CAR-T therapy toxicities: the importance of macrophages in their development and possible targets for their management
Abstract CAR-T cell therapies have risen to prominence over the last decade, and their indications are increasing with several products approved as early as second line in Large B Cell non-Hodgkin Lymphomas. Their major toxicities are the cytokine release syndrome (CRS) and the Immune-effector Cell...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Springer
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Discover Oncology |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1007/s12672-025-01776-0 |
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| author | Joseph Norton Patrick Stiff |
| author_facet | Joseph Norton Patrick Stiff |
| author_sort | Joseph Norton |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract CAR-T cell therapies have risen to prominence over the last decade, and their indications are increasing with several products approved as early as second line in Large B Cell non-Hodgkin Lymphomas. Their major toxicities are the cytokine release syndrome (CRS) and the Immune-effector Cell Associated Neurotoxicity Syndrome (ICANS). These entities involve a hyperinflammatory cascade which is amplified through the mononuclear phagocytic system (MPS). Herein, we review the immune mediated adverse events related to CAR therapy, including their pathophysiologies, and current therapies. In particular, we discuss the emerging role of the MPS in both the toxicity and efficacy of CAR-T therapy, and possible avenues for the modulation of the MPS to optimize efficacy while minimizing toxicity. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-32e2a944e8e94715933dfbd7041c1ba2 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2730-6011 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Springer |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Discover Oncology |
| spelling | doaj-art-32e2a944e8e94715933dfbd7041c1ba22025-01-19T12:29:10ZengSpringerDiscover Oncology2730-60112025-01-0116111310.1007/s12672-025-01776-0CAR-T therapy toxicities: the importance of macrophages in their development and possible targets for their managementJoseph Norton0Patrick Stiff1Internal Medicine Department, Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Transplant, University of MinnesotaInternal Medicine Department, Division of Hematology-Oncology, Loyola University Medical CenterAbstract CAR-T cell therapies have risen to prominence over the last decade, and their indications are increasing with several products approved as early as second line in Large B Cell non-Hodgkin Lymphomas. Their major toxicities are the cytokine release syndrome (CRS) and the Immune-effector Cell Associated Neurotoxicity Syndrome (ICANS). These entities involve a hyperinflammatory cascade which is amplified through the mononuclear phagocytic system (MPS). Herein, we review the immune mediated adverse events related to CAR therapy, including their pathophysiologies, and current therapies. In particular, we discuss the emerging role of the MPS in both the toxicity and efficacy of CAR-T therapy, and possible avenues for the modulation of the MPS to optimize efficacy while minimizing toxicity.https://doi.org/10.1007/s12672-025-01776-0 |
| spellingShingle | Joseph Norton Patrick Stiff CAR-T therapy toxicities: the importance of macrophages in their development and possible targets for their management Discover Oncology |
| title | CAR-T therapy toxicities: the importance of macrophages in their development and possible targets for their management |
| title_full | CAR-T therapy toxicities: the importance of macrophages in their development and possible targets for their management |
| title_fullStr | CAR-T therapy toxicities: the importance of macrophages in their development and possible targets for their management |
| title_full_unstemmed | CAR-T therapy toxicities: the importance of macrophages in their development and possible targets for their management |
| title_short | CAR-T therapy toxicities: the importance of macrophages in their development and possible targets for their management |
| title_sort | car t therapy toxicities the importance of macrophages in their development and possible targets for their management |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1007/s12672-025-01776-0 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT josephnorton carttherapytoxicitiestheimportanceofmacrophagesintheirdevelopmentandpossibletargetsfortheirmanagement AT patrickstiff carttherapytoxicitiestheimportanceofmacrophagesintheirdevelopmentandpossibletargetsfortheirmanagement |