GC/MS Fatty Acid Profile of Marine-Derived Actinomycetes from Extreme Environments: Chemotaxonomic Insights and Biotechnological Potential
This study investigated the fatty acids (FA) profile of 54 actinomycete strains isolated from marine sediments collected off the Portugal continental coast, specifically from the Estremadura Spur pockmarks field, by GC/MS. Fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) were prepared from the ethyl acetate lipidic...
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2024-12-01
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| Series: | Marine Drugs |
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| author | Marlene B. Cunha André F. Jorge Maria João Nunes Joana R. Sousa Maria João Lança Marco Gomes da Silva Susana P. Gaudêncio |
| author_facet | Marlene B. Cunha André F. Jorge Maria João Nunes Joana R. Sousa Maria João Lança Marco Gomes da Silva Susana P. Gaudêncio |
| author_sort | Marlene B. Cunha |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This study investigated the fatty acids (FA) profile of 54 actinomycete strains isolated from marine sediments collected off the Portugal continental coast, specifically from the Estremadura Spur pockmarks field, by GC/MS. Fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) were prepared from the ethyl acetate lipidic extracts of these strains and analyzed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC/MS), with FA identification performed using the NIST library. The identified FAs varied from C12:0 to C20:0, where 32 distinct FAs were identified, including 7 branched-chain fatty acids (BCFAs), 9 odd-chain fatty acids (OCFAs), 8 monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs), 6 saturated fatty acids (SFAs), 1 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA), and 1 cyclic chain fatty acid (CCFA). The average expressed content was BCFA (47.54%), MUFA (28.49%), OCFA (26.93%), and SFA (22.16%), of which i-C16:0, C18:1ω9, and C16:0 were predominant, while PUFA (3.58%) and CCFA (0.41%) were identified as minor components. The identified BCFA were i-C16:0, a-C15:0, i-C15:0, i-C15:1ω6, a-C16:0, a-C14:0, and i-C17:0, which include combined branching and unsaturation and branching and odd. SFAs were present in all species, with C16:0 and C18:0 being the most representative. Rare OCFAs C19:1ω9, C17:1ω7, C15:0, and C17:0 were expressed. PUFA C18:1ω9 was detected; within this class, omega families ω9, ω7, ω6, and ω5 were identified, and no ω3 was detected. The only CCFA was benzene-butanoic acid (benzene-C4:0). These findings highlight the metabolic versatility of actinomycetes, providing valuable insights into microbial chemotaxonomy and offering promising biochemical leads for the development of biofuel, nutraceutical, and antifungal agents. Furthermore, these results underline the diversity and biotechnological potential of FAs in actinomycetes, uncovering their potential to be used as microbial cell factories, and paving the way for innovations in biofuels, pharmaceuticals, and eco-friendly industrial products. |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Kabale University |
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| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
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| spelling | doaj-art-30fc146ed06d47c0b8999dfcfad2c5842025-01-24T13:39:24ZengMDPI AGMarine Drugs1660-33972024-12-01231110.3390/md23010001GC/MS Fatty Acid Profile of Marine-Derived Actinomycetes from Extreme Environments: Chemotaxonomic Insights and Biotechnological PotentialMarlene B. Cunha0André F. Jorge1Maria João Nunes2Joana R. Sousa3Maria João Lança4Marco Gomes da Silva5Susana P. Gaudêncio6Associate Laboratory i4HB, Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, NOVA School of Science and Technology, UNOVA University of Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, PortugalLAQV—Requimte and Department of Chemistry, NOVA School of Science and Technology, UNOVA University of Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, PortugalLAQV—Requimte and Department of Chemistry, NOVA School of Science and Technology, UNOVA University of Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, PortugalAssociate Laboratory i4HB, Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, NOVA School of Science and Technology, UNOVA University of Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, PortugalMED—Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development & CHANGE—Global Change and Sustainability Institute, Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada, Universidade de Évora, Pólo da Mitra, Ap. 94, 7006-554 Évora, PortugalLAQV—Requimte and Department of Chemistry, NOVA School of Science and Technology, UNOVA University of Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, PortugalAssociate Laboratory i4HB, Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, NOVA School of Science and Technology, UNOVA University of Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, PortugalThis study investigated the fatty acids (FA) profile of 54 actinomycete strains isolated from marine sediments collected off the Portugal continental coast, specifically from the Estremadura Spur pockmarks field, by GC/MS. Fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) were prepared from the ethyl acetate lipidic extracts of these strains and analyzed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC/MS), with FA identification performed using the NIST library. The identified FAs varied from C12:0 to C20:0, where 32 distinct FAs were identified, including 7 branched-chain fatty acids (BCFAs), 9 odd-chain fatty acids (OCFAs), 8 monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs), 6 saturated fatty acids (SFAs), 1 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA), and 1 cyclic chain fatty acid (CCFA). The average expressed content was BCFA (47.54%), MUFA (28.49%), OCFA (26.93%), and SFA (22.16%), of which i-C16:0, C18:1ω9, and C16:0 were predominant, while PUFA (3.58%) and CCFA (0.41%) were identified as minor components. The identified BCFA were i-C16:0, a-C15:0, i-C15:0, i-C15:1ω6, a-C16:0, a-C14:0, and i-C17:0, which include combined branching and unsaturation and branching and odd. SFAs were present in all species, with C16:0 and C18:0 being the most representative. Rare OCFAs C19:1ω9, C17:1ω7, C15:0, and C17:0 were expressed. PUFA C18:1ω9 was detected; within this class, omega families ω9, ω7, ω6, and ω5 were identified, and no ω3 was detected. The only CCFA was benzene-butanoic acid (benzene-C4:0). These findings highlight the metabolic versatility of actinomycetes, providing valuable insights into microbial chemotaxonomy and offering promising biochemical leads for the development of biofuel, nutraceutical, and antifungal agents. Furthermore, these results underline the diversity and biotechnological potential of FAs in actinomycetes, uncovering their potential to be used as microbial cell factories, and paving the way for innovations in biofuels, pharmaceuticals, and eco-friendly industrial products.https://www.mdpi.com/1660-3397/23/1/1marine actinobacteriamarine extreme environmentsGC/MS fatty acids profilinglipidomic FAMEsoil extractionmicrobial cell factories |
| spellingShingle | Marlene B. Cunha André F. Jorge Maria João Nunes Joana R. Sousa Maria João Lança Marco Gomes da Silva Susana P. Gaudêncio GC/MS Fatty Acid Profile of Marine-Derived Actinomycetes from Extreme Environments: Chemotaxonomic Insights and Biotechnological Potential Marine Drugs marine actinobacteria marine extreme environments GC/MS fatty acids profiling lipidomic FAMEs oil extraction microbial cell factories |
| title | GC/MS Fatty Acid Profile of Marine-Derived Actinomycetes from Extreme Environments: Chemotaxonomic Insights and Biotechnological Potential |
| title_full | GC/MS Fatty Acid Profile of Marine-Derived Actinomycetes from Extreme Environments: Chemotaxonomic Insights and Biotechnological Potential |
| title_fullStr | GC/MS Fatty Acid Profile of Marine-Derived Actinomycetes from Extreme Environments: Chemotaxonomic Insights and Biotechnological Potential |
| title_full_unstemmed | GC/MS Fatty Acid Profile of Marine-Derived Actinomycetes from Extreme Environments: Chemotaxonomic Insights and Biotechnological Potential |
| title_short | GC/MS Fatty Acid Profile of Marine-Derived Actinomycetes from Extreme Environments: Chemotaxonomic Insights and Biotechnological Potential |
| title_sort | gc ms fatty acid profile of marine derived actinomycetes from extreme environments chemotaxonomic insights and biotechnological potential |
| topic | marine actinobacteria marine extreme environments GC/MS fatty acids profiling lipidomic FAMEs oil extraction microbial cell factories |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1660-3397/23/1/1 |
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