Causal Relationship Between Emotional Disorders and Thyroid Disorders: A Bidirectional Two‐Sample Mendelian Randomization Study
ABSTRACT Introduction The interplay between emotional disorders and thyroid disorders has been subject to numerous observational studies, which have consistently reported associations but have failed to establish clear causal links due to the multifactorial etiology and influences. We conducted a bi...
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Wiley
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Brain and Behavior |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.70252 |
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| author | Jiaying Fan Kai Zhou Cuiwen Yu |
| author_facet | Jiaying Fan Kai Zhou Cuiwen Yu |
| author_sort | Jiaying Fan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | ABSTRACT Introduction The interplay between emotional disorders and thyroid disorders has been subject to numerous observational studies, which have consistently reported associations but have failed to establish clear causal links due to the multifactorial etiology and influences. We conducted a bidirectional two‐sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to explore the genetic causal association between emotional disorders and thyroid disorders. Methods We employed several methods, including inverse‐variance weighted (IVW), weighted median, weighted mode, and MR Egger regression. Additionally, sensitivity analyses were conducted using MR‐Egger, MR Pleiotropy Residual Sum and Outlier (MR‐PRESSO), Cochran's Q, and leave‐one‐out methods. Results IVW results showed negative causal relationships between bidirectional emotional disorders and hypothyroidism, toxic single thyroid nodules in thyrotoxicosis, and hyperthyroidism/toxicity. Additionally, there was a positive causal relationship between anxiety disorders and hypothyroidism. IVW results of reverse MR analysis estimates revealed a positive causal relationship between hypothyroidism, autoimmune thyroiditis, and recurrent or chronic depression. Additionally, there was a negative causal relationship between hyperthyroidism/toxicity and bipolar disorder. Conclusion This bidirectional two‐sample MR study preliminarily reveals a complex, bidirectional causal relationship between emotional disorders and thyroid disorders, particularly highlighting the role of thyroid dysfunction in the development of certain emotional disorders and vice versa. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-30385f95ae7e42daa055213b65ce9267 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2162-3279 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
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| series | Brain and Behavior |
| spelling | doaj-art-30385f95ae7e42daa055213b65ce92672025-01-29T13:36:40ZengWileyBrain and Behavior2162-32792025-01-01151n/an/a10.1002/brb3.70252Causal Relationship Between Emotional Disorders and Thyroid Disorders: A Bidirectional Two‐Sample Mendelian Randomization StudyJiaying Fan0Kai Zhou1Cuiwen Yu2Department of Endocrinology Ningbo Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University Ningbo Zhejiang ChinaDepartment of Endocrinology Ningbo Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University Ningbo Zhejiang ChinaDepartment of Endocrinology Ningbo Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University Ningbo Zhejiang ChinaABSTRACT Introduction The interplay between emotional disorders and thyroid disorders has been subject to numerous observational studies, which have consistently reported associations but have failed to establish clear causal links due to the multifactorial etiology and influences. We conducted a bidirectional two‐sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to explore the genetic causal association between emotional disorders and thyroid disorders. Methods We employed several methods, including inverse‐variance weighted (IVW), weighted median, weighted mode, and MR Egger regression. Additionally, sensitivity analyses were conducted using MR‐Egger, MR Pleiotropy Residual Sum and Outlier (MR‐PRESSO), Cochran's Q, and leave‐one‐out methods. Results IVW results showed negative causal relationships between bidirectional emotional disorders and hypothyroidism, toxic single thyroid nodules in thyrotoxicosis, and hyperthyroidism/toxicity. Additionally, there was a positive causal relationship between anxiety disorders and hypothyroidism. IVW results of reverse MR analysis estimates revealed a positive causal relationship between hypothyroidism, autoimmune thyroiditis, and recurrent or chronic depression. Additionally, there was a negative causal relationship between hyperthyroidism/toxicity and bipolar disorder. Conclusion This bidirectional two‐sample MR study preliminarily reveals a complex, bidirectional causal relationship between emotional disorders and thyroid disorders, particularly highlighting the role of thyroid dysfunction in the development of certain emotional disorders and vice versa.https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.70252causal relationshipemotional disordersMendelian randomization studythyroid disorders |
| spellingShingle | Jiaying Fan Kai Zhou Cuiwen Yu Causal Relationship Between Emotional Disorders and Thyroid Disorders: A Bidirectional Two‐Sample Mendelian Randomization Study Brain and Behavior causal relationship emotional disorders Mendelian randomization study thyroid disorders |
| title | Causal Relationship Between Emotional Disorders and Thyroid Disorders: A Bidirectional Two‐Sample Mendelian Randomization Study |
| title_full | Causal Relationship Between Emotional Disorders and Thyroid Disorders: A Bidirectional Two‐Sample Mendelian Randomization Study |
| title_fullStr | Causal Relationship Between Emotional Disorders and Thyroid Disorders: A Bidirectional Two‐Sample Mendelian Randomization Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Causal Relationship Between Emotional Disorders and Thyroid Disorders: A Bidirectional Two‐Sample Mendelian Randomization Study |
| title_short | Causal Relationship Between Emotional Disorders and Thyroid Disorders: A Bidirectional Two‐Sample Mendelian Randomization Study |
| title_sort | causal relationship between emotional disorders and thyroid disorders a bidirectional two sample mendelian randomization study |
| topic | causal relationship emotional disorders Mendelian randomization study thyroid disorders |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.70252 |
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