A High Efficiency Discontinuous Galerkin Method for 3D Ground-Penetrating Radar Simulation
As an effective geophysical tool, ground penetrating radar (GPR) is widely used for environmental and engineering detections. Numerous numerical simulation algorithms have been developed to improve the computational efficiency of GPR simulations, enabling the modeling of complex structures. The disc...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2025-01-01
|
| Series: | Remote Sensing |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/17/2/228 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1832587553526513664 |
|---|---|
| author | Shuyang Xue Changchun Yin Jing Li Jiao Zhu Wuyang Liu |
| author_facet | Shuyang Xue Changchun Yin Jing Li Jiao Zhu Wuyang Liu |
| author_sort | Shuyang Xue |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | As an effective geophysical tool, ground penetrating radar (GPR) is widely used for environmental and engineering detections. Numerous numerical simulation algorithms have been developed to improve the computational efficiency of GPR simulations, enabling the modeling of complex structures. The discontinuous Galerkin method is a high efficiency numerical simulation algorithm which can deal with complex geometry. This method uses numerical fluxes to ensure the continuity between elements, allowing Maxwell’s equations to be solved within each element without the need to assemble a global matrix or solve large systems of linear equations. As a result, memory consumption can be significantly reduced, and parallel solvers can be applied at the element level, facilitating the construction of high-order schemes to enhance computational accuracy. In this paper, we apply the discontinuous Galerkin (DG) method based on unstructured meshes to 3D GPR simulation. To verify the accuracy of our algorithm, we simulate a full-space vacuum and a cuboid in a homogeneous medium and compare results, respectively, with the analytical solutions and those from the finite-difference method. The results demonstrate that, for the same error level, the proposed DG method has significant advantages over the FDTD method, with less than 20% of the memory consumption and calculation time. Additionally, we evaluate the effectiveness of our method by simulating targets in an undulating subsurface, and further demonstrate its capability for simulating complex models. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-28e5f40e13a645f885d4a3f77cd6ad54 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2072-4292 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Remote Sensing |
| spelling | doaj-art-28e5f40e13a645f885d4a3f77cd6ad542025-01-24T13:47:48ZengMDPI AGRemote Sensing2072-42922025-01-0117222810.3390/rs17020228A High Efficiency Discontinuous Galerkin Method for 3D Ground-Penetrating Radar SimulationShuyang Xue0Changchun Yin1Jing Li2Jiao Zhu3Wuyang Liu4College of Geo-Exploration Sciences and Technology, Jilin University, Changchun 130026, ChinaCollege of Geo-Exploration Sciences and Technology, Jilin University, Changchun 130026, ChinaCollege of Geo-Exploration Sciences and Technology, Jilin University, Changchun 130026, ChinaThe School of Resources and Geosciences, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, ChinaCollege of Geo-Exploration Sciences and Technology, Jilin University, Changchun 130026, ChinaAs an effective geophysical tool, ground penetrating radar (GPR) is widely used for environmental and engineering detections. Numerous numerical simulation algorithms have been developed to improve the computational efficiency of GPR simulations, enabling the modeling of complex structures. The discontinuous Galerkin method is a high efficiency numerical simulation algorithm which can deal with complex geometry. This method uses numerical fluxes to ensure the continuity between elements, allowing Maxwell’s equations to be solved within each element without the need to assemble a global matrix or solve large systems of linear equations. As a result, memory consumption can be significantly reduced, and parallel solvers can be applied at the element level, facilitating the construction of high-order schemes to enhance computational accuracy. In this paper, we apply the discontinuous Galerkin (DG) method based on unstructured meshes to 3D GPR simulation. To verify the accuracy of our algorithm, we simulate a full-space vacuum and a cuboid in a homogeneous medium and compare results, respectively, with the analytical solutions and those from the finite-difference method. The results demonstrate that, for the same error level, the proposed DG method has significant advantages over the FDTD method, with less than 20% of the memory consumption and calculation time. Additionally, we evaluate the effectiveness of our method by simulating targets in an undulating subsurface, and further demonstrate its capability for simulating complex models.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/17/2/228electromagneticground penetrating radarmodelingdiscontinuous Galerkin method |
| spellingShingle | Shuyang Xue Changchun Yin Jing Li Jiao Zhu Wuyang Liu A High Efficiency Discontinuous Galerkin Method for 3D Ground-Penetrating Radar Simulation Remote Sensing electromagnetic ground penetrating radar modeling discontinuous Galerkin method |
| title | A High Efficiency Discontinuous Galerkin Method for 3D Ground-Penetrating Radar Simulation |
| title_full | A High Efficiency Discontinuous Galerkin Method for 3D Ground-Penetrating Radar Simulation |
| title_fullStr | A High Efficiency Discontinuous Galerkin Method for 3D Ground-Penetrating Radar Simulation |
| title_full_unstemmed | A High Efficiency Discontinuous Galerkin Method for 3D Ground-Penetrating Radar Simulation |
| title_short | A High Efficiency Discontinuous Galerkin Method for 3D Ground-Penetrating Radar Simulation |
| title_sort | high efficiency discontinuous galerkin method for 3d ground penetrating radar simulation |
| topic | electromagnetic ground penetrating radar modeling discontinuous Galerkin method |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/17/2/228 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT shuyangxue ahighefficiencydiscontinuousgalerkinmethodfor3dgroundpenetratingradarsimulation AT changchunyin ahighefficiencydiscontinuousgalerkinmethodfor3dgroundpenetratingradarsimulation AT jingli ahighefficiencydiscontinuousgalerkinmethodfor3dgroundpenetratingradarsimulation AT jiaozhu ahighefficiencydiscontinuousgalerkinmethodfor3dgroundpenetratingradarsimulation AT wuyangliu ahighefficiencydiscontinuousgalerkinmethodfor3dgroundpenetratingradarsimulation AT shuyangxue highefficiencydiscontinuousgalerkinmethodfor3dgroundpenetratingradarsimulation AT changchunyin highefficiencydiscontinuousgalerkinmethodfor3dgroundpenetratingradarsimulation AT jingli highefficiencydiscontinuousgalerkinmethodfor3dgroundpenetratingradarsimulation AT jiaozhu highefficiencydiscontinuousgalerkinmethodfor3dgroundpenetratingradarsimulation AT wuyangliu highefficiencydiscontinuousgalerkinmethodfor3dgroundpenetratingradarsimulation |