Suppression Effects of Betaine-Enriched Spinach on Hyperhomocysteinemia Induced by Guanidinoacetic Acid and Choline Deficiency in Rats
Betaine is an important natural component of rich food sources, especially spinach. Rats were fed diets with betaine or spinach powder at the same level of betaine for 10 days to investigate the dose-dependent effects of spinach powder supplementation on hyperhomocysteinemia induced by guanidinoacet...
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| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2014-01-01
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| Series: | The Scientific World Journal |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/904501 |
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| author | Yi-Qun Liu Zheng Jia Feng Han Takahiro Inakuma Tatsuya Miyashita Kimio Sugiyama Li-Cui Sun Xue-Song Xiang Zhen-Wu Huang |
| author_facet | Yi-Qun Liu Zheng Jia Feng Han Takahiro Inakuma Tatsuya Miyashita Kimio Sugiyama Li-Cui Sun Xue-Song Xiang Zhen-Wu Huang |
| author_sort | Yi-Qun Liu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Betaine is an important natural component of rich food sources, especially spinach. Rats were fed diets with betaine or spinach powder at the same level of betaine for 10 days to investigate the dose-dependent effects of spinach powder supplementation on hyperhomocysteinemia induced by guanidinoacetic acid (GAA) addition and choline deprivation. The GAA-induced hyperhomocysteinemia in rats fed 25% casein diet (25C) was significantly suppressed by supplementation with betaine or spinach, and it was completely suppressed by taking 11.0% spinach supplementation. The choline deprivation-induced enhancement of plasma homocysteine concentration in rats fed 25% soybean protein diet (25S) was markedly suppressed by 3.82% spinach. Supplementation with betaine or spinach partially prevented the effects of GAA on hepatic concentrations of methionine metabolites. The decrease in activity of betaine-homocysteine S-methyltransferase (BHMT) and cystathionine β-synthase (CBS) in GAA-induced hyperhomocysteinemia was recovered by supplementation with betaine or spinach. Supplementation with betaine or spinach did not affect BHMT activity, whereas it partially restored CBS activity in choline-deprived 25S. The results indicated that betaine or spinach could completely suppress the hyperhomocysteinemia induced by choline deficiency resulting from stimulating the homocysteine removal by both remethylation and cystathionine formation. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-29d9cf7da4ae4e88b0ecf337d8fdf4c0 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2356-6140 1537-744X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2014-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | The Scientific World Journal |
| spelling | doaj-art-29d9cf7da4ae4e88b0ecf337d8fdf4c02025-02-03T06:00:29ZengWileyThe Scientific World Journal2356-61401537-744X2014-01-01201410.1155/2014/904501904501Suppression Effects of Betaine-Enriched Spinach on Hyperhomocysteinemia Induced by Guanidinoacetic Acid and Choline Deficiency in RatsYi-Qun Liu0Zheng Jia1Feng Han2Takahiro Inakuma3Tatsuya Miyashita4Kimio Sugiyama5Li-Cui Sun6Xue-Song Xiang7Zhen-Wu Huang8National Institute for Nutrition and Food Safety, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 27 Nanwei Road, Xicheng District, Beijing 100050, ChinaDepartment of Clinical Medicine, Tangshan Vocational and Technical College, Tangshan 063004, ChinaNational Institute for Nutrition and Food Safety, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 27 Nanwei Road, Xicheng District, Beijing 100050, ChinaKAGOME Co. Ltd. Research Institute, 3-14-15, Nishiki, Naka-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 460-0003, JapanKAGOME Co. Ltd. Research Institute, 3-14-15, Nishiki, Naka-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 460-0003, JapanDepartment of Applied Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8529, JapanNational Institute for Nutrition and Food Safety, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 27 Nanwei Road, Xicheng District, Beijing 100050, ChinaNational Institute for Nutrition and Food Safety, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 27 Nanwei Road, Xicheng District, Beijing 100050, ChinaNational Institute for Nutrition and Food Safety, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 27 Nanwei Road, Xicheng District, Beijing 100050, ChinaBetaine is an important natural component of rich food sources, especially spinach. Rats were fed diets with betaine or spinach powder at the same level of betaine for 10 days to investigate the dose-dependent effects of spinach powder supplementation on hyperhomocysteinemia induced by guanidinoacetic acid (GAA) addition and choline deprivation. The GAA-induced hyperhomocysteinemia in rats fed 25% casein diet (25C) was significantly suppressed by supplementation with betaine or spinach, and it was completely suppressed by taking 11.0% spinach supplementation. The choline deprivation-induced enhancement of plasma homocysteine concentration in rats fed 25% soybean protein diet (25S) was markedly suppressed by 3.82% spinach. Supplementation with betaine or spinach partially prevented the effects of GAA on hepatic concentrations of methionine metabolites. The decrease in activity of betaine-homocysteine S-methyltransferase (BHMT) and cystathionine β-synthase (CBS) in GAA-induced hyperhomocysteinemia was recovered by supplementation with betaine or spinach. Supplementation with betaine or spinach did not affect BHMT activity, whereas it partially restored CBS activity in choline-deprived 25S. The results indicated that betaine or spinach could completely suppress the hyperhomocysteinemia induced by choline deficiency resulting from stimulating the homocysteine removal by both remethylation and cystathionine formation.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/904501 |
| spellingShingle | Yi-Qun Liu Zheng Jia Feng Han Takahiro Inakuma Tatsuya Miyashita Kimio Sugiyama Li-Cui Sun Xue-Song Xiang Zhen-Wu Huang Suppression Effects of Betaine-Enriched Spinach on Hyperhomocysteinemia Induced by Guanidinoacetic Acid and Choline Deficiency in Rats The Scientific World Journal |
| title | Suppression Effects of Betaine-Enriched Spinach on Hyperhomocysteinemia Induced by Guanidinoacetic Acid and Choline Deficiency in Rats |
| title_full | Suppression Effects of Betaine-Enriched Spinach on Hyperhomocysteinemia Induced by Guanidinoacetic Acid and Choline Deficiency in Rats |
| title_fullStr | Suppression Effects of Betaine-Enriched Spinach on Hyperhomocysteinemia Induced by Guanidinoacetic Acid and Choline Deficiency in Rats |
| title_full_unstemmed | Suppression Effects of Betaine-Enriched Spinach on Hyperhomocysteinemia Induced by Guanidinoacetic Acid and Choline Deficiency in Rats |
| title_short | Suppression Effects of Betaine-Enriched Spinach on Hyperhomocysteinemia Induced by Guanidinoacetic Acid and Choline Deficiency in Rats |
| title_sort | suppression effects of betaine enriched spinach on hyperhomocysteinemia induced by guanidinoacetic acid and choline deficiency in rats |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/904501 |
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