A comprehensive literature review on the oral microbiota: key concepts and implications for dental and systemic health
The oral microbiota plays a crucial role in maintaining oral health by forming a dynamic ecosystem across the buccal components. It contributes to oral homeostasis through pathogen defense, pH regulation, local immune support, biofilm formation, nutrient metabolism, and microbial balance preserva...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
ResearchersLinks, Ltd
2024-12-01
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| Series: | Novel Research in Microbiology Journal |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://nrmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_395689_21d35f417675fc6390e0fedd500a7591.pdf |
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| Summary: | The oral microbiota plays a crucial role in maintaining oral health by forming a dynamic
ecosystem across the buccal components. It contributes to oral homeostasis through pathogen
defense, pH regulation, local immune support, biofilm formation, nutrient metabolism, and
microbial balance preservation. Dental biofilms influence oral health by maintaining balance
or contributing to conditions such as dental caries and periodontal diseases. Advancements in
studying the oral microbiota have evolved from culture-dependent to culture-independent
methods. Next-generation sequencing technologies such as Illumina platforms, have
revolutionized the human understanding by revealing comprehensive microbial composition
and functional insights. These methods collectively deepen our understanding of oral
microbial communities, which are pivotal for maintaining both oral and systemic health. This
review aims to explore dental caries, periodontal diseases, and other oral infections, detailing
their symptoms, progression, and treatments. Dental caries manifests several symptoms from
toothache to abscesses, managed through oral hygiene and restorative procedures. Periodontal
diseases cause gum inflammation, necessitating plaque control, deep cleaning, and/ or surgery
for resolution. Other infections, including canker sores, oral candidiasis, and herpes are
discussed alongside their treatments such as topical agents, antifungals, and antivirals.
Conventional treatments encompass antibiotics, antifungals, chlorhexidine, and invasive
procedures, thus effectively eliminate pathogens and restore oral health. |
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| ISSN: | 2537-0286 2537-0294 |