Oral Sulforaphane Intervention Protects Against Diabetic Cardiomyopathy in db/db Mice: Focus on Cardiac Lipotoxicity and Substrate Metabolism

The protective effect of cruciferae-derived sulforaphane (SFN) on diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) has garnered increasing attention. However, no studies have specifically explored its mechanistic involvement in cardiac substrate metabolism and mitochondrial function. To address this gap, Type 2 diabet...

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Main Authors: Pan Wang, Ziling Wang, Xinyuan Jin, Mengdi Zhang, Mengfan Shen, Dan Li
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-05-01
Series:Antioxidants
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/14/5/603
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author Pan Wang
Ziling Wang
Xinyuan Jin
Mengdi Zhang
Mengfan Shen
Dan Li
author_facet Pan Wang
Ziling Wang
Xinyuan Jin
Mengdi Zhang
Mengfan Shen
Dan Li
author_sort Pan Wang
collection DOAJ
description The protective effect of cruciferae-derived sulforaphane (SFN) on diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) has garnered increasing attention. However, no studies have specifically explored its mechanistic involvement in cardiac substrate metabolism and mitochondrial function. To address this gap, Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) db/db mice were orally gavaged with vehicle or 10 mg/kg body weight SFN every other day for 16 weeks, with vehicle-treated wild-type mice as controls. SFN intervention (SFN-I) alleviated hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, HOMA-IR, serum MDA levels, and liver inflammation. Furthermore, SFN-I improved the lipotoxicity-related phenotype of T2DM cardiomyopathy, manifested as attenuation of diastolic dysfunction, cardiac injury, fibrosis, lipid accumulation and peroxidation, ROS generation, and decreased mitochondrial complex I and II activities and ATP content, despite having no effect on ceramide abnormalities. Protein expression data revealed that the model mice exhibited upregulated cardiac CD36, H-FABP, FATP4, CPT1B, PPARα, and PDK4 but downregulated GLUT4, with unchanged MPC1 and MPC2. Notably, SFN-I significantly attenuated the increase in CD36, H-FABP, CPT1B, and PPARα. These results suggest that chronic oral SFN-I protects against DCM by mitigating overall metabolic dysregulation and inhibiting cardiolipotoxicity. The latter might involve controlling cardiac fatty acid metabolism and improving mitochondrial function, rather than promoting glucose metabolism.
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spelling doaj-art-2bcbb6872eec42cf84ccbda657cf84582025-08-20T02:33:39ZengMDPI AGAntioxidants2076-39212025-05-0114560310.3390/antiox14050603Oral Sulforaphane Intervention Protects Against Diabetic Cardiomyopathy in db/db Mice: Focus on Cardiac Lipotoxicity and Substrate MetabolismPan Wang0Ziling Wang1Xinyuan Jin2Mengdi Zhang3Mengfan Shen4Dan Li5Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, ChinaDepartment of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, ChinaDepartment of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, ChinaDepartment of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, ChinaDepartment of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, ChinaDepartment of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, ChinaThe protective effect of cruciferae-derived sulforaphane (SFN) on diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) has garnered increasing attention. However, no studies have specifically explored its mechanistic involvement in cardiac substrate metabolism and mitochondrial function. To address this gap, Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) db/db mice were orally gavaged with vehicle or 10 mg/kg body weight SFN every other day for 16 weeks, with vehicle-treated wild-type mice as controls. SFN intervention (SFN-I) alleviated hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, HOMA-IR, serum MDA levels, and liver inflammation. Furthermore, SFN-I improved the lipotoxicity-related phenotype of T2DM cardiomyopathy, manifested as attenuation of diastolic dysfunction, cardiac injury, fibrosis, lipid accumulation and peroxidation, ROS generation, and decreased mitochondrial complex I and II activities and ATP content, despite having no effect on ceramide abnormalities. Protein expression data revealed that the model mice exhibited upregulated cardiac CD36, H-FABP, FATP4, CPT1B, PPARα, and PDK4 but downregulated GLUT4, with unchanged MPC1 and MPC2. Notably, SFN-I significantly attenuated the increase in CD36, H-FABP, CPT1B, and PPARα. These results suggest that chronic oral SFN-I protects against DCM by mitigating overall metabolic dysregulation and inhibiting cardiolipotoxicity. The latter might involve controlling cardiac fatty acid metabolism and improving mitochondrial function, rather than promoting glucose metabolism.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/14/5/603sulforaphanecruciferaediabetic cardiomyopathydiabetes mellituslipotoxicitysubstrate metabolism
spellingShingle Pan Wang
Ziling Wang
Xinyuan Jin
Mengdi Zhang
Mengfan Shen
Dan Li
Oral Sulforaphane Intervention Protects Against Diabetic Cardiomyopathy in db/db Mice: Focus on Cardiac Lipotoxicity and Substrate Metabolism
Antioxidants
sulforaphane
cruciferae
diabetic cardiomyopathy
diabetes mellitus
lipotoxicity
substrate metabolism
title Oral Sulforaphane Intervention Protects Against Diabetic Cardiomyopathy in db/db Mice: Focus on Cardiac Lipotoxicity and Substrate Metabolism
title_full Oral Sulforaphane Intervention Protects Against Diabetic Cardiomyopathy in db/db Mice: Focus on Cardiac Lipotoxicity and Substrate Metabolism
title_fullStr Oral Sulforaphane Intervention Protects Against Diabetic Cardiomyopathy in db/db Mice: Focus on Cardiac Lipotoxicity and Substrate Metabolism
title_full_unstemmed Oral Sulforaphane Intervention Protects Against Diabetic Cardiomyopathy in db/db Mice: Focus on Cardiac Lipotoxicity and Substrate Metabolism
title_short Oral Sulforaphane Intervention Protects Against Diabetic Cardiomyopathy in db/db Mice: Focus on Cardiac Lipotoxicity and Substrate Metabolism
title_sort oral sulforaphane intervention protects against diabetic cardiomyopathy in db db mice focus on cardiac lipotoxicity and substrate metabolism
topic sulforaphane
cruciferae
diabetic cardiomyopathy
diabetes mellitus
lipotoxicity
substrate metabolism
url https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/14/5/603
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