Smoking Induces the Circulating Levels of Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 and Its Association with Cardiovascular Risk in Young Smokers
Objective: Smoking causes cardiovascular risk, which may alter the stability between the production and degradation of the extracellular matrix. Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) is a zinc-containing endopeptidase that degrades the extracellular matrix and is involved in tissue remodelling and seve...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Galenos Publishing House
2022-12-01
|
| Series: | Medeniyet Medical Journal |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://jag.journalagent.com/z4/download_fulltext.asp?pdir=medeniyet&un=MEDJ-45057 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1832581940508622848 |
|---|---|
| author | Dinesh NATH Meera SHIVASEKAR V. M. VINODHINI |
| author_facet | Dinesh NATH Meera SHIVASEKAR V. M. VINODHINI |
| author_sort | Dinesh NATH |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Objective: Smoking causes cardiovascular risk, which may alter the stability between the production and degradation of the extracellular matrix. Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) is a zinc-containing endopeptidase that degrades the extracellular matrix and is involved in tissue remodelling and several physiological processes. As a result, smoking-induced elevated serum MMP-9 levels, particularly at a younger age, raise the risk of coronary heart disease (CHD). Thus, this study aimed to determine the possible relationship between smoking-induced circulating MMP-9 and the risk of cardiovascular disease in young smokers.
Methods: In this cross-sectional study, the patients were divided into three groups. Each group contains 120 study participants. Group one consisted of 120 healthy individuals with no physical and mental illness, group two consisted of 120 active smokers with a heart disease, and group three consisted of 120 active smokers with a heart disease and diabetes, who attended Sri Ramaswamy Memorial Hospital for cardiology checkup at the age of 20-55 years. The serum MMP-9, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), and apolipoprotein-E (APO-E) levels were analyzed using the ELISA method, and the lipid levels were measured enzymatically using AU480 automatic analyzer (Beckman Coulter).
Results: Compared with non-smokers, the study shows that the mean serum MMP-9, hs-CRP, and APO-E levels were significantly higher in smokers (p<0.001). A strong relationship was also found between MMP-9 and hs-CRP, APO-E, smoking load, and smoking intensity.
Conclusions: A significant association was found between cigarette smoking with MMP-9, and relative exposure to circulating inflammation markers plays a potential role in the pathogenesis of CHD. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-2b73f51f8bb04f7f9809dd7b474ecfdc |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2149-2042 2149-4606 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2022-12-01 |
| publisher | Galenos Publishing House |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Medeniyet Medical Journal |
| spelling | doaj-art-2b73f51f8bb04f7f9809dd7b474ecfdc2025-01-30T07:07:34ZengGalenos Publishing HouseMedeniyet Medical Journal2149-20422149-46062022-12-0137430631210.4274/MMJ.galenos.2022.45057MEDJ-45057Smoking Induces the Circulating Levels of Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 and Its Association with Cardiovascular Risk in Young SmokersDinesh NATH0Meera SHIVASEKAR1V. M. VINODHINI2SRM Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, SRMIST, Department of Biochemistry, Kattankulthur, Tamil Nadu, IndiaSRM Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, SRMIST, Department of Biochemistry, Kattankulthur, Tamil Nadu, IndiaSRM Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, SRMIST, Department of Biochemistry, Kattankulthur, Tamil Nadu, IndiaObjective: Smoking causes cardiovascular risk, which may alter the stability between the production and degradation of the extracellular matrix. Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) is a zinc-containing endopeptidase that degrades the extracellular matrix and is involved in tissue remodelling and several physiological processes. As a result, smoking-induced elevated serum MMP-9 levels, particularly at a younger age, raise the risk of coronary heart disease (CHD). Thus, this study aimed to determine the possible relationship between smoking-induced circulating MMP-9 and the risk of cardiovascular disease in young smokers. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, the patients were divided into three groups. Each group contains 120 study participants. Group one consisted of 120 healthy individuals with no physical and mental illness, group two consisted of 120 active smokers with a heart disease, and group three consisted of 120 active smokers with a heart disease and diabetes, who attended Sri Ramaswamy Memorial Hospital for cardiology checkup at the age of 20-55 years. The serum MMP-9, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), and apolipoprotein-E (APO-E) levels were analyzed using the ELISA method, and the lipid levels were measured enzymatically using AU480 automatic analyzer (Beckman Coulter). Results: Compared with non-smokers, the study shows that the mean serum MMP-9, hs-CRP, and APO-E levels were significantly higher in smokers (p<0.001). A strong relationship was also found between MMP-9 and hs-CRP, APO-E, smoking load, and smoking intensity. Conclusions: A significant association was found between cigarette smoking with MMP-9, and relative exposure to circulating inflammation markers plays a potential role in the pathogenesis of CHD.https://jag.journalagent.com/z4/download_fulltext.asp?pdir=medeniyet&un=MEDJ-45057apo-ecardiovascular diseasehs-crpmatrix metalloproteinase-9smoking |
| spellingShingle | Dinesh NATH Meera SHIVASEKAR V. M. VINODHINI Smoking Induces the Circulating Levels of Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 and Its Association with Cardiovascular Risk in Young Smokers Medeniyet Medical Journal apo-e cardiovascular disease hs-crp matrix metalloproteinase-9 smoking |
| title | Smoking Induces the Circulating Levels of Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 and Its Association with Cardiovascular Risk in Young Smokers |
| title_full | Smoking Induces the Circulating Levels of Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 and Its Association with Cardiovascular Risk in Young Smokers |
| title_fullStr | Smoking Induces the Circulating Levels of Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 and Its Association with Cardiovascular Risk in Young Smokers |
| title_full_unstemmed | Smoking Induces the Circulating Levels of Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 and Its Association with Cardiovascular Risk in Young Smokers |
| title_short | Smoking Induces the Circulating Levels of Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 and Its Association with Cardiovascular Risk in Young Smokers |
| title_sort | smoking induces the circulating levels of matrix metalloproteinase 9 and its association with cardiovascular risk in young smokers |
| topic | apo-e cardiovascular disease hs-crp matrix metalloproteinase-9 smoking |
| url | https://jag.journalagent.com/z4/download_fulltext.asp?pdir=medeniyet&un=MEDJ-45057 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT dineshnath smokinginducesthecirculatinglevelsofmatrixmetalloproteinase9anditsassociationwithcardiovascularriskinyoungsmokers AT meerashivasekar smokinginducesthecirculatinglevelsofmatrixmetalloproteinase9anditsassociationwithcardiovascularriskinyoungsmokers AT vmvinodhini smokinginducesthecirculatinglevelsofmatrixmetalloproteinase9anditsassociationwithcardiovascularriskinyoungsmokers |