Observation of a bilayer superfluid with interlayer coherence
Abstract Controlling the coupling between different degrees of freedom in many-body systems is a powerful technique for engineering novel phases of matter. We create a bilayer system of two-dimensional (2D) ultracold Bose gases and demonstrate the controlled generation of bulk coherence through tuna...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Nature Portfolio
2025-08-01
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| Series: | Nature Communications |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-62277-w |
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| author | Erik Rydow Vijay Pal Singh Abel Beregi En Chang Ludwig Mathey Christopher J. Foot Shinichi Sunami |
| author_facet | Erik Rydow Vijay Pal Singh Abel Beregi En Chang Ludwig Mathey Christopher J. Foot Shinichi Sunami |
| author_sort | Erik Rydow |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Controlling the coupling between different degrees of freedom in many-body systems is a powerful technique for engineering novel phases of matter. We create a bilayer system of two-dimensional (2D) ultracold Bose gases and demonstrate the controlled generation of bulk coherence through tunable interlayer Josephson coupling. We probe the resulting correlation properties of both phase modes of the bilayer system: the symmetric phase mode is studied via a noise-correlation method, while the antisymmetric phase fluctuations are directly captured by matter-wave interferometry. The measured correlation functions for both of these modes exhibit a crossover from short-range to quasi-long-range order above a coupling-dependent critical point, thus providing direct evidence of bilayer superfluidity mediated by interlayer coupling. We map out the phase diagram and interpret it with renormalization-group theory and Monte Carlo simulations. Additionally, we elucidate the underlying mechanism through the observation of suppressed vortex excitations in the antisymmetric mode. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-28c7a26effa942e09bba540f3fe1e2ca |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2041-1723 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-08-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nature Communications |
| spelling | doaj-art-28c7a26effa942e09bba540f3fe1e2ca2025-08-20T03:42:55ZengNature PortfolioNature Communications2041-17232025-08-011611910.1038/s41467-025-62277-wObservation of a bilayer superfluid with interlayer coherenceErik Rydow0Vijay Pal Singh1Abel Beregi2En Chang3Ludwig Mathey4Christopher J. Foot5Shinichi Sunami6Clarendon Laboratory, University of OxfordQuantum Research Centre, Technology Innovation InstituteClarendon Laboratory, University of OxfordClarendon Laboratory, University of OxfordZentrum für Optische Quantentechnologien and Institut für Quantenphysik, Universität HamburgClarendon Laboratory, University of OxfordClarendon Laboratory, University of OxfordAbstract Controlling the coupling between different degrees of freedom in many-body systems is a powerful technique for engineering novel phases of matter. We create a bilayer system of two-dimensional (2D) ultracold Bose gases and demonstrate the controlled generation of bulk coherence through tunable interlayer Josephson coupling. We probe the resulting correlation properties of both phase modes of the bilayer system: the symmetric phase mode is studied via a noise-correlation method, while the antisymmetric phase fluctuations are directly captured by matter-wave interferometry. The measured correlation functions for both of these modes exhibit a crossover from short-range to quasi-long-range order above a coupling-dependent critical point, thus providing direct evidence of bilayer superfluidity mediated by interlayer coupling. We map out the phase diagram and interpret it with renormalization-group theory and Monte Carlo simulations. Additionally, we elucidate the underlying mechanism through the observation of suppressed vortex excitations in the antisymmetric mode.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-62277-w |
| spellingShingle | Erik Rydow Vijay Pal Singh Abel Beregi En Chang Ludwig Mathey Christopher J. Foot Shinichi Sunami Observation of a bilayer superfluid with interlayer coherence Nature Communications |
| title | Observation of a bilayer superfluid with interlayer coherence |
| title_full | Observation of a bilayer superfluid with interlayer coherence |
| title_fullStr | Observation of a bilayer superfluid with interlayer coherence |
| title_full_unstemmed | Observation of a bilayer superfluid with interlayer coherence |
| title_short | Observation of a bilayer superfluid with interlayer coherence |
| title_sort | observation of a bilayer superfluid with interlayer coherence |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-62277-w |
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