Neuroinflammatory Mechanisms of Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Neurodegeneration in Glaucoma
The exact mechanism of retinal ganglion cell loss in the pathogenesis of glaucoma is yet to be understood. Mitochondrial damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) resulting from mitochondrial dysfunction have been linked to Leber’s hereditary optic neuropathy and autosomal dominant optic atrophy,...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2021-01-01
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| Series: | Journal of Ophthalmology |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/4581909 |
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| _version_ | 1832550264758861824 |
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| author | Joao N. Duarte |
| author_facet | Joao N. Duarte |
| author_sort | Joao N. Duarte |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The exact mechanism of retinal ganglion cell loss in the pathogenesis of glaucoma is yet to be understood. Mitochondrial damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) resulting from mitochondrial dysfunction have been linked to Leber’s hereditary optic neuropathy and autosomal dominant optic atrophy, as well as to brain neurodegenerative diseases. Recent evidence shows that, in conditions where mitochondria are damaged, a sustained inflammatory response and downstream pathological inflammation may ensue. Mitochondrial damage has been linked to the accumulation of age-related mitochondrial DNA mutations and mitochondrial dysfunction, possibly through aberrant reactive oxygen species production and defective mitophagy. The present review focuses on how mitochondrial dysfunction may overwhelm the ability of neurons and glial cells to adequately maintain homeostasis and how mitochondria-derived DAMPs trigger the immune system and induce neurodegeneration. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-2db92f00cbc54cb09635933e258f026a |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2090-004X 2090-0058 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2021-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Ophthalmology |
| spelling | doaj-art-2db92f00cbc54cb09635933e258f026a2025-02-03T06:07:17ZengWileyJournal of Ophthalmology2090-004X2090-00582021-01-01202110.1155/2021/45819094581909Neuroinflammatory Mechanisms of Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Neurodegeneration in GlaucomaJoao N. Duarte0Neuroinflammation Unit, Biotech Research & Innovation Center, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, DenmarkThe exact mechanism of retinal ganglion cell loss in the pathogenesis of glaucoma is yet to be understood. Mitochondrial damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) resulting from mitochondrial dysfunction have been linked to Leber’s hereditary optic neuropathy and autosomal dominant optic atrophy, as well as to brain neurodegenerative diseases. Recent evidence shows that, in conditions where mitochondria are damaged, a sustained inflammatory response and downstream pathological inflammation may ensue. Mitochondrial damage has been linked to the accumulation of age-related mitochondrial DNA mutations and mitochondrial dysfunction, possibly through aberrant reactive oxygen species production and defective mitophagy. The present review focuses on how mitochondrial dysfunction may overwhelm the ability of neurons and glial cells to adequately maintain homeostasis and how mitochondria-derived DAMPs trigger the immune system and induce neurodegeneration.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/4581909 |
| spellingShingle | Joao N. Duarte Neuroinflammatory Mechanisms of Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Neurodegeneration in Glaucoma Journal of Ophthalmology |
| title | Neuroinflammatory Mechanisms of Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Neurodegeneration in Glaucoma |
| title_full | Neuroinflammatory Mechanisms of Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Neurodegeneration in Glaucoma |
| title_fullStr | Neuroinflammatory Mechanisms of Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Neurodegeneration in Glaucoma |
| title_full_unstemmed | Neuroinflammatory Mechanisms of Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Neurodegeneration in Glaucoma |
| title_short | Neuroinflammatory Mechanisms of Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Neurodegeneration in Glaucoma |
| title_sort | neuroinflammatory mechanisms of mitochondrial dysfunction and neurodegeneration in glaucoma |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/4581909 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT joaonduarte neuroinflammatorymechanismsofmitochondrialdysfunctionandneurodegenerationinglaucoma |