Thermal upgrading of manganese ores prior to smelting
Ferromanganese smelting in electric arc furnaces is an energy-intensive process with corresponding CO2 emissions and environmental impacts. Upgrading the furnace charge can improve process efficiency and decrease electricity consumption. An oxide manganese ore, consisting mainly of pyrolusite, calci...
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University of Belgrade, Technical Faculty, Bor
2023-01-01
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| Series: | Journal of Mining and Metallurgy. Section B: Metallurgy |
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| Online Access: | https://doiserbia.nb.rs/img/doi/1450-5339/2023/1450-53392300036E.pdf |
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| author | Eray S. |
| author_facet | Eray S. |
| author_sort | Eray S. |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Ferromanganese smelting in electric arc furnaces is an energy-intensive process with corresponding CO2 emissions and environmental impacts. Upgrading the furnace charge can improve process efficiency and decrease electricity consumption. An oxide manganese ore, consisting mainly of pyrolusite, calcite and goethite, was thermally upgraded by calcination and solid-state reduction. During calcination of the ore at 900-1100°C, carbonates and hydroxides were decomposed and a considerable amount of oxygen was removed. The manganese content of the run-of-mine ore was increased from 39.86% to 47% after calcination. Carbothermic reduction of the ore at 1250°C resulted in almost all of the iron oxide and some of the manganese oxide passing into the metallic form. The results showed that a significant part of the endothermic reactions during the solid-state treatment of the ore can be carried out with low-cost fossil fuels. This leads to enrichment of the electric arc furnace charge, lower electricity consumption in the furnace, lower overall processing costs and a more efficient smelting process. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-267b8e9192004be6a6062299d4367466 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1450-5339 2217-7175 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | University of Belgrade, Technical Faculty, Bor |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Mining and Metallurgy. Section B: Metallurgy |
| spelling | doaj-art-267b8e9192004be6a6062299d43674662025-02-03T06:33:34ZengUniversity of Belgrade, Technical Faculty, BorJournal of Mining and Metallurgy. Section B: Metallurgy1450-53392217-71752023-01-0159342143010.2298/JMMB231026036E1450-53392300036EThermal upgrading of manganese ores prior to smeltingEray S.0Sivas University of Science and Technology, Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Sivas, TurkeyFerromanganese smelting in electric arc furnaces is an energy-intensive process with corresponding CO2 emissions and environmental impacts. Upgrading the furnace charge can improve process efficiency and decrease electricity consumption. An oxide manganese ore, consisting mainly of pyrolusite, calcite and goethite, was thermally upgraded by calcination and solid-state reduction. During calcination of the ore at 900-1100°C, carbonates and hydroxides were decomposed and a considerable amount of oxygen was removed. The manganese content of the run-of-mine ore was increased from 39.86% to 47% after calcination. Carbothermic reduction of the ore at 1250°C resulted in almost all of the iron oxide and some of the manganese oxide passing into the metallic form. The results showed that a significant part of the endothermic reactions during the solid-state treatment of the ore can be carried out with low-cost fossil fuels. This leads to enrichment of the electric arc furnace charge, lower electricity consumption in the furnace, lower overall processing costs and a more efficient smelting process.https://doiserbia.nb.rs/img/doi/1450-5339/2023/1450-53392300036E.pdfmanganese orethermal upgradingcalcinationreduction |
| spellingShingle | Eray S. Thermal upgrading of manganese ores prior to smelting Journal of Mining and Metallurgy. Section B: Metallurgy manganese ore thermal upgrading calcination reduction |
| title | Thermal upgrading of manganese ores prior to smelting |
| title_full | Thermal upgrading of manganese ores prior to smelting |
| title_fullStr | Thermal upgrading of manganese ores prior to smelting |
| title_full_unstemmed | Thermal upgrading of manganese ores prior to smelting |
| title_short | Thermal upgrading of manganese ores prior to smelting |
| title_sort | thermal upgrading of manganese ores prior to smelting |
| topic | manganese ore thermal upgrading calcination reduction |
| url | https://doiserbia.nb.rs/img/doi/1450-5339/2023/1450-53392300036E.pdf |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT erays thermalupgradingofmanganeseorespriortosmelting |