Lactoferrin exhibits PEDV antiviral activity by interfering with spike-heparan sulfate proteoglycans binding and activating mucosal immune response
Abstract Neonatal piglets infected with Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus (PEDV) experience a mortality rate of up to 90%, resulting in significant economic losses to the swine industry in China. Current strategies using specific antibodies in sow milk to prevent Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea (PED) in the...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
BMC
2025-01-01
|
| Series: | Veterinary Research |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13567-025-01456-5 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1832571429774688256 |
|---|---|
| author | Peng Liu Jinjiao Zuo Hui Lu Bin Zhang Caihong Wu |
| author_facet | Peng Liu Jinjiao Zuo Hui Lu Bin Zhang Caihong Wu |
| author_sort | Peng Liu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Neonatal piglets infected with Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus (PEDV) experience a mortality rate of up to 90%, resulting in significant economic losses to the swine industry in China. Current strategies using specific antibodies in sow milk to prevent Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea (PED) in these piglets through specific antibodies in sow milk is unsatisfactory. Preliminary studies have shown limited success. Emerging evidence suggests that general immune factors in sow milk provide protection to neonatal piglets, particularly, lactoferrin, play a crucial role in protecting piglets by inhibiting PEDV replication. However, the precise mechanism by which lactoferrin exerts its antiviral effects remains unclear. This study sought to clarify these mechanisms through both in vitro and in vivo approaches, proposing that higher concentrations of lactoferrin lead to greater antiviral activity. It was hypothesized that lactoferrin can impede PEDV by blocking its binding to heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPG) on the surface of target cells, and molecular docking experiments was conducted to identify the binding sites between lactoferrin and HSPG. Additionally, the findings indicated that lactoferrin can effectively trigger the maturation of porcine dendritic cells and boosts their antigen-presenting functions, thereby improving intestinal mucosal immunity in neonatal piglets against PEDV. Overall, these findings aid to elucidate the antiviral actions and mechanisms of lactoferrin in sow colostrum, offering new insights for the effective prevention and control of PED in neonatal piglets. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-27eabf02a1894a0a9980fca9b217eb24 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1297-9716 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Veterinary Research |
| spelling | doaj-art-27eabf02a1894a0a9980fca9b217eb242025-02-02T12:37:04ZengBMCVeterinary Research1297-97162025-01-0156111410.1186/s13567-025-01456-5Lactoferrin exhibits PEDV antiviral activity by interfering with spike-heparan sulfate proteoglycans binding and activating mucosal immune responsePeng Liu0Jinjiao Zuo1Hui Lu2Bin Zhang3Caihong Wu4College of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Agri-Animal Husbandry Vocational CollegePet Science and Technology College, Jiangsu Agri-Animal Husbandry Vocational CollegeCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Agri-Animal Husbandry Vocational CollegePet Science and Technology College, Jiangsu Agri-Animal Husbandry Vocational CollegeCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Agri-Animal Husbandry Vocational CollegeAbstract Neonatal piglets infected with Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus (PEDV) experience a mortality rate of up to 90%, resulting in significant economic losses to the swine industry in China. Current strategies using specific antibodies in sow milk to prevent Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea (PED) in these piglets through specific antibodies in sow milk is unsatisfactory. Preliminary studies have shown limited success. Emerging evidence suggests that general immune factors in sow milk provide protection to neonatal piglets, particularly, lactoferrin, play a crucial role in protecting piglets by inhibiting PEDV replication. However, the precise mechanism by which lactoferrin exerts its antiviral effects remains unclear. This study sought to clarify these mechanisms through both in vitro and in vivo approaches, proposing that higher concentrations of lactoferrin lead to greater antiviral activity. It was hypothesized that lactoferrin can impede PEDV by blocking its binding to heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPG) on the surface of target cells, and molecular docking experiments was conducted to identify the binding sites between lactoferrin and HSPG. Additionally, the findings indicated that lactoferrin can effectively trigger the maturation of porcine dendritic cells and boosts their antigen-presenting functions, thereby improving intestinal mucosal immunity in neonatal piglets against PEDV. Overall, these findings aid to elucidate the antiviral actions and mechanisms of lactoferrin in sow colostrum, offering new insights for the effective prevention and control of PED in neonatal piglets.https://doi.org/10.1186/s13567-025-01456-5LactoferrinPEDVheparan sulfate proteoglycansmucosal immunityneonatal piglets |
| spellingShingle | Peng Liu Jinjiao Zuo Hui Lu Bin Zhang Caihong Wu Lactoferrin exhibits PEDV antiviral activity by interfering with spike-heparan sulfate proteoglycans binding and activating mucosal immune response Veterinary Research Lactoferrin PEDV heparan sulfate proteoglycans mucosal immunity neonatal piglets |
| title | Lactoferrin exhibits PEDV antiviral activity by interfering with spike-heparan sulfate proteoglycans binding and activating mucosal immune response |
| title_full | Lactoferrin exhibits PEDV antiviral activity by interfering with spike-heparan sulfate proteoglycans binding and activating mucosal immune response |
| title_fullStr | Lactoferrin exhibits PEDV antiviral activity by interfering with spike-heparan sulfate proteoglycans binding and activating mucosal immune response |
| title_full_unstemmed | Lactoferrin exhibits PEDV antiviral activity by interfering with spike-heparan sulfate proteoglycans binding and activating mucosal immune response |
| title_short | Lactoferrin exhibits PEDV antiviral activity by interfering with spike-heparan sulfate proteoglycans binding and activating mucosal immune response |
| title_sort | lactoferrin exhibits pedv antiviral activity by interfering with spike heparan sulfate proteoglycans binding and activating mucosal immune response |
| topic | Lactoferrin PEDV heparan sulfate proteoglycans mucosal immunity neonatal piglets |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13567-025-01456-5 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT pengliu lactoferrinexhibitspedvantiviralactivitybyinterferingwithspikeheparansulfateproteoglycansbindingandactivatingmucosalimmuneresponse AT jinjiaozuo lactoferrinexhibitspedvantiviralactivitybyinterferingwithspikeheparansulfateproteoglycansbindingandactivatingmucosalimmuneresponse AT huilu lactoferrinexhibitspedvantiviralactivitybyinterferingwithspikeheparansulfateproteoglycansbindingandactivatingmucosalimmuneresponse AT binzhang lactoferrinexhibitspedvantiviralactivitybyinterferingwithspikeheparansulfateproteoglycansbindingandactivatingmucosalimmuneresponse AT caihongwu lactoferrinexhibitspedvantiviralactivitybyinterferingwithspikeheparansulfateproteoglycansbindingandactivatingmucosalimmuneresponse |