Carabid beetles as indicators of stream zonation
Rivers and streams are characterised by longitudinal changes in hydrology and aquatic communities. Due to the strong connectivity between watercourses and adjacent terrestrial ecosystems, riparian communities might also show characteristic changes along stream courses. Although carabid beetles are o...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Elsevier
2025-01-01
|
| Series: | Ecological Indicators |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1470160X24014936 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1832576535280746496 |
|---|---|
| author | Franziska Middendorf Bernhard Eitzinger Martin H. Entling Jens Schirmel |
| author_facet | Franziska Middendorf Bernhard Eitzinger Martin H. Entling Jens Schirmel |
| author_sort | Franziska Middendorf |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Rivers and streams are characterised by longitudinal changes in hydrology and aquatic communities. Due to the strong connectivity between watercourses and adjacent terrestrial ecosystems, riparian communities might also show characteristic changes along stream courses. Although carabid beetles are often used as ecological indicators in riparian habitats (e.g., to monitor restoration success), little is known about how they indicate stream zonation. We conducted a study of riparian habitats at five streams, each sampled in three near-natural sections upstream, midstream and downstream, to analyse changes in carabid beetle abundance, species richness, indicator species and functional trait composition along stream courses. Carabid beetles were sampled using pitfall traps and hand collections in May and September 2023. Carabid abundance, species richness and functional diversity increased significantly from upstream to downstream. Carabid communities shifted from a dominance of large-bodied and short-winged species in the upstream zone towards smaller and long-winged species downstream. In addition, 11 indicator species were identified in the downstream zone, compared to only two in the upstream and one in the midstream zone. In contrast, the percentage of riparian habitat specialists peaked midstream. Changes in carabid communities were likely driven by increasing size of the riparian area and soil pH along the course of the streams, likely reflecting the increasing hydrological connectivity and sediment deposition. Our findings clearly showed longitudinal changes in the community structure and trait composition of carabid beetles along streams. We conclude that carabids are therefore excellent ecological indicators of the zonation of the riparian zone of small streams. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-327f0fc5fafe4127a123cc9f1306d368 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1470-160X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Ecological Indicators |
| spelling | doaj-art-327f0fc5fafe4127a123cc9f1306d3682025-01-31T05:10:36ZengElsevierEcological Indicators1470-160X2025-01-01170113036Carabid beetles as indicators of stream zonationFranziska Middendorf0Bernhard Eitzinger1Martin H. Entling2Jens Schirmel3iES Landau, Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Kaiserslautern-Landau (RPTU), Fortstraße 7, Landau 76829, Germany; Corresponding author.iES Landau, Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Kaiserslautern-Landau (RPTU), Fortstraße 7, Landau 76829, GermanyiES Landau, Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Kaiserslautern-Landau (RPTU), Fortstraße 7, Landau 76829, GermanyiES Landau, Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Kaiserslautern-Landau (RPTU), Fortstraße 7, Landau 76829, Germany; Eusserthal Ecosystem Research Station, University of Kaiserslautern-Landau (RPTU), Birkenthalstraße 13, Eusserthal 76857, GermanyRivers and streams are characterised by longitudinal changes in hydrology and aquatic communities. Due to the strong connectivity between watercourses and adjacent terrestrial ecosystems, riparian communities might also show characteristic changes along stream courses. Although carabid beetles are often used as ecological indicators in riparian habitats (e.g., to monitor restoration success), little is known about how they indicate stream zonation. We conducted a study of riparian habitats at five streams, each sampled in three near-natural sections upstream, midstream and downstream, to analyse changes in carabid beetle abundance, species richness, indicator species and functional trait composition along stream courses. Carabid beetles were sampled using pitfall traps and hand collections in May and September 2023. Carabid abundance, species richness and functional diversity increased significantly from upstream to downstream. Carabid communities shifted from a dominance of large-bodied and short-winged species in the upstream zone towards smaller and long-winged species downstream. In addition, 11 indicator species were identified in the downstream zone, compared to only two in the upstream and one in the midstream zone. In contrast, the percentage of riparian habitat specialists peaked midstream. Changes in carabid communities were likely driven by increasing size of the riparian area and soil pH along the course of the streams, likely reflecting the increasing hydrological connectivity and sediment deposition. Our findings clearly showed longitudinal changes in the community structure and trait composition of carabid beetles along streams. We conclude that carabids are therefore excellent ecological indicators of the zonation of the riparian zone of small streams.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1470160X24014936Functional diversityGround beetlesIndicator speciesNear-natural shoreRiparian habitatTraits |
| spellingShingle | Franziska Middendorf Bernhard Eitzinger Martin H. Entling Jens Schirmel Carabid beetles as indicators of stream zonation Ecological Indicators Functional diversity Ground beetles Indicator species Near-natural shore Riparian habitat Traits |
| title | Carabid beetles as indicators of stream zonation |
| title_full | Carabid beetles as indicators of stream zonation |
| title_fullStr | Carabid beetles as indicators of stream zonation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Carabid beetles as indicators of stream zonation |
| title_short | Carabid beetles as indicators of stream zonation |
| title_sort | carabid beetles as indicators of stream zonation |
| topic | Functional diversity Ground beetles Indicator species Near-natural shore Riparian habitat Traits |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1470160X24014936 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT franziskamiddendorf carabidbeetlesasindicatorsofstreamzonation AT bernhardeitzinger carabidbeetlesasindicatorsofstreamzonation AT martinhentling carabidbeetlesasindicatorsofstreamzonation AT jensschirmel carabidbeetlesasindicatorsofstreamzonation |