Recent Advances in Understanding the Inflammatory Response in Malaria: A Review of the Dual Role of Cytokines
Malaria is a serious and, in some unfortunate cases, fatal disease caused by a parasite of the Plasmodium genus. It predominantly occurs in tropical areas where it is transmitted through the bite of an infected Anopheles mosquito. The pathogenesis of malaria is complex and incompletely elucidated. D...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2021-01-01
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| Series: | Journal of Immunology Research |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/7785180 |
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| author | Gabriela Loredana Popa Mircea Ioan Popa |
| author_facet | Gabriela Loredana Popa Mircea Ioan Popa |
| author_sort | Gabriela Loredana Popa |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Malaria is a serious and, in some unfortunate cases, fatal disease caused by a parasite of the Plasmodium genus. It predominantly occurs in tropical areas where it is transmitted through the bite of an infected Anopheles mosquito. The pathogenesis of malaria is complex and incompletely elucidated. During blood-stage infection, in response to the presence of the parasite, the host’s immune system produces proinflammatory cytokines including IL-6, IL-8, IFN-γ, and TNF, cytokines which play a pivotal role in controlling the growth of the parasite and its elimination. Regulatory cytokines such as transforming growth factor- (TGF-) β and IL-10 maintain the balance between the proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory responses. However, in many cases, cytokines have a double role. On the one hand, they contribute to parasitic clearance, and on the other, they are responsible for pathological changes encountered in malaria. Cytokine-modulating strategies may represent a promising modern approach in disease management. In this review, we discuss the host immune response in malaria, analyzing the latest studies on the roles of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-2e93a24fac9b413dacde8ef3c8e8d38f |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2314-7156 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2021-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Immunology Research |
| spelling | doaj-art-2e93a24fac9b413dacde8ef3c8e8d38f2025-02-03T01:07:58ZengWileyJournal of Immunology Research2314-71562021-01-01202110.1155/2021/7785180Recent Advances in Understanding the Inflammatory Response in Malaria: A Review of the Dual Role of CytokinesGabriela Loredana Popa0Mircea Ioan Popa1Department of MicrobiologyDepartment of MicrobiologyMalaria is a serious and, in some unfortunate cases, fatal disease caused by a parasite of the Plasmodium genus. It predominantly occurs in tropical areas where it is transmitted through the bite of an infected Anopheles mosquito. The pathogenesis of malaria is complex and incompletely elucidated. During blood-stage infection, in response to the presence of the parasite, the host’s immune system produces proinflammatory cytokines including IL-6, IL-8, IFN-γ, and TNF, cytokines which play a pivotal role in controlling the growth of the parasite and its elimination. Regulatory cytokines such as transforming growth factor- (TGF-) β and IL-10 maintain the balance between the proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory responses. However, in many cases, cytokines have a double role. On the one hand, they contribute to parasitic clearance, and on the other, they are responsible for pathological changes encountered in malaria. Cytokine-modulating strategies may represent a promising modern approach in disease management. In this review, we discuss the host immune response in malaria, analyzing the latest studies on the roles of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/7785180 |
| spellingShingle | Gabriela Loredana Popa Mircea Ioan Popa Recent Advances in Understanding the Inflammatory Response in Malaria: A Review of the Dual Role of Cytokines Journal of Immunology Research |
| title | Recent Advances in Understanding the Inflammatory Response in Malaria: A Review of the Dual Role of Cytokines |
| title_full | Recent Advances in Understanding the Inflammatory Response in Malaria: A Review of the Dual Role of Cytokines |
| title_fullStr | Recent Advances in Understanding the Inflammatory Response in Malaria: A Review of the Dual Role of Cytokines |
| title_full_unstemmed | Recent Advances in Understanding the Inflammatory Response in Malaria: A Review of the Dual Role of Cytokines |
| title_short | Recent Advances in Understanding the Inflammatory Response in Malaria: A Review of the Dual Role of Cytokines |
| title_sort | recent advances in understanding the inflammatory response in malaria a review of the dual role of cytokines |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/7785180 |
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