Searching for More Effective Food Baits for Tephritid Fruit Flies (Diptera: Tephritidae): Performance of Newly Developed Vial-Lures Relative to Torula Yeast Borax
Food-baited traps are an important part of early detection programs for invasive tephritid fruit fly species, as they are attractive to both sexes of all targeted species. Torula yeast borax (TYB) mixture is a standard food bait, but its longevity is limited (1–2 weeks). Synthetic food-based lures h...
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2025-01-01
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| author | Walther Enkerlin Emilio Arevalo Jose Eduardo Caballero Thomas Fezza Esteban Garavelli Diana Beatriz Martinez Pedro Alexander Rodriguez Todd Shelly Milthon Edgardo Thomas Antonio Villaseñor Salvador Flores |
| author_facet | Walther Enkerlin Emilio Arevalo Jose Eduardo Caballero Thomas Fezza Esteban Garavelli Diana Beatriz Martinez Pedro Alexander Rodriguez Todd Shelly Milthon Edgardo Thomas Antonio Villaseñor Salvador Flores |
| author_sort | Walther Enkerlin |
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| description | Food-baited traps are an important part of early detection programs for invasive tephritid fruit fly species, as they are attractive to both sexes of all targeted species. Torula yeast borax (TYB) mixture is a standard food bait, but its longevity is limited (1–2 weeks). Synthetic food-based lures have been developed, including ammonium acetate, putrescine, and trimethylamine. However, the different formulations of these synthetic lures vary greatly in their attractiveness and longevity. Here, we present the results of field trapping in several Central and South American countries as well as Hawaii that compared captures of <i>Ceratitis capitata</i>, <i>Anastrepha</i> spp., and <i>Bactrocera dorsalis</i> in traps baited with torula yeast borax, which was replaced weekly, versus traps baited with newly developed vial-lures, which contained the same three components noted above and were not replaced over 6–10 weeks of trapping. In all countries, captures of <i>C</i>. <i>capitata</i> in vial-lure-baited traps were equal to or greater than captures in TYB-baited traps. However, the vial-lures attracted fewer <i>B</i>. <i>dorsalis</i> than TYB, and data were inconsistent for <i>Anastrepha</i> spp. The implications of these results for large-scale detection programs are discussed. |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Kabale University |
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| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
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| series | Insects |
| spelling | doaj-art-315c34ba53ee4675b62256a0aff8151c2025-01-24T13:35:44ZengMDPI AGInsects2075-44502025-01-011615310.3390/insects16010053Searching for More Effective Food Baits for Tephritid Fruit Flies (Diptera: Tephritidae): Performance of Newly Developed Vial-Lures Relative to Torula Yeast BoraxWalther Enkerlin0Emilio Arevalo1Jose Eduardo Caballero2Thomas Fezza3Esteban Garavelli4Diana Beatriz Martinez5Pedro Alexander Rodriguez6Todd Shelly7Milthon Edgardo Thomas8Antonio Villaseñor9Salvador Flores10Insect Pest Control Subprogramme, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, A-1400 Vienna, AustriaColombian Agricultural Institute (ICA), Calle 17 No. 40B-76 El Poblado, Medellín CP 30868, ColombiaMoscamed-OIRSA Program (SENASA), Tegucigalpa 11101, HondurasUSDA-APHIS-PBARC, 64 Nowelo St., Hilo, HI 96720, USANational Service of Agri-Food Health and Quality of Argentina (SENASA), Avenida Paseo Colón, Buenos Aires C1063ACD, ArgentinaDepartment of Diagnosis, Surveillance and Phytosanitary Campaigns (SENASA), Tegucigalpa 11101, HondurasLaboratorio Nacional de Diagnóstico Fitosanitario C.I.Tibaitatá, Instituto Colombiano Agropecuario, ICA, Km 14 via Bogotá Mosquera, Bogotá 110221, ColombiaUSDA-APHIS, 41-650 Ahiki Street, Waimanalo, HI 96795, USAMoscamed-OIRSA Program (SENASA), Tegucigalpa 11101, HondurasPrograma Moscamed SADER-SENASICA, 16 Calle 3-38 Zona 10, Guatemala City, GuatemalaPrograma Operativo de Moscas, SADER-SENASICA, Camino a los Cacaotales S/N, Metapa de Domínguez CP 30860, Chiapas, MexicoFood-baited traps are an important part of early detection programs for invasive tephritid fruit fly species, as they are attractive to both sexes of all targeted species. Torula yeast borax (TYB) mixture is a standard food bait, but its longevity is limited (1–2 weeks). Synthetic food-based lures have been developed, including ammonium acetate, putrescine, and trimethylamine. However, the different formulations of these synthetic lures vary greatly in their attractiveness and longevity. Here, we present the results of field trapping in several Central and South American countries as well as Hawaii that compared captures of <i>Ceratitis capitata</i>, <i>Anastrepha</i> spp., and <i>Bactrocera dorsalis</i> in traps baited with torula yeast borax, which was replaced weekly, versus traps baited with newly developed vial-lures, which contained the same three components noted above and were not replaced over 6–10 weeks of trapping. In all countries, captures of <i>C</i>. <i>capitata</i> in vial-lure-baited traps were equal to or greater than captures in TYB-baited traps. However, the vial-lures attracted fewer <i>B</i>. <i>dorsalis</i> than TYB, and data were inconsistent for <i>Anastrepha</i> spp. The implications of these results for large-scale detection programs are discussed.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/16/1/53invasive insectsdetection trappingtorula yeast mixturesynthetic protein baitsCentral and South AmericaHawaii |
| spellingShingle | Walther Enkerlin Emilio Arevalo Jose Eduardo Caballero Thomas Fezza Esteban Garavelli Diana Beatriz Martinez Pedro Alexander Rodriguez Todd Shelly Milthon Edgardo Thomas Antonio Villaseñor Salvador Flores Searching for More Effective Food Baits for Tephritid Fruit Flies (Diptera: Tephritidae): Performance of Newly Developed Vial-Lures Relative to Torula Yeast Borax Insects invasive insects detection trapping torula yeast mixture synthetic protein baits Central and South America Hawaii |
| title | Searching for More Effective Food Baits for Tephritid Fruit Flies (Diptera: Tephritidae): Performance of Newly Developed Vial-Lures Relative to Torula Yeast Borax |
| title_full | Searching for More Effective Food Baits for Tephritid Fruit Flies (Diptera: Tephritidae): Performance of Newly Developed Vial-Lures Relative to Torula Yeast Borax |
| title_fullStr | Searching for More Effective Food Baits for Tephritid Fruit Flies (Diptera: Tephritidae): Performance of Newly Developed Vial-Lures Relative to Torula Yeast Borax |
| title_full_unstemmed | Searching for More Effective Food Baits for Tephritid Fruit Flies (Diptera: Tephritidae): Performance of Newly Developed Vial-Lures Relative to Torula Yeast Borax |
| title_short | Searching for More Effective Food Baits for Tephritid Fruit Flies (Diptera: Tephritidae): Performance of Newly Developed Vial-Lures Relative to Torula Yeast Borax |
| title_sort | searching for more effective food baits for tephritid fruit flies diptera tephritidae performance of newly developed vial lures relative to torula yeast borax |
| topic | invasive insects detection trapping torula yeast mixture synthetic protein baits Central and South America Hawaii |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/16/1/53 |
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