Diagnostic Accuracy of 3 Mpox Lateral Flow Assays for Antigen Detection, Democratic Republic of the Congo and United Kingdom

The ongoing outbreaks of mpox highlight the urgent need for a rapid and low-cost diagnostic test to accurately detect and control this emerging disease. We estimated the analytical sensitivity using viral culture of the monkeypox virus clade IIb lineage B1 and clinical diagnostic performance of 3 a...

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Main Authors: Elie Ishara-Nshombo, Anushri Somasundaran, Alessandra Romero-Ramirez, Konstantina Kontogianni, Daniel Mukadi-Bamuleka, Marithé Mukoka-Ntumba, Emile Muhindo-Milonde, Hugues Mirimo-Nguee, Jacob Parkes, Yusra Hussain, Susan Gould, Christopher T. Williams, Dominic Wooding, Juvenal Nkeramahame, Mikaela Watson, Hayley E. Hardwick, Malcolm G. Semple, John Kenneth Baillie, Jake Dunning, Thomas E. Fletcher, Thomas Edwards, Devy M. Emperador, Hugo Kavunga-Membo, Ana Isabel Cubas-Atienzar
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 2025-06-01
Series:Emerging Infectious Diseases
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Online Access:https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/31/6/25-0166_article
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author Elie Ishara-Nshombo
Anushri Somasundaran
Alessandra Romero-Ramirez
Konstantina Kontogianni
Daniel Mukadi-Bamuleka
Marithé Mukoka-Ntumba
Emile Muhindo-Milonde
Hugues Mirimo-Nguee
Jacob Parkes
Yusra Hussain
Susan Gould
Christopher T. Williams
Dominic Wooding
Juvenal Nkeramahame
Mikaela Watson
Hayley E. Hardwick
Malcolm G. Semple
John Kenneth Baillie
Jake Dunning
Thomas E. Fletcher
Thomas Edwards
Devy M. Emperador
Hugo Kavunga-Membo
Ana Isabel Cubas-Atienzar
author_facet Elie Ishara-Nshombo
Anushri Somasundaran
Alessandra Romero-Ramirez
Konstantina Kontogianni
Daniel Mukadi-Bamuleka
Marithé Mukoka-Ntumba
Emile Muhindo-Milonde
Hugues Mirimo-Nguee
Jacob Parkes
Yusra Hussain
Susan Gould
Christopher T. Williams
Dominic Wooding
Juvenal Nkeramahame
Mikaela Watson
Hayley E. Hardwick
Malcolm G. Semple
John Kenneth Baillie
Jake Dunning
Thomas E. Fletcher
Thomas Edwards
Devy M. Emperador
Hugo Kavunga-Membo
Ana Isabel Cubas-Atienzar
author_sort Elie Ishara-Nshombo
collection DOAJ
description The ongoing outbreaks of mpox highlight the urgent need for a rapid and low-cost diagnostic test to accurately detect and control this emerging disease. We estimated the analytical sensitivity using viral culture of the monkeypox virus clade IIb lineage B1 and clinical diagnostic performance of 3 antigen detection rapid diagnostic tests (Ag-RDT) by using skin swab samples and upper-respiratory swab samples from mpox patients in the Democratic Republic of the Congo and the United Kingdom. The analytical limit of detection was 1.0 × 104 plaque-forming units/mL, fulfilling World Health Organization recommendations. Specificity of the 3 Ag-RDTs was 100%, but sensitivity was estimated at 0.00%–15.79% using skin samples and 0.00% using respiratory samples. None of the 3 Ag-RDTs reached the World Health Organization’s target clinical sensitivity, and we do not recommend them as diagnostic or screening tools for suspected mpox cases. Accurate Ag-RDTs for mpox diagnosis remain urgently needed.
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publishDate 2025-06-01
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spelling doaj-art-2ed89d7bba6c4bcbbc8bc5f1d6486ffd2025-08-20T02:16:50ZengCenters for Disease Control and PreventionEmerging Infectious Diseases1080-60401080-60592025-06-013161140114810.3201/eid3106.250166Diagnostic Accuracy of 3 Mpox Lateral Flow Assays for Antigen Detection, Democratic Republic of the Congo and United KingdomElie Ishara-NshomboAnushri SomasundaranAlessandra Romero-RamirezKonstantina KontogianniDaniel Mukadi-BamulekaMarithé Mukoka-NtumbaEmile Muhindo-MilondeHugues Mirimo-NgueeJacob ParkesYusra HussainSusan GouldChristopher T. WilliamsDominic WoodingJuvenal NkeramahameMikaela WatsonHayley E. HardwickMalcolm G. SempleJohn Kenneth BaillieJake DunningThomas E. FletcherThomas EdwardsDevy M. EmperadorHugo Kavunga-MemboAna Isabel Cubas-Atienzar The ongoing outbreaks of mpox highlight the urgent need for a rapid and low-cost diagnostic test to accurately detect and control this emerging disease. We estimated the analytical sensitivity using viral culture of the monkeypox virus clade IIb lineage B1 and clinical diagnostic performance of 3 antigen detection rapid diagnostic tests (Ag-RDT) by using skin swab samples and upper-respiratory swab samples from mpox patients in the Democratic Republic of the Congo and the United Kingdom. The analytical limit of detection was 1.0 × 104 plaque-forming units/mL, fulfilling World Health Organization recommendations. Specificity of the 3 Ag-RDTs was 100%, but sensitivity was estimated at 0.00%–15.79% using skin samples and 0.00% using respiratory samples. None of the 3 Ag-RDTs reached the World Health Organization’s target clinical sensitivity, and we do not recommend them as diagnostic or screening tools for suspected mpox cases. Accurate Ag-RDTs for mpox diagnosis remain urgently needed. https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/31/6/25-0166_articlempoxmonkeypox virusMPXVsexually transmitted infectionsOrthopoxvirusPoxviridae
spellingShingle Elie Ishara-Nshombo
Anushri Somasundaran
Alessandra Romero-Ramirez
Konstantina Kontogianni
Daniel Mukadi-Bamuleka
Marithé Mukoka-Ntumba
Emile Muhindo-Milonde
Hugues Mirimo-Nguee
Jacob Parkes
Yusra Hussain
Susan Gould
Christopher T. Williams
Dominic Wooding
Juvenal Nkeramahame
Mikaela Watson
Hayley E. Hardwick
Malcolm G. Semple
John Kenneth Baillie
Jake Dunning
Thomas E. Fletcher
Thomas Edwards
Devy M. Emperador
Hugo Kavunga-Membo
Ana Isabel Cubas-Atienzar
Diagnostic Accuracy of 3 Mpox Lateral Flow Assays for Antigen Detection, Democratic Republic of the Congo and United Kingdom
Emerging Infectious Diseases
mpox
monkeypox virus
MPXV
sexually transmitted infections
Orthopoxvirus
Poxviridae
title Diagnostic Accuracy of 3 Mpox Lateral Flow Assays for Antigen Detection, Democratic Republic of the Congo and United Kingdom
title_full Diagnostic Accuracy of 3 Mpox Lateral Flow Assays for Antigen Detection, Democratic Republic of the Congo and United Kingdom
title_fullStr Diagnostic Accuracy of 3 Mpox Lateral Flow Assays for Antigen Detection, Democratic Republic of the Congo and United Kingdom
title_full_unstemmed Diagnostic Accuracy of 3 Mpox Lateral Flow Assays for Antigen Detection, Democratic Republic of the Congo and United Kingdom
title_short Diagnostic Accuracy of 3 Mpox Lateral Flow Assays for Antigen Detection, Democratic Republic of the Congo and United Kingdom
title_sort diagnostic accuracy of 3 mpox lateral flow assays for antigen detection democratic republic of the congo and united kingdom
topic mpox
monkeypox virus
MPXV
sexually transmitted infections
Orthopoxvirus
Poxviridae
url https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/31/6/25-0166_article
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