HIV Interacts with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder to Impact Fear Psychophysiology in Trauma-Exposed Black Women
Background: The prevalence of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among people living with HIV (PLWH) is higher than in the general population and can impact health behaviors. The influence of HIV on PTSD psychophysiology requires further investigation due to implications for the treatment of PTSD...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Mary Ann Liebert
2024-04-01
|
| Series: | Women's Health Reports |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/10.1089/whr.2023.0133 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1850137210913816576 |
|---|---|
| author | Susie Turkson Sanne J.H. van Rooij Abigail Powers Ighovwerha Ofotokun Seth D. Norrholm Gretchen N. Neigh Tanja Jovanovic Vasiliki Michopoulos |
| author_facet | Susie Turkson Sanne J.H. van Rooij Abigail Powers Ighovwerha Ofotokun Seth D. Norrholm Gretchen N. Neigh Tanja Jovanovic Vasiliki Michopoulos |
| author_sort | Susie Turkson |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: The prevalence of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among people living with HIV (PLWH) is higher than in the general population and can impact health behaviors. The influence of HIV on PTSD psychophysiology requires further investigation due to implications for the treatment of PTSD in PLWH. Objective: Utilizing fear-potentiated startle (FPS), we aimed to interrogate the influence of PTSD and HIV on fear responses. Materials and Methods: Women (18–65 years of age) recruited from the Women's Interagency HIV Study in Atlanta, GA (n = 70, 26 without HIV and 44 with HIV), provided informed consent and completed a semistructured interview to assess trauma exposure and PTSD symptom severity. Participants also underwent an FPS paradigm to assess fear acquisition and extinction: Psychophysiological indices that measure how individuals learn new fear and then subsequently attempt to suppress this fear. Results: Women with PTSD, who did not have HIV, exhibited a greater startle response compared to women without PTSD or HIV during late acquisition to both the danger cue, reinforced conditioned stimulus (CS+, p = 0.013)), and the safety cue, non-reinforced conditioned stimulus (CS–, p = 0.046)), whereas women living with HIV (WLH) and PTSD demonstrated blunted fear responses compared to women with PTSD only. During extinction, WLH comorbid with PTSD exhibited an increased fear response during the extinction period in comparison to all other groups (p = 0.023). Women without PTSD demonstrated a reduction in the fear response during extinction regardless of HIV status. Conclusion: Our findings indicate that HIV further modifies fear psychophysiology in WLH with comorbid PTSD, highlighting the importance of considering HIV status in conjunction with PTSD treatment. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-2b09e8de7f1a4c35a6d855fa6e116fbb |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2688-4844 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-04-01 |
| publisher | Mary Ann Liebert |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Women's Health Reports |
| spelling | doaj-art-2b09e8de7f1a4c35a6d855fa6e116fbb2025-08-20T02:30:55ZengMary Ann LiebertWomen's Health Reports2688-48442024-04-015123124110.1089/whr.2023.0133HIV Interacts with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder to Impact Fear Psychophysiology in Trauma-Exposed Black WomenSusie Turkson0Sanne J.H. van Rooij1Abigail Powers2Ighovwerha Ofotokun3Seth D. Norrholm4Gretchen N. Neigh5Tanja Jovanovic6Vasiliki Michopoulos7Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA.Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA.Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA.Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA.Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.Background: The prevalence of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among people living with HIV (PLWH) is higher than in the general population and can impact health behaviors. The influence of HIV on PTSD psychophysiology requires further investigation due to implications for the treatment of PTSD in PLWH. Objective: Utilizing fear-potentiated startle (FPS), we aimed to interrogate the influence of PTSD and HIV on fear responses. Materials and Methods: Women (18–65 years of age) recruited from the Women's Interagency HIV Study in Atlanta, GA (n = 70, 26 without HIV and 44 with HIV), provided informed consent and completed a semistructured interview to assess trauma exposure and PTSD symptom severity. Participants also underwent an FPS paradigm to assess fear acquisition and extinction: Psychophysiological indices that measure how individuals learn new fear and then subsequently attempt to suppress this fear. Results: Women with PTSD, who did not have HIV, exhibited a greater startle response compared to women without PTSD or HIV during late acquisition to both the danger cue, reinforced conditioned stimulus (CS+, p = 0.013)), and the safety cue, non-reinforced conditioned stimulus (CS–, p = 0.046)), whereas women living with HIV (WLH) and PTSD demonstrated blunted fear responses compared to women with PTSD only. During extinction, WLH comorbid with PTSD exhibited an increased fear response during the extinction period in comparison to all other groups (p = 0.023). Women without PTSD demonstrated a reduction in the fear response during extinction regardless of HIV status. Conclusion: Our findings indicate that HIV further modifies fear psychophysiology in WLH with comorbid PTSD, highlighting the importance of considering HIV status in conjunction with PTSD treatment.https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/10.1089/whr.2023.0133HIVchildhood traumawomenPTSD |
| spellingShingle | Susie Turkson Sanne J.H. van Rooij Abigail Powers Ighovwerha Ofotokun Seth D. Norrholm Gretchen N. Neigh Tanja Jovanovic Vasiliki Michopoulos HIV Interacts with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder to Impact Fear Psychophysiology in Trauma-Exposed Black Women Women's Health Reports HIV childhood trauma women PTSD |
| title | HIV Interacts with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder to Impact Fear Psychophysiology in Trauma-Exposed Black Women |
| title_full | HIV Interacts with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder to Impact Fear Psychophysiology in Trauma-Exposed Black Women |
| title_fullStr | HIV Interacts with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder to Impact Fear Psychophysiology in Trauma-Exposed Black Women |
| title_full_unstemmed | HIV Interacts with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder to Impact Fear Psychophysiology in Trauma-Exposed Black Women |
| title_short | HIV Interacts with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder to Impact Fear Psychophysiology in Trauma-Exposed Black Women |
| title_sort | hiv interacts with posttraumatic stress disorder to impact fear psychophysiology in trauma exposed black women |
| topic | HIV childhood trauma women PTSD |
| url | https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/10.1089/whr.2023.0133 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT susieturkson hivinteractswithposttraumaticstressdisordertoimpactfearpsychophysiologyintraumaexposedblackwomen AT sannejhvanrooij hivinteractswithposttraumaticstressdisordertoimpactfearpsychophysiologyintraumaexposedblackwomen AT abigailpowers hivinteractswithposttraumaticstressdisordertoimpactfearpsychophysiologyintraumaexposedblackwomen AT ighovwerhaofotokun hivinteractswithposttraumaticstressdisordertoimpactfearpsychophysiologyintraumaexposedblackwomen AT sethdnorrholm hivinteractswithposttraumaticstressdisordertoimpactfearpsychophysiologyintraumaexposedblackwomen AT gretchennneigh hivinteractswithposttraumaticstressdisordertoimpactfearpsychophysiologyintraumaexposedblackwomen AT tanjajovanovic hivinteractswithposttraumaticstressdisordertoimpactfearpsychophysiologyintraumaexposedblackwomen AT vasilikimichopoulos hivinteractswithposttraumaticstressdisordertoimpactfearpsychophysiologyintraumaexposedblackwomen |