Recent Advances in Paper Conservation Using Nanocellulose and Its Composites
Paper-based cultural relics experience aging and deterioration during their long-term preservation, which poses a serious threat to their lifetime. The development of conservation materials with high compatibility and low intervention has been expected to extend the lifetime of paper artifacts. As a...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Molecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/30/2/417 |
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| author | Mei Jiang Jingjing Yao Qiang Guo Yueer Yan Yi Tang Yuliang Yang |
| author_facet | Mei Jiang Jingjing Yao Qiang Guo Yueer Yan Yi Tang Yuliang Yang |
| author_sort | Mei Jiang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Paper-based cultural relics experience aging and deterioration during their long-term preservation, which poses a serious threat to their lifetime. The development of conservation materials with high compatibility and low intervention has been expected to extend the lifetime of paper artifacts. As a new type of biological macromolecule, nanocellulose has been extensively utilized in paper conservation, attributed to its excellent paper compatibility, high optical transparency, outstanding mechanical strength, and large specific surface area with abundant hydroxyl groups. This review systematically summarizes the latest development of three kinds of nanocellulose (cellulose nanofibril, cellulose nanocrystal, and bacterial nanocellulose) and their composites used for the multifunctional conservation of paper relics. Owing to the strong hydrogen bond interactions between hydroxyls of nanocellulose and paper fibers, nanocellulose can effectively consolidate paper without adding adhesives. The composite of nanocellulose with other functional materials greatly expands its application scope, and the superior performance has been emphasized in paper deacidification, consolidation, antimicrobial effect, antioxidation, UV resistance, self-cleaning, promotion of printing property, reduction in air permeability, and flame retardancy. The application characteristics and future prospects of nanocellulose composites are highlighted in the conservation of paper-based cultural relics. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-330c4f8cf92b4479875c53a8de06caa7 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj-art-330c4f8cf92b4479875c53a8de06caa72025-01-24T13:43:58ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492025-01-0130241710.3390/molecules30020417Recent Advances in Paper Conservation Using Nanocellulose and Its CompositesMei Jiang0Jingjing Yao1Qiang Guo2Yueer Yan3Yi Tang4Yuliang Yang5Institute for Preservation and Conservation of Chinese Ancient Books, Fudan University Library, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, ChinaShanghai Institute of Quality Inspection and Technical Research, 900 Jiang Yue Road, Shanghai 201114, ChinaInstitute for Preservation and Conservation of Chinese Ancient Books, Fudan University Library, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, ChinaInstitute for Preservation and Conservation of Chinese Ancient Books, Fudan University Library, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, ChinaShanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai 200438, ChinaInstitute for Preservation and Conservation of Chinese Ancient Books, Fudan University Library, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, ChinaPaper-based cultural relics experience aging and deterioration during their long-term preservation, which poses a serious threat to their lifetime. The development of conservation materials with high compatibility and low intervention has been expected to extend the lifetime of paper artifacts. As a new type of biological macromolecule, nanocellulose has been extensively utilized in paper conservation, attributed to its excellent paper compatibility, high optical transparency, outstanding mechanical strength, and large specific surface area with abundant hydroxyl groups. This review systematically summarizes the latest development of three kinds of nanocellulose (cellulose nanofibril, cellulose nanocrystal, and bacterial nanocellulose) and their composites used for the multifunctional conservation of paper relics. Owing to the strong hydrogen bond interactions between hydroxyls of nanocellulose and paper fibers, nanocellulose can effectively consolidate paper without adding adhesives. The composite of nanocellulose with other functional materials greatly expands its application scope, and the superior performance has been emphasized in paper deacidification, consolidation, antimicrobial effect, antioxidation, UV resistance, self-cleaning, promotion of printing property, reduction in air permeability, and flame retardancy. The application characteristics and future prospects of nanocellulose composites are highlighted in the conservation of paper-based cultural relics.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/30/2/417nanocellulosecomposite materialsconservationpaper-based cultural relics |
| spellingShingle | Mei Jiang Jingjing Yao Qiang Guo Yueer Yan Yi Tang Yuliang Yang Recent Advances in Paper Conservation Using Nanocellulose and Its Composites Molecules nanocellulose composite materials conservation paper-based cultural relics |
| title | Recent Advances in Paper Conservation Using Nanocellulose and Its Composites |
| title_full | Recent Advances in Paper Conservation Using Nanocellulose and Its Composites |
| title_fullStr | Recent Advances in Paper Conservation Using Nanocellulose and Its Composites |
| title_full_unstemmed | Recent Advances in Paper Conservation Using Nanocellulose and Its Composites |
| title_short | Recent Advances in Paper Conservation Using Nanocellulose and Its Composites |
| title_sort | recent advances in paper conservation using nanocellulose and its composites |
| topic | nanocellulose composite materials conservation paper-based cultural relics |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/30/2/417 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT meijiang recentadvancesinpaperconservationusingnanocelluloseanditscomposites AT jingjingyao recentadvancesinpaperconservationusingnanocelluloseanditscomposites AT qiangguo recentadvancesinpaperconservationusingnanocelluloseanditscomposites AT yueeryan recentadvancesinpaperconservationusingnanocelluloseanditscomposites AT yitang recentadvancesinpaperconservationusingnanocelluloseanditscomposites AT yuliangyang recentadvancesinpaperconservationusingnanocelluloseanditscomposites |