Altitudinal Variations in Coniferous Vegetation and Soil Carbon Storage in Kalam Temperate Forest, Pakistan

Understanding the complex interplay among altitudinal gradients, tree species diversity, structural attributes, and soil carbon (C) is critical for effective coniferous forest management and climate change mitigation. This study addresses a knowledge gap by investigating the effects of altitudinal g...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Bilal Muhammad, Umer Hayat, Lakshmi Gopakumar, Shuangjiang Xiong, Jamshid Ali, Muhammad Tariq Badshah, Saif Ullah, Arif UR Rehman, Qun Yin, Zhongkui Jia
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-05-01
Series:Plants
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/14/10/1534
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