Prevalence of Pharmaceuticals in Surface Water Samples in Ghana
Pharmaceuticals, among the emerging contaminants, are pseudopersistent and recently of serious concern due to universal use, toxicity, and resistance development at low concentrations. This study was aimed at assessing the prevalence and risk of eight pharmaceuticals in surface water used for vegeta...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2021-01-01
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| Series: | Journal of Chemistry |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/7829477 |
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| author | David Azanu David Adu-Poku Selina Ama Saah William Ofori Appaw |
| author_facet | David Azanu David Adu-Poku Selina Ama Saah William Ofori Appaw |
| author_sort | David Azanu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Pharmaceuticals, among the emerging contaminants, are pseudopersistent and recently of serious concern due to universal use, toxicity, and resistance development at low concentrations. This study was aimed at assessing the prevalence and risk of eight pharmaceuticals in surface water used for vegetable irrigation in Ghana’s Kumasi and Sunyani metropolises, which are influenced by hospitals, sewage treatment facilities, and market effluents. Samples were concentrated via solid-phase extraction (SPE) while liquid chromatography was used to identify and quantify the analytes. Ibuprofen, acetaminophen, and diclofenac were the detected analgesics in this study, with concentrations stretching from below detection limit (not detected) to 319.0 ng/L, while amoxicillin, trimethoprim, and cefuroxime were the detected antibiotics with a concentration range of no detection to 840.0 ng/L. Based on the available long-term data, an environmental risk assessment was conducted. Because of the presence of ibuprofen, the lowest trophic level and fish were shown to be at risk. The estimated risk quotient values for antibiotics resistance were above 1 for all the antibiotics investigated in surface water impacted by the wastewater of hospitals and pharmaceutical companies’ except surface water impacted by sewage treatment plants (STPs) and market wastewater. The existence of these pharmaceuticals in surface water does not only point to a general concern for the environment but also a potential health risk on humans and other lives as a result of their impact on drinking water and vegetable production in Ghana. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-2997de37f6f844509b13d38d693674fc |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2090-9071 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2021-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Chemistry |
| spelling | doaj-art-2997de37f6f844509b13d38d693674fc2025-02-03T07:24:09ZengWileyJournal of Chemistry2090-90712021-01-01202110.1155/2021/7829477Prevalence of Pharmaceuticals in Surface Water Samples in GhanaDavid Azanu0David Adu-Poku1Selina Ama Saah2William Ofori Appaw3Department of Laboratory TechnologyDepartment of Chemical SciencesDepartment of Chemical SciencesDepartment of Food Science and TechnologyPharmaceuticals, among the emerging contaminants, are pseudopersistent and recently of serious concern due to universal use, toxicity, and resistance development at low concentrations. This study was aimed at assessing the prevalence and risk of eight pharmaceuticals in surface water used for vegetable irrigation in Ghana’s Kumasi and Sunyani metropolises, which are influenced by hospitals, sewage treatment facilities, and market effluents. Samples were concentrated via solid-phase extraction (SPE) while liquid chromatography was used to identify and quantify the analytes. Ibuprofen, acetaminophen, and diclofenac were the detected analgesics in this study, with concentrations stretching from below detection limit (not detected) to 319.0 ng/L, while amoxicillin, trimethoprim, and cefuroxime were the detected antibiotics with a concentration range of no detection to 840.0 ng/L. Based on the available long-term data, an environmental risk assessment was conducted. Because of the presence of ibuprofen, the lowest trophic level and fish were shown to be at risk. The estimated risk quotient values for antibiotics resistance were above 1 for all the antibiotics investigated in surface water impacted by the wastewater of hospitals and pharmaceutical companies’ except surface water impacted by sewage treatment plants (STPs) and market wastewater. The existence of these pharmaceuticals in surface water does not only point to a general concern for the environment but also a potential health risk on humans and other lives as a result of their impact on drinking water and vegetable production in Ghana.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/7829477 |
| spellingShingle | David Azanu David Adu-Poku Selina Ama Saah William Ofori Appaw Prevalence of Pharmaceuticals in Surface Water Samples in Ghana Journal of Chemistry |
| title | Prevalence of Pharmaceuticals in Surface Water Samples in Ghana |
| title_full | Prevalence of Pharmaceuticals in Surface Water Samples in Ghana |
| title_fullStr | Prevalence of Pharmaceuticals in Surface Water Samples in Ghana |
| title_full_unstemmed | Prevalence of Pharmaceuticals in Surface Water Samples in Ghana |
| title_short | Prevalence of Pharmaceuticals in Surface Water Samples in Ghana |
| title_sort | prevalence of pharmaceuticals in surface water samples in ghana |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/7829477 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT davidazanu prevalenceofpharmaceuticalsinsurfacewatersamplesinghana AT davidadupoku prevalenceofpharmaceuticalsinsurfacewatersamplesinghana AT selinaamasaah prevalenceofpharmaceuticalsinsurfacewatersamplesinghana AT williamoforiappaw prevalenceofpharmaceuticalsinsurfacewatersamplesinghana |