Absolute Capacitance Measurement by Direct Digital Fitting of Proportional Coefficient
In the realm of capacitance measurement, traditional methods that gauge capacitance through timing charge and discharge intervals frequently suffer from inaccuracies, particularly due to noise affecting voltage threshold detection. These techniques are also inefficient for high-capacitance component...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2025-04-01
|
| Series: | Applied Sciences |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/15/8/4589 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1850144691046055936 |
|---|---|
| author | Xuanze Wang Qian Shi Da Liu Boya Xie Siyuan Chen Junzhe Luo Peipei Lu |
| author_facet | Xuanze Wang Qian Shi Da Liu Boya Xie Siyuan Chen Junzhe Luo Peipei Lu |
| author_sort | Xuanze Wang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In the realm of capacitance measurement, traditional methods that gauge capacitance through timing charge and discharge intervals frequently suffer from inaccuracies, particularly due to noise affecting voltage threshold detection. These techniques are also inefficient for high-capacitance components, as their lengthy charge–discharge cycles limit the measurable range within a given period. To this end, a method for directly sampling and analyzing the input and output signals of an RC first-order system under square wave excitation is proposed for a wide range of capacitance measurements. By establishing a proportional relationship between the differentiated output signal and the difference between input and output signals, one can deduce the capacitance. To counteract noise-induced errors during differentiation, data smoothing is applied, enhancing accuracy. This technique achieves a relative standard deviation of less than 0.9% for capacitances from 60 pF to 60,000 pF, using a 100 kΩ reference resistor and continuous square waves. For capacitances above 800 pF, precision further improves to less than 0.2%. The approach leverages least squares fitting and outlier rejection to manage noise effectively. It remains independent of the capacitor’s initial state, ensuring broad-range accuracy and faster measurement times. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-2e90eb192b724b32964ea4e656704d2a |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2076-3417 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Applied Sciences |
| spelling | doaj-art-2e90eb192b724b32964ea4e656704d2a2025-08-20T02:28:16ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172025-04-01158458910.3390/app15084589Absolute Capacitance Measurement by Direct Digital Fitting of Proportional CoefficientXuanze Wang0Qian Shi1Da Liu2Boya Xie3Siyuan Chen4Junzhe Luo5Peipei Lu6Hubei Key Laboratory of Modern Manufacturing Quantity Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, ChinaHubei Key Laboratory of Modern Manufacturing Quantity Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, ChinaHubei Key Laboratory of Modern Manufacturing Quantity Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, ChinaHubei Key Laboratory of Modern Manufacturing Quantity Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, ChinaHubei Key Laboratory of Modern Manufacturing Quantity Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, ChinaHubei Key Laboratory of Modern Manufacturing Quantity Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, ChinaHubei Key Laboratory of Modern Manufacturing Quantity Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, ChinaIn the realm of capacitance measurement, traditional methods that gauge capacitance through timing charge and discharge intervals frequently suffer from inaccuracies, particularly due to noise affecting voltage threshold detection. These techniques are also inefficient for high-capacitance components, as their lengthy charge–discharge cycles limit the measurable range within a given period. To this end, a method for directly sampling and analyzing the input and output signals of an RC first-order system under square wave excitation is proposed for a wide range of capacitance measurements. By establishing a proportional relationship between the differentiated output signal and the difference between input and output signals, one can deduce the capacitance. To counteract noise-induced errors during differentiation, data smoothing is applied, enhancing accuracy. This technique achieves a relative standard deviation of less than 0.9% for capacitances from 60 pF to 60,000 pF, using a 100 kΩ reference resistor and continuous square waves. For capacitances above 800 pF, precision further improves to less than 0.2%. The approach leverages least squares fitting and outlier rejection to manage noise effectively. It remains independent of the capacitor’s initial state, ensuring broad-range accuracy and faster measurement times.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/15/8/4589square wave excitationhigh capacitance measurementsnumerical fittingdata smoothing |
| spellingShingle | Xuanze Wang Qian Shi Da Liu Boya Xie Siyuan Chen Junzhe Luo Peipei Lu Absolute Capacitance Measurement by Direct Digital Fitting of Proportional Coefficient Applied Sciences square wave excitation high capacitance measurements numerical fitting data smoothing |
| title | Absolute Capacitance Measurement by Direct Digital Fitting of Proportional Coefficient |
| title_full | Absolute Capacitance Measurement by Direct Digital Fitting of Proportional Coefficient |
| title_fullStr | Absolute Capacitance Measurement by Direct Digital Fitting of Proportional Coefficient |
| title_full_unstemmed | Absolute Capacitance Measurement by Direct Digital Fitting of Proportional Coefficient |
| title_short | Absolute Capacitance Measurement by Direct Digital Fitting of Proportional Coefficient |
| title_sort | absolute capacitance measurement by direct digital fitting of proportional coefficient |
| topic | square wave excitation high capacitance measurements numerical fitting data smoothing |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/15/8/4589 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT xuanzewang absolutecapacitancemeasurementbydirectdigitalfittingofproportionalcoefficient AT qianshi absolutecapacitancemeasurementbydirectdigitalfittingofproportionalcoefficient AT daliu absolutecapacitancemeasurementbydirectdigitalfittingofproportionalcoefficient AT boyaxie absolutecapacitancemeasurementbydirectdigitalfittingofproportionalcoefficient AT siyuanchen absolutecapacitancemeasurementbydirectdigitalfittingofproportionalcoefficient AT junzheluo absolutecapacitancemeasurementbydirectdigitalfittingofproportionalcoefficient AT peipeilu absolutecapacitancemeasurementbydirectdigitalfittingofproportionalcoefficient |