Residual organochlorine pesticide contaminants profile in fish and sediment from a dam
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The vulnerability of the Sankana dam to organochlorine pesticide contamination is a major cause for concern. Indigenes rely on the dam for drinking water and irrigation of their farmlands as well as for fish and other aquatic delicacies. Virtually there exists no study on...
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2021-04-01
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| author | N.J. Mensah S. Antwi-Akomeah E.J.D. Belford G.E. Sebiawu R. Aabeyir |
| author_facet | N.J. Mensah S. Antwi-Akomeah E.J.D. Belford G.E. Sebiawu R. Aabeyir |
| author_sort | N.J. Mensah |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The vulnerability of the Sankana dam to organochlorine pesticide contamination is a major cause for concern. Indigenes rely on the dam for drinking water and irrigation of their farmlands as well as for fish and other aquatic delicacies. Virtually there exists no study on the residual levels of organochlorine or other pesticide contaminants in the dam despite its susceptibility to pesticide contamination. In the present study, the levels of organochlorine residues in fish and sediments from the Sankana dam were assessed. METHODS: Pesticide residue extraction was achieved using acetonitrile containing 1% (v/v) acetic acid in the presence of sodium acetate, sodium citrate and magnesium sulphate followed by purification over activated florisil and sodium sulphate. Identification and quantification of residue extracts was done using a gas chromatograph conjugated with mass spectrometer. FINDING: In all, varying levels of 13 organochlorine residues were detected, 11 of which were found in fish and 12 in sediment. Average mean levels of organochlorine residues found in fish ranged from 0.001 - 0.277 mg/kg. Residual levels of beta-hexachlorocyclohexane, delta-hexachlorocyclohexane, gamma-hexachlorocyclohexane, endosulfan-A and dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane in fish were relatively higher than their respective levels in sediment. Organochlorine residues found in sediment also ranged from 0.001 - 0.091 mg/kg. Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene, aldrin, dieldrin, endrin, methoxychlor, heptachlor, gamma-chlordane and endosulfan-B residual levels in sediment were higher than the corresponding levels in fish. CONCLUSION: The study provides a baseline for continuous/regular monitoring of organochlorine contaminants in the Sankana dam and other waterbodies upstream and downstream. Where organochlorine residues exceeded their recommended permissible thresholds typically suggests possible recent/continuous use of such pesticides within the catchment area. There is therefore the need for appropriate measures and/or need to strengthen existing policies that bans the importation, sale and use of organochlorine pesticides via strict enforcement. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-316d9cdc2803429290f3c6606a6a9f67 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2383-3572 2383-3866 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2021-04-01 |
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| spelling | doaj-art-316d9cdc2803429290f3c6606a6a9f672025-02-02T00:07:48ZengGJESM PublisherGlobal Journal of Environmental Science and Management2383-35722383-38662021-04-017227328610.22034/gjesm.2021.02.0946248Residual organochlorine pesticide contaminants profile in fish and sediment from a damN.J. Mensah0S. Antwi-Akomeah1E.J.D. Belford2G.E. Sebiawu3R. Aabeyir4Department of Science Laboratory Technology, Wa Technical University Wa, GhanaForensic Science Laboratory, Ghana Police Service, Accra, GhanaDepartment of Theoretical and Applied Biology, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, GhanaDepartment of Dispensing Technology, Wa Technical University, Wa, GhanaDepartment of Environment and Resource Studies, Faculty of Integrated Development Studies, S.D. Dombo University of Business and Development Studies, GhanaBACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The vulnerability of the Sankana dam to organochlorine pesticide contamination is a major cause for concern. Indigenes rely on the dam for drinking water and irrigation of their farmlands as well as for fish and other aquatic delicacies. Virtually there exists no study on the residual levels of organochlorine or other pesticide contaminants in the dam despite its susceptibility to pesticide contamination. In the present study, the levels of organochlorine residues in fish and sediments from the Sankana dam were assessed. METHODS: Pesticide residue extraction was achieved using acetonitrile containing 1% (v/v) acetic acid in the presence of sodium acetate, sodium citrate and magnesium sulphate followed by purification over activated florisil and sodium sulphate. Identification and quantification of residue extracts was done using a gas chromatograph conjugated with mass spectrometer. FINDING: In all, varying levels of 13 organochlorine residues were detected, 11 of which were found in fish and 12 in sediment. Average mean levels of organochlorine residues found in fish ranged from 0.001 - 0.277 mg/kg. Residual levels of beta-hexachlorocyclohexane, delta-hexachlorocyclohexane, gamma-hexachlorocyclohexane, endosulfan-A and dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane in fish were relatively higher than their respective levels in sediment. Organochlorine residues found in sediment also ranged from 0.001 - 0.091 mg/kg. Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene, aldrin, dieldrin, endrin, methoxychlor, heptachlor, gamma-chlordane and endosulfan-B residual levels in sediment were higher than the corresponding levels in fish. CONCLUSION: The study provides a baseline for continuous/regular monitoring of organochlorine contaminants in the Sankana dam and other waterbodies upstream and downstream. Where organochlorine residues exceeded their recommended permissible thresholds typically suggests possible recent/continuous use of such pesticides within the catchment area. There is therefore the need for appropriate measures and/or need to strengthen existing policies that bans the importation, sale and use of organochlorine pesticides via strict enforcement.https://www.gjesm.net/article_46248_ba2a0b7f78ffb8c5503c1cbb1c76743c.pdffishghanaorganochlorine residuespesticide toxicitysankana damsediment |
| spellingShingle | N.J. Mensah S. Antwi-Akomeah E.J.D. Belford G.E. Sebiawu R. Aabeyir Residual organochlorine pesticide contaminants profile in fish and sediment from a dam Global Journal of Environmental Science and Management fish ghana organochlorine residues pesticide toxicity sankana dam sediment |
| title | Residual organochlorine pesticide contaminants profile in fish and sediment from a dam |
| title_full | Residual organochlorine pesticide contaminants profile in fish and sediment from a dam |
| title_fullStr | Residual organochlorine pesticide contaminants profile in fish and sediment from a dam |
| title_full_unstemmed | Residual organochlorine pesticide contaminants profile in fish and sediment from a dam |
| title_short | Residual organochlorine pesticide contaminants profile in fish and sediment from a dam |
| title_sort | residual organochlorine pesticide contaminants profile in fish and sediment from a dam |
| topic | fish ghana organochlorine residues pesticide toxicity sankana dam sediment |
| url | https://www.gjesm.net/article_46248_ba2a0b7f78ffb8c5503c1cbb1c76743c.pdf |
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