Catalyzing green total factor productivity through digital innovation: mechanisms, evidence, and policy implications from urban China

IntroductionDigital technological innovation has emerged as a crucial catalyst in balancing economic growth with environmental sustainability. In the context of high-quality development, understanding how digital innovation contributes to green total factor productivity (GTFP) is of growing importan...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Lu Yao, Cheng Lu
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2025-08-01
Series:Frontiers in Environmental Science
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fenvs.2025.1643646/full
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849391364099276800
author Lu Yao
Cheng Lu
author_facet Lu Yao
Cheng Lu
author_sort Lu Yao
collection DOAJ
description IntroductionDigital technological innovation has emerged as a crucial catalyst in balancing economic growth with environmental sustainability. In the context of high-quality development, understanding how digital innovation contributes to green total factor productivity (GTFP) is of growing importance, particularly amid global efforts toward decarbonization and industrial transformation.MethodsThis study investigates the impact and underlying mechanisms of digital technological innovation on green total factor productivity (GTFP) by constructing a panel dataset comprising 278 Chinese prefecture-level cities from 2007 to 2022. To examine both the direct and indirect effects, the analysis applies a range of econometric methods, including fixed effects models, mediation models, and instrumental variable estimation. Robustness of the results is verified through alternative specifications, exclusion of outliers, lagged variables, and policy-based instruments.ResultsThe empirical findings demonstrate that digital technological innovation exerts a significant positive impact on GTFP, with each one-unit increase in the digital innovation index leading to an estimated 0.8% improvement in carbon emission efficiency. Further mediation analysis suggests that this enhancement in GTFP is primarily driven by two interrelated mechanisms: the intensification of green technological innovation activities and the advancement of industrial structure toward more sustainable configurations. Additionally, heterogeneity analysis reveals that the strength and direction of this relationship vary notably across cities, depending on their specific resource endowments, the strength of intellectual property protection, and the extent of engagement in green policy pilot initiatives.DiscussionThese findings underscore the importance of integrating digital and green development pathways. To fully harness the potential of digital innovation for promoting green productivity, policymakers should foster a collaborative digital-green innovation ecosystem, improve institutional support for green technology diffusion, and coordinate industrial policies that jointly advance digitalization and environmental goals. City-specific strategies should leverage local strengths to facilitate the emergence of new digital-green industries.
format Article
id doaj-art-326d330ca5a84ecea87e99e015bc4ebe
institution Kabale University
issn 2296-665X
language English
publishDate 2025-08-01
publisher Frontiers Media S.A.
record_format Article
series Frontiers in Environmental Science
spelling doaj-art-326d330ca5a84ecea87e99e015bc4ebe2025-08-20T03:41:05ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Environmental Science2296-665X2025-08-011310.3389/fenvs.2025.16436461643646Catalyzing green total factor productivity through digital innovation: mechanisms, evidence, and policy implications from urban ChinaLu Yao0Cheng Lu1School of Economics and Management, Taiyuan Normal University, Jinzhong, ChinaCollege of Optics and Electronic Technology, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, ChinaIntroductionDigital technological innovation has emerged as a crucial catalyst in balancing economic growth with environmental sustainability. In the context of high-quality development, understanding how digital innovation contributes to green total factor productivity (GTFP) is of growing importance, particularly amid global efforts toward decarbonization and industrial transformation.MethodsThis study investigates the impact and underlying mechanisms of digital technological innovation on green total factor productivity (GTFP) by constructing a panel dataset comprising 278 Chinese prefecture-level cities from 2007 to 2022. To examine both the direct and indirect effects, the analysis applies a range of econometric methods, including fixed effects models, mediation models, and instrumental variable estimation. Robustness of the results is verified through alternative specifications, exclusion of outliers, lagged variables, and policy-based instruments.ResultsThe empirical findings demonstrate that digital technological innovation exerts a significant positive impact on GTFP, with each one-unit increase in the digital innovation index leading to an estimated 0.8% improvement in carbon emission efficiency. Further mediation analysis suggests that this enhancement in GTFP is primarily driven by two interrelated mechanisms: the intensification of green technological innovation activities and the advancement of industrial structure toward more sustainable configurations. Additionally, heterogeneity analysis reveals that the strength and direction of this relationship vary notably across cities, depending on their specific resource endowments, the strength of intellectual property protection, and the extent of engagement in green policy pilot initiatives.DiscussionThese findings underscore the importance of integrating digital and green development pathways. To fully harness the potential of digital innovation for promoting green productivity, policymakers should foster a collaborative digital-green innovation ecosystem, improve institutional support for green technology diffusion, and coordinate industrial policies that jointly advance digitalization and environmental goals. City-specific strategies should leverage local strengths to facilitate the emergence of new digital-green industries.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fenvs.2025.1643646/fulldigital technological innovationgreen total factor productivitygreen technological innovationindustrial structure upgradingdigtial economy
spellingShingle Lu Yao
Cheng Lu
Catalyzing green total factor productivity through digital innovation: mechanisms, evidence, and policy implications from urban China
Frontiers in Environmental Science
digital technological innovation
green total factor productivity
green technological innovation
industrial structure upgrading
digtial economy
title Catalyzing green total factor productivity through digital innovation: mechanisms, evidence, and policy implications from urban China
title_full Catalyzing green total factor productivity through digital innovation: mechanisms, evidence, and policy implications from urban China
title_fullStr Catalyzing green total factor productivity through digital innovation: mechanisms, evidence, and policy implications from urban China
title_full_unstemmed Catalyzing green total factor productivity through digital innovation: mechanisms, evidence, and policy implications from urban China
title_short Catalyzing green total factor productivity through digital innovation: mechanisms, evidence, and policy implications from urban China
title_sort catalyzing green total factor productivity through digital innovation mechanisms evidence and policy implications from urban china
topic digital technological innovation
green total factor productivity
green technological innovation
industrial structure upgrading
digtial economy
url https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fenvs.2025.1643646/full
work_keys_str_mv AT luyao catalyzinggreentotalfactorproductivitythroughdigitalinnovationmechanismsevidenceandpolicyimplicationsfromurbanchina
AT chenglu catalyzinggreentotalfactorproductivitythroughdigitalinnovationmechanismsevidenceandpolicyimplicationsfromurbanchina