Sustained Self-Regulation of Energy Intake: Initial Hunger Improves Insulin Sensitivity
Background. Excessive energy intake has been implicated in diabetes, hypertension, coronary artery disease, and obesity. Dietary restraint has been unsuccessful as a method for the self-regulation of eating. Recognition of initial hunger (IH) is easily learned, can be validated by associated blood g...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Wiley
2010-01-01
|
| Series: | Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2010/286952 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1832553179733032960 |
|---|---|
| author | Mario Ciampolini David Lovell-Smith Riccardo Bianchi Boudewijn de Pont Massimiliano Sifone Martine van Weeren Willem de Hahn Lorenzo Borselli Angelo Pietrobelli |
| author_facet | Mario Ciampolini David Lovell-Smith Riccardo Bianchi Boudewijn de Pont Massimiliano Sifone Martine van Weeren Willem de Hahn Lorenzo Borselli Angelo Pietrobelli |
| author_sort | Mario Ciampolini |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background. Excessive energy intake has been implicated in diabetes, hypertension, coronary artery disease, and obesity. Dietary restraint has been unsuccessful as a method for the self-regulation of eating. Recognition of initial hunger (IH) is easily learned, can be validated by associated blood glucose (BG) concentration, and may improve insulin sensitivity. Objective. To investigate whether the initial hunger meal pattern (IHMP) is associated with improved insulin sensitivity over a 5-month period. Methods. Subjects were trained to recognize and validate sensations of IH, then adjust food intake so that initial hunger was present pre-meal at each meal time (IHMP). The purpose was to provide meal-by-meal subjective feedback for self-regulation of food intake. In a randomised trial, we measured blood glucose and calculated insulin sensitivity in 89 trained adults and 31 not-trained controls, before training in the IHMP and 5 months after training.
Results. In trained subjects, significant decreases were found in insulin sensitivity index, insulin and BG peaks, glycated haemoglobin, mean pre-meal BG, standard deviation of diary BG (BG as recorded by subjects' 7-day diary), energy intake, BMI, and body weight when compared to control subjects. Conclusion. The IHMP improved insulin sensitivity and other cardiovascular risk factors over a 5-month period. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-340c07c03e27475db9b7b5137e60680c |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2090-0724 2090-0732 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2010-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism |
| spelling | doaj-art-340c07c03e27475db9b7b5137e60680c2025-02-03T05:54:41ZengWileyJournal of Nutrition and Metabolism2090-07242090-07322010-01-01201010.1155/2010/286952286952Sustained Self-Regulation of Energy Intake: Initial Hunger Improves Insulin SensitivityMario Ciampolini0David Lovell-Smith1Riccardo Bianchi2Boudewijn de Pont3Massimiliano Sifone4Martine van Weeren5Willem de Hahn6Lorenzo Borselli7Angelo Pietrobelli8Unit of Preventive Gastroenterology, Department of Paediatrics, Università di Firenze, 50132 Florence, ItalyDepartment of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Auckland, Auckland, New ZealandDepartment of Physiology and Pharmacology, Robert F. Furchgott Center for Neural and Behavioral Sciences, State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USAAMC, 1100 DD Amsterdam, The NetherlandsDepartment of Statistics, Università di Firenze, Florence, ItalyAMC, 1100 DD Amsterdam, The NetherlandsAMC, 1100 DD Amsterdam, The NetherlandsUnit of Preventive Gastroenterology, Department of Paediatrics, Università di Firenze, 50132 Florence, ItalyPaediatric Unit, Università di Verona, Verona, ItalyBackground. Excessive energy intake has been implicated in diabetes, hypertension, coronary artery disease, and obesity. Dietary restraint has been unsuccessful as a method for the self-regulation of eating. Recognition of initial hunger (IH) is easily learned, can be validated by associated blood glucose (BG) concentration, and may improve insulin sensitivity. Objective. To investigate whether the initial hunger meal pattern (IHMP) is associated with improved insulin sensitivity over a 5-month period. Methods. Subjects were trained to recognize and validate sensations of IH, then adjust food intake so that initial hunger was present pre-meal at each meal time (IHMP). The purpose was to provide meal-by-meal subjective feedback for self-regulation of food intake. In a randomised trial, we measured blood glucose and calculated insulin sensitivity in 89 trained adults and 31 not-trained controls, before training in the IHMP and 5 months after training. Results. In trained subjects, significant decreases were found in insulin sensitivity index, insulin and BG peaks, glycated haemoglobin, mean pre-meal BG, standard deviation of diary BG (BG as recorded by subjects' 7-day diary), energy intake, BMI, and body weight when compared to control subjects. Conclusion. The IHMP improved insulin sensitivity and other cardiovascular risk factors over a 5-month period.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2010/286952 |
| spellingShingle | Mario Ciampolini David Lovell-Smith Riccardo Bianchi Boudewijn de Pont Massimiliano Sifone Martine van Weeren Willem de Hahn Lorenzo Borselli Angelo Pietrobelli Sustained Self-Regulation of Energy Intake: Initial Hunger Improves Insulin Sensitivity Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism |
| title | Sustained Self-Regulation of Energy Intake: Initial Hunger Improves Insulin Sensitivity |
| title_full | Sustained Self-Regulation of Energy Intake: Initial Hunger Improves Insulin Sensitivity |
| title_fullStr | Sustained Self-Regulation of Energy Intake: Initial Hunger Improves Insulin Sensitivity |
| title_full_unstemmed | Sustained Self-Regulation of Energy Intake: Initial Hunger Improves Insulin Sensitivity |
| title_short | Sustained Self-Regulation of Energy Intake: Initial Hunger Improves Insulin Sensitivity |
| title_sort | sustained self regulation of energy intake initial hunger improves insulin sensitivity |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2010/286952 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT mariociampolini sustainedselfregulationofenergyintakeinitialhungerimprovesinsulinsensitivity AT davidlovellsmith sustainedselfregulationofenergyintakeinitialhungerimprovesinsulinsensitivity AT riccardobianchi sustainedselfregulationofenergyintakeinitialhungerimprovesinsulinsensitivity AT boudewijndepont sustainedselfregulationofenergyintakeinitialhungerimprovesinsulinsensitivity AT massimilianosifone sustainedselfregulationofenergyintakeinitialhungerimprovesinsulinsensitivity AT martinevanweeren sustainedselfregulationofenergyintakeinitialhungerimprovesinsulinsensitivity AT willemdehahn sustainedselfregulationofenergyintakeinitialhungerimprovesinsulinsensitivity AT lorenzoborselli sustainedselfregulationofenergyintakeinitialhungerimprovesinsulinsensitivity AT angelopietrobelli sustainedselfregulationofenergyintakeinitialhungerimprovesinsulinsensitivity |