Antibiofilm effect of Nano chitosan and calcium hydroxide intracanal medications and their effects on the microhardness and chemical structure of radicular dentine

Abstract Background Disinfection of the root canal system is a challenge to all clinicians, calcium hydroxide Ca(OH)2, one of the most popular intracanal medications used for this purpose, has some unwanted effects on dentine. This study aimed to investigate the antibiofilm effect of Nanochitosan (C...

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Main Authors: Maha Nasr, Ahmed Abdou, Dina M. Bassiouny, Reham Hassan
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-01-01
Series:BMC Oral Health
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12903-025-05462-z
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author Maha Nasr
Ahmed Abdou
Dina M. Bassiouny
Reham Hassan
author_facet Maha Nasr
Ahmed Abdou
Dina M. Bassiouny
Reham Hassan
author_sort Maha Nasr
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Background Disinfection of the root canal system is a challenge to all clinicians, calcium hydroxide Ca(OH)2, one of the most popular intracanal medications used for this purpose, has some unwanted effects on dentine. This study aimed to investigate the antibiofilm effect of Nanochitosan (CSNPs) and Calcium hydroxide Ca(OH)2 intra canal medications and their effect on the microhardness and chemical structure of radicular dentine. Methodology A total of 52 extracted human mandibular premolars were used. Eighteen premolars were instrumented, sterilized, and inoculated with Enterococcus faecalis ( E. faecalis) then divided randomly into 2 groups based on the intracanal medication used: group (A) 2% CSNPs gel and group (B) Ca(OH)2 paste. Antibiofilm effect was evaluated using bacterial counts. For the effect on microhardness, 56 specimens were subjected to Vicker’s microhardness test before and after 1 week, and 4 weeks of medication application. Twelve cervical radicular dentine specimens (6 samples per group) were examined using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscope. Results Both groups showed a significant reduction in the bacterial count at (p = 0.008) with no significant difference between them (P = 0.605). Ca(OH)2 showed the highest reduction in the microhardness compared to CSNPs groups after 1 week (P = 0.0495) and after 4 weeks (P = 0.0495). FTIR spectrum results revealed that the control group (no treatment) showed the highest significant Phosphate: amide ratio compared to both CSNPs and Ca(OH)2 at p = 0.006. SEM images revealed absence of discernible smear layer in CSNPs treated samples after 4 weeks and all the dentinal tubules were open. Conclusions Nanochitosan gel could be considered as a viable option as an intra canal medication.
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spelling doaj-art-2dcfb75265694f7ca6ce21964f19059d2025-01-26T12:55:07ZengBMCBMC Oral Health1472-68312025-01-0125111210.1186/s12903-025-05462-zAntibiofilm effect of Nano chitosan and calcium hydroxide intracanal medications and their effects on the microhardness and chemical structure of radicular dentineMaha Nasr0Ahmed Abdou1Dina M. Bassiouny2Reham Hassan3Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Egyptian Russian UniversityDepartment of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of MalayaClinical and Chemical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo UniversityDepartment of Endodontics, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Egyptian Russian UniversityAbstract Background Disinfection of the root canal system is a challenge to all clinicians, calcium hydroxide Ca(OH)2, one of the most popular intracanal medications used for this purpose, has some unwanted effects on dentine. This study aimed to investigate the antibiofilm effect of Nanochitosan (CSNPs) and Calcium hydroxide Ca(OH)2 intra canal medications and their effect on the microhardness and chemical structure of radicular dentine. Methodology A total of 52 extracted human mandibular premolars were used. Eighteen premolars were instrumented, sterilized, and inoculated with Enterococcus faecalis ( E. faecalis) then divided randomly into 2 groups based on the intracanal medication used: group (A) 2% CSNPs gel and group (B) Ca(OH)2 paste. Antibiofilm effect was evaluated using bacterial counts. For the effect on microhardness, 56 specimens were subjected to Vicker’s microhardness test before and after 1 week, and 4 weeks of medication application. Twelve cervical radicular dentine specimens (6 samples per group) were examined using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscope. Results Both groups showed a significant reduction in the bacterial count at (p = 0.008) with no significant difference between them (P = 0.605). Ca(OH)2 showed the highest reduction in the microhardness compared to CSNPs groups after 1 week (P = 0.0495) and after 4 weeks (P = 0.0495). FTIR spectrum results revealed that the control group (no treatment) showed the highest significant Phosphate: amide ratio compared to both CSNPs and Ca(OH)2 at p = 0.006. SEM images revealed absence of discernible smear layer in CSNPs treated samples after 4 weeks and all the dentinal tubules were open. Conclusions Nanochitosan gel could be considered as a viable option as an intra canal medication.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12903-025-05462-zAntibiofilmE. FaecalisFourier transform infrared spectroscopyMicrohardnessNanochitosan
spellingShingle Maha Nasr
Ahmed Abdou
Dina M. Bassiouny
Reham Hassan
Antibiofilm effect of Nano chitosan and calcium hydroxide intracanal medications and their effects on the microhardness and chemical structure of radicular dentine
BMC Oral Health
Antibiofilm
E. Faecalis
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy
Microhardness
Nanochitosan
title Antibiofilm effect of Nano chitosan and calcium hydroxide intracanal medications and their effects on the microhardness and chemical structure of radicular dentine
title_full Antibiofilm effect of Nano chitosan and calcium hydroxide intracanal medications and their effects on the microhardness and chemical structure of radicular dentine
title_fullStr Antibiofilm effect of Nano chitosan and calcium hydroxide intracanal medications and their effects on the microhardness and chemical structure of radicular dentine
title_full_unstemmed Antibiofilm effect of Nano chitosan and calcium hydroxide intracanal medications and their effects on the microhardness and chemical structure of radicular dentine
title_short Antibiofilm effect of Nano chitosan and calcium hydroxide intracanal medications and their effects on the microhardness and chemical structure of radicular dentine
title_sort antibiofilm effect of nano chitosan and calcium hydroxide intracanal medications and their effects on the microhardness and chemical structure of radicular dentine
topic Antibiofilm
E. Faecalis
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy
Microhardness
Nanochitosan
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s12903-025-05462-z
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