Deltacoronavirus HKU11, HKU13, PDCoV (HKU15) and HKU17 spike pseudoviruses enter avian DF-1 cells via clathrin-mediated endocytosis in a Rab5-, Rab7- and pH-dependent manner
Abstract Porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV), also known as HKU15, is a swine enteropathogenic virus that is believed to have originated in birds. PDCoV belongs to the genus Deltacoronavirus (DCoV), the members of which have mostly been identified in diverse avian species. We recently reported that chi...
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2025-01-01
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13567-024-01442-3 |
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| author | Qi-Zhang Liang Chun-Miao Ji Bin Wang Wei Chen Feng Cong Yu Huang Yao-Wei Huang |
| author_facet | Qi-Zhang Liang Chun-Miao Ji Bin Wang Wei Chen Feng Cong Yu Huang Yao-Wei Huang |
| author_sort | Qi-Zhang Liang |
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| description | Abstract Porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV), also known as HKU15, is a swine enteropathogenic virus that is believed to have originated in birds. PDCoV belongs to the genus Deltacoronavirus (DCoV), the members of which have mostly been identified in diverse avian species. We recently reported that chicken or porcine aminopeptidase N (APN), the major cellular receptor for PDCoV, can mediate cellular entry via three pseudotyped retroviruses displaying spike proteins from three avian DCoVs (HKU11, HKU13, and HKU17). In the present work, to better understand how avian-origin CoVs may be transmitted to pigs, we investigated the unknown DCoV entry pathway in avian cells. We show that clathrin-mediated endocytosis is involved in the entry of these DCoV pseudoviruses into chicken-origin DF-1 cells. Pseudovirus entry was suppressed by means of pharmacological inhibitors, dominant-negative mutants, and siRNAs targeting various cellular proteins and signalling molecules, suggesting that PDCoV and avian DCoV pseudovirus entry into DF-1 cells depends on clathrin, dynamin-2, cathepsins and a low-pH environment but is independent of caveolae and macropinocytosis. Furthermore, we found that DCoV pseudovirus entry was linked to Rab5- and Rab7-dependent pathways. This is the first report demonstrating that these DCoVs utilize clathrin-mediated endocytosis pathways to enter avian-origin cells, providing new insights into interspecies transmission of DCoVs. |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1297-9716 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
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| spelling | doaj-art-31939477f422432ba3f849ac1411a23d2025-01-19T12:35:06ZengBMCVeterinary Research1297-97162025-01-0156111110.1186/s13567-024-01442-3Deltacoronavirus HKU11, HKU13, PDCoV (HKU15) and HKU17 spike pseudoviruses enter avian DF-1 cells via clathrin-mediated endocytosis in a Rab5-, Rab7- and pH-dependent mannerQi-Zhang Liang0Chun-Miao Ji1Bin Wang2Wei Chen3Feng Cong4Yu Huang5Yao-Wei Huang6Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Fujian Academy of Agricultural SciencesGuangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural UniversityGuangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural UniversityInstitute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Fujian Academy of Agricultural SciencesGuangdong Laboratory Animals Monitoring InstituteInstitute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Fujian Academy of Agricultural SciencesGuangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural UniversityAbstract Porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV), also known as HKU15, is a swine enteropathogenic virus that is believed to have originated in birds. PDCoV belongs to the genus Deltacoronavirus (DCoV), the members of which have mostly been identified in diverse avian species. We recently reported that chicken or porcine aminopeptidase N (APN), the major cellular receptor for PDCoV, can mediate cellular entry via three pseudotyped retroviruses displaying spike proteins from three avian DCoVs (HKU11, HKU13, and HKU17). In the present work, to better understand how avian-origin CoVs may be transmitted to pigs, we investigated the unknown DCoV entry pathway in avian cells. We show that clathrin-mediated endocytosis is involved in the entry of these DCoV pseudoviruses into chicken-origin DF-1 cells. Pseudovirus entry was suppressed by means of pharmacological inhibitors, dominant-negative mutants, and siRNAs targeting various cellular proteins and signalling molecules, suggesting that PDCoV and avian DCoV pseudovirus entry into DF-1 cells depends on clathrin, dynamin-2, cathepsins and a low-pH environment but is independent of caveolae and macropinocytosis. Furthermore, we found that DCoV pseudovirus entry was linked to Rab5- and Rab7-dependent pathways. This is the first report demonstrating that these DCoVs utilize clathrin-mediated endocytosis pathways to enter avian-origin cells, providing new insights into interspecies transmission of DCoVs.https://doi.org/10.1186/s13567-024-01442-3Avian deltacoronavirusporcine deltacoronavirusentry pathwaypseudovirusendocytosis |
| spellingShingle | Qi-Zhang Liang Chun-Miao Ji Bin Wang Wei Chen Feng Cong Yu Huang Yao-Wei Huang Deltacoronavirus HKU11, HKU13, PDCoV (HKU15) and HKU17 spike pseudoviruses enter avian DF-1 cells via clathrin-mediated endocytosis in a Rab5-, Rab7- and pH-dependent manner Veterinary Research Avian deltacoronavirus porcine deltacoronavirus entry pathway pseudovirus endocytosis |
| title | Deltacoronavirus HKU11, HKU13, PDCoV (HKU15) and HKU17 spike pseudoviruses enter avian DF-1 cells via clathrin-mediated endocytosis in a Rab5-, Rab7- and pH-dependent manner |
| title_full | Deltacoronavirus HKU11, HKU13, PDCoV (HKU15) and HKU17 spike pseudoviruses enter avian DF-1 cells via clathrin-mediated endocytosis in a Rab5-, Rab7- and pH-dependent manner |
| title_fullStr | Deltacoronavirus HKU11, HKU13, PDCoV (HKU15) and HKU17 spike pseudoviruses enter avian DF-1 cells via clathrin-mediated endocytosis in a Rab5-, Rab7- and pH-dependent manner |
| title_full_unstemmed | Deltacoronavirus HKU11, HKU13, PDCoV (HKU15) and HKU17 spike pseudoviruses enter avian DF-1 cells via clathrin-mediated endocytosis in a Rab5-, Rab7- and pH-dependent manner |
| title_short | Deltacoronavirus HKU11, HKU13, PDCoV (HKU15) and HKU17 spike pseudoviruses enter avian DF-1 cells via clathrin-mediated endocytosis in a Rab5-, Rab7- and pH-dependent manner |
| title_sort | deltacoronavirus hku11 hku13 pdcov hku15 and hku17 spike pseudoviruses enter avian df 1 cells via clathrin mediated endocytosis in a rab5 rab7 and ph dependent manner |
| topic | Avian deltacoronavirus porcine deltacoronavirus entry pathway pseudovirus endocytosis |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13567-024-01442-3 |
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