Margabandu Balakrishnan
Srividya Madhurbootheswaran
Vanya Butcha
Anjana Elangovan
J. Jaganmohan
author_facet Thalaivirithan Margabandu Balakrishnan
Srividya Madhurbootheswaran
Vanya Butcha
Anjana Elangovan
J. Jaganmohan
author_sort Thalaivirithan Margabandu Balakrishnan
collection DOAJ
description Introduction Management of diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) is subverted by recurrences. The main cause for the recurrence of DFUs is the failure to recognize and address all the faulty biomechanics precipitating and perpetuating the ulcer. So, we have devised a protocol for treating the diabetic plantar first metatarsal head ulcer (DPFMHUs) incorporating structured internal offloading procedures in conjunction with reconstruction. Aim The aim of this study was to evaluate our protocol in the management of DPFMHUs. Materials and Methods Fifty-one patients (31 males and 20 females) with DPFMHUs were managed with our protocol in this prospective cohort study conducted from March 2015 to March 2020. All the faulty biomechanics were addressed by tailored internal offloading procedure as per the protocol. Results All patients were followed up for an average period of 23.7 months. Early complications were in the form of wound infection (3 patients, 5.9%) and seroma/hematoma (2 patients, 3.9%). Late complication in the form of recurrence was seen only in one patient (1.9%); rest of the patients had no recurrence (98%). Transfer lesions were noted in six patients (11.8%). Conclusion Our tailored protocol, which addresses all the faulty biomechanics associated with the DPFMHU, may be very helpful in preventing the recurrence and to give lasting results. It is imperative to design a tailored internal/surgical offloading procedure for all deforming forces that are responsible for precipitation and perpetuation of DPFMHUs, in addition to like tissue reconstruction.
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spelling doaj-art-3473be7c311444d3a005d83a0fc5d6ad2025-08-20T02:01:45ZengThieme Medical and Scientific Publishers Pvt. Ltd.Indian Journal of Plastic Surgery0970-03581998-376X2022-12-01550433935010.1055/s-0042-1756135Internal Offloading or Surgical Offloading Adjuvant Techniques in the Reconstruction of Diabetic Plantar First Metatarsal Head Ulcer For Lasting ResultsThalaivirithan Margabandu Balakrishnan0Srividya Madhurbootheswaran1Vanya Butcha2Anjana Elangovan3J. Jaganmohan4Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Faciomaxillary Surgery, Madras Medical College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, IndiaDepartment of Plastic, Reconstructive and Faciomaxillary Surgery, Madras Medical College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, IndiaDepartment of Plastic, Reconstructive and Faciomaxillary Surgery, Madras Medical College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, IndiaDepartment of Plastic, Reconstructive and Faciomaxillary Surgery, Madras Medical College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, IndiaDepartment of Plastic, Reconstructive and Faciomaxillary Surgery, Madras Medical College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, IndiaIntroduction Management of diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) is subverted by recurrences. The main cause for the recurrence of DFUs is the failure to recognize and address all the faulty biomechanics precipitating and perpetuating the ulcer. So, we have devised a protocol for treating the diabetic plantar first metatarsal head ulcer (DPFMHUs) incorporating structured internal offloading procedures in conjunction with reconstruction. Aim The aim of this study was to evaluate our protocol in the management of DPFMHUs. Materials and Methods Fifty-one patients (31 males and 20 females) with DPFMHUs were managed with our protocol in this prospective cohort study conducted from March 2015 to March 2020. All the faulty biomechanics were addressed by tailored internal offloading procedure as per the protocol. Results All patients were followed up for an average period of 23.7 months. Early complications were in the form of wound infection (3 patients, 5.9%) and seroma/hematoma (2 patients, 3.9%). Late complication in the form of recurrence was seen only in one patient (1.9%); rest of the patients had no recurrence (98%). Transfer lesions were noted in six patients (11.8%). Conclusion Our tailored protocol, which addresses all the faulty biomechanics associated with the DPFMHU, may be very helpful in preventing the recurrence and to give lasting results. It is imperative to design a tailored internal/surgical offloading procedure for all deforming forces that are responsible for precipitation and perpetuation of DPFMHUs, in addition to like tissue reconstruction.http://www.thieme-connect.de/DOI/DOI?10.1055/s-0042-1756135diabetic footdiabetic foot ulcersplantar first metatarsal head ulcersinternal or surgical offloading
spellingShingle Thalaivirithan Margabandu Balakrishnan
Srividya Madhurbootheswaran
Vanya Butcha
Anjana Elangovan
J. Jaganmohan
Internal Offloading or Surgical Offloading Adjuvant Techniques in the Reconstruction of Diabetic Plantar First Metatarsal Head Ulcer For Lasting Results
Indian Journal of Plastic Surgery
diabetic foot
diabetic foot ulcers
plantar first metatarsal head ulcers
internal or surgical offloading
title Internal Offloading or Surgical Offloading Adjuvant Techniques in the Reconstruction of Diabetic Plantar First Metatarsal Head Ulcer For Lasting Results
title_full Internal Offloading or Surgical Offloading Adjuvant Techniques in the Reconstruction of Diabetic Plantar First Metatarsal Head Ulcer For Lasting Results
title_fullStr Internal Offloading or Surgical Offloading Adjuvant Techniques in the Reconstruction of Diabetic Plantar First Metatarsal Head Ulcer For Lasting Results
title_full_unstemmed Internal Offloading or Surgical Offloading Adjuvant Techniques in the Reconstruction of Diabetic Plantar First Metatarsal Head Ulcer For Lasting Results
title_short Internal Offloading or Surgical Offloading Adjuvant Techniques in the Reconstruction of Diabetic Plantar First Metatarsal Head Ulcer For Lasting Results
title_sort internal offloading or surgical offloading adjuvant techniques in the reconstruction of diabetic plantar first metatarsal head ulcer for lasting results
topic diabetic foot
diabetic foot ulcers
plantar first metatarsal head ulcers
internal or surgical offloading
url http://www.thieme-connect.de/DOI/DOI?10.1055/s-0042-1756135
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