Complex Probiotics Suppress Inflammation by Regulating Intestinal Metabolites in Kittens
Cats are popular companions for humans, and their health is of importance to a growing number of pet owners. The juvenile period is a critical stage of cat growth; in particular, the metabolic activity of the intestinal microbiome of kittens is critical for processing nutrients and supporting overal...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2025-01-01
|
| Series: | Animals |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/15/2/272 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1832589315144679424 |
|---|---|
| author | Shimin Zhu Musu Zha Yanan Xia |
| author_facet | Shimin Zhu Musu Zha Yanan Xia |
| author_sort | Shimin Zhu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Cats are popular companions for humans, and their health is of importance to a growing number of pet owners. The juvenile period is a critical stage of cat growth; in particular, the metabolic activity of the intestinal microbiome of kittens is critical for processing nutrients and supporting overall health. In this study, the effect of complex probiotics on the intestinal health of kittens was explored through a metabolomics analysis. Twenty-four healthy kittens were randomly assigned to two groups (<i>n</i> = 12): the control group was provided a basal diet and the probiotics group was provided the basal diet supplemented with complex probiotics (given at the same time daily). The kittens were acclimatized for 5 days, and the experiment was conducted for 14 days. We collected feces from each kitten on days 1 and 14 for metabolomic analyses. Compared to the control, the probiotics group had significantly higher (<i>p</i> < 0.05) methylmalonylcarnitine, lysyl-hydroxyproline, phenylpropionylglycine, and vitamin K3 levels, and significantly lower (<i>p</i> < 0.05) gamma-glutamyl-L-putrescine, cis-gondoic acid, myristic acid, 12,13-DiHOME, and glycodeoxycholic acid levels. The results of this study suggest that complex probiotics promote intestinal health in kittens by regulating changes in various metabolites in the intestine and may have a mitigating effect on intestinal inflammation. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-3424b9654fc949c9b475f282a6d05ddc |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2076-2615 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Animals |
| spelling | doaj-art-3424b9654fc949c9b475f282a6d05ddc2025-01-24T13:18:22ZengMDPI AGAnimals2076-26152025-01-0115227210.3390/ani15020272Complex Probiotics Suppress Inflammation by Regulating Intestinal Metabolites in KittensShimin Zhu0Musu Zha1Yanan Xia2Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, ChinaKey Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, ChinaKey Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, ChinaCats are popular companions for humans, and their health is of importance to a growing number of pet owners. The juvenile period is a critical stage of cat growth; in particular, the metabolic activity of the intestinal microbiome of kittens is critical for processing nutrients and supporting overall health. In this study, the effect of complex probiotics on the intestinal health of kittens was explored through a metabolomics analysis. Twenty-four healthy kittens were randomly assigned to two groups (<i>n</i> = 12): the control group was provided a basal diet and the probiotics group was provided the basal diet supplemented with complex probiotics (given at the same time daily). The kittens were acclimatized for 5 days, and the experiment was conducted for 14 days. We collected feces from each kitten on days 1 and 14 for metabolomic analyses. Compared to the control, the probiotics group had significantly higher (<i>p</i> < 0.05) methylmalonylcarnitine, lysyl-hydroxyproline, phenylpropionylglycine, and vitamin K3 levels, and significantly lower (<i>p</i> < 0.05) gamma-glutamyl-L-putrescine, cis-gondoic acid, myristic acid, 12,13-DiHOME, and glycodeoxycholic acid levels. The results of this study suggest that complex probiotics promote intestinal health in kittens by regulating changes in various metabolites in the intestine and may have a mitigating effect on intestinal inflammation.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/15/2/272probioticskittenmetabolomicsmetabolites |
| spellingShingle | Shimin Zhu Musu Zha Yanan Xia Complex Probiotics Suppress Inflammation by Regulating Intestinal Metabolites in Kittens Animals probiotics kitten metabolomics metabolites |
| title | Complex Probiotics Suppress Inflammation by Regulating Intestinal Metabolites in Kittens |
| title_full | Complex Probiotics Suppress Inflammation by Regulating Intestinal Metabolites in Kittens |
| title_fullStr | Complex Probiotics Suppress Inflammation by Regulating Intestinal Metabolites in Kittens |
| title_full_unstemmed | Complex Probiotics Suppress Inflammation by Regulating Intestinal Metabolites in Kittens |
| title_short | Complex Probiotics Suppress Inflammation by Regulating Intestinal Metabolites in Kittens |
| title_sort | complex probiotics suppress inflammation by regulating intestinal metabolites in kittens |
| topic | probiotics kitten metabolomics metabolites |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/15/2/272 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT shiminzhu complexprobioticssuppressinflammationbyregulatingintestinalmetabolitesinkittens AT musuzha complexprobioticssuppressinflammationbyregulatingintestinalmetabolitesinkittens AT yananxia complexprobioticssuppressinflammationbyregulatingintestinalmetabolitesinkittens |