Clinical findings, treatment, and outcomes in cats with naturally occurring hypoadrenocorticism: 41 cases
Abstract Background Hypoadrenocorticism in cats is uncommonly reported. Most reports consist of cats with hyponatremia, hyperkalemia, or both. Hypothesis/Objectives To describe clinical findings, treatment response, and outcome in cats diagnosed with hypoadrenocorticism, including cats with abnormal...
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Wiley
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.17243 |
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| author | Emma Roberts Ian K. Ramsey Ruth Gostelow Anna Latysheva Luca Battaglia Paolo Silvestrini Ghita Benchekroun Karen Brenner Bérénice Conversy Riccardo Ferriani Andre Kortum Lisa Stammeleer Nele Van den Steen Flavia Tavares Julia Lieser Angie Hibbert Antoine Duclos Troy Bunn Alisdair M Boag Carolina Arenas Kirsty Roe Florian K. Zeugswetter Yi Cui Imogen Schofield Federico Fracassi |
| author_facet | Emma Roberts Ian K. Ramsey Ruth Gostelow Anna Latysheva Luca Battaglia Paolo Silvestrini Ghita Benchekroun Karen Brenner Bérénice Conversy Riccardo Ferriani Andre Kortum Lisa Stammeleer Nele Van den Steen Flavia Tavares Julia Lieser Angie Hibbert Antoine Duclos Troy Bunn Alisdair M Boag Carolina Arenas Kirsty Roe Florian K. Zeugswetter Yi Cui Imogen Schofield Federico Fracassi |
| author_sort | Emma Roberts |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Hypoadrenocorticism in cats is uncommonly reported. Most reports consist of cats with hyponatremia, hyperkalemia, or both. Hypothesis/Objectives To describe clinical findings, treatment response, and outcome in cats diagnosed with hypoadrenocorticism, including cats with abnormal and normal serum sodium and potassium concentrations. Animals Forty‐one cats with hypoadrenocorticism; 36 with and 5 without abnormal serum sodium and potassium concentrations. Methods Multicenter retrospective observational study. Data for the entire cohort were assessed using descriptive statistics and differences between cats with and without abnormal serum sodium and potassium concentrations were evaluated. Results Median age was 5.7 years (range, 0.2‐13.8). Twenty‐three (56%) cats were male and 18 (44%) were female. Cats with hyponatremia, hyperkalemia, or both were less likely to have a history of vomiting (P = .01) but more likely to be hypothermic (P = .03), dehydrated (P = .04) or weak (P = .04) on examination, compared with nonhyponatremic and nonhyperkalemic cats. Frequency of hypercalcemia was 31.7%. Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency (EPI) was diagnosed in 4/7 cats tested; all 4 had concurrent cobalamin deficiency. Thirty‐five (85.4%) cats survived to discharge. In 2 cats, hypoadrenocorticism occurred secondary to lymphoma. Median survival time (MST) for all‐cause mortality was 2035 days (95% confidence interval [CI], 294‐4380 days); MST for disease‐specific mortality was not reached. Conclusions and Clinical Importance Approximately one‐third of cats with hypoadrenocorticism had hypercalcemia. In some cases, hyponatremia and hyperkalemia were not observed. Cats with nonneoplastic associated hypoadrenocorticism that survive initial hospitalization can have a favorable long‐term prognosis. Testing for EPI may be warranted in cats with hypoadrenocorticism. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-262988e9b6a4419d8f46adbae6d21939 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 0891-6640 1939-1676 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
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| series | Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine |
| spelling | doaj-art-262988e9b6a4419d8f46adbae6d219392025-01-27T15:22:41ZengWileyJournal of Veterinary Internal Medicine0891-66401939-16762025-01-01391n/an/a10.1111/jvim.17243Clinical findings, treatment, and outcomes in cats with naturally occurring hypoadrenocorticism: 41 casesEmma Roberts0Ian K. Ramsey1Ruth Gostelow2Anna Latysheva3Luca Battaglia4Paolo Silvestrini5Ghita Benchekroun6Karen Brenner7Bérénice Conversy8Riccardo Ferriani9Andre Kortum10Lisa Stammeleer11Nele Van den Steen12Flavia Tavares13Julia Lieser14Angie Hibbert15Antoine Duclos16Troy Bunn17Alisdair M Boag18Carolina Arenas19Kirsty Roe20Florian K. Zeugswetter21Yi Cui22Imogen Schofield23Federico Fracassi24Bristol Vet Specialists Bristol UKUniversity of Glasgow Glasgow UKRoyal Veterinary College Potters Bar UKVetPlus Center Dubai Marina UAEClinica Veterinaria M. E. Miller Reggio Emilia ItalyRyan Veterinary Hospital Philadelphia Pennsylvania USAÉcole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort Maisons‐Alfort FranceCentre for Animal Referral and Emergency Melbourne AustraliaUniversity of Montréal Montréal CanadaOspedale Veterinario San Francesco Milan ItalyThe Queen's Veterinary School Hospital Cambridge UKUniversity of Ghent Merelbeke BelgiumCave Veterinary Specialists Wellington UKCentro de endocrinologia Rio de Janeiro BrazilAnicura Kleintierspezialisten Clinic Augsburg GermanyThe Feline Centre, Langford Vets Langford UKUniversity College Dublin Dublin IrelandWestern Australian Veterinary Emergency and Speciality Perth AustraliaThe Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies Edinburgh UKAnicura Valencia Sur Hospital Veterinario Valencia SpainWillows Veterinary Centre and Referral Service Shirley UKUniversity of Veterinary Medicine Vienna AustriaUniversity of Bern Bern SwitzerlandCVS (UK) Ltd Diss UKUniversity of Bologna Bologna ItalyAbstract Background Hypoadrenocorticism in cats is uncommonly reported. Most reports consist of cats with hyponatremia, hyperkalemia, or both. Hypothesis/Objectives To describe clinical findings, treatment response, and outcome in cats diagnosed with hypoadrenocorticism, including cats with abnormal and normal serum sodium and potassium concentrations. Animals Forty‐one cats with hypoadrenocorticism; 36 with and 5 without abnormal serum sodium and potassium concentrations. Methods Multicenter retrospective observational study. Data for the entire cohort were assessed using descriptive statistics and differences between cats with and without abnormal serum sodium and potassium concentrations were evaluated. Results Median age was 5.7 years (range, 0.2‐13.8). Twenty‐three (56%) cats were male and 18 (44%) were female. Cats with hyponatremia, hyperkalemia, or both were less likely to have a history of vomiting (P = .01) but more likely to be hypothermic (P = .03), dehydrated (P = .04) or weak (P = .04) on examination, compared with nonhyponatremic and nonhyperkalemic cats. Frequency of hypercalcemia was 31.7%. Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency (EPI) was diagnosed in 4/7 cats tested; all 4 had concurrent cobalamin deficiency. Thirty‐five (85.4%) cats survived to discharge. In 2 cats, hypoadrenocorticism occurred secondary to lymphoma. Median survival time (MST) for all‐cause mortality was 2035 days (95% confidence interval [CI], 294‐4380 days); MST for disease‐specific mortality was not reached. Conclusions and Clinical Importance Approximately one‐third of cats with hypoadrenocorticism had hypercalcemia. In some cases, hyponatremia and hyperkalemia were not observed. Cats with nonneoplastic associated hypoadrenocorticism that survive initial hospitalization can have a favorable long‐term prognosis. Testing for EPI may be warranted in cats with hypoadrenocorticism.https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.17243Addison's diseasecobalamin deficiencyexocrine pancreatic insufficiencyhyperkalemiahyponatremiasurvival |
| spellingShingle | Emma Roberts Ian K. Ramsey Ruth Gostelow Anna Latysheva Luca Battaglia Paolo Silvestrini Ghita Benchekroun Karen Brenner Bérénice Conversy Riccardo Ferriani Andre Kortum Lisa Stammeleer Nele Van den Steen Flavia Tavares Julia Lieser Angie Hibbert Antoine Duclos Troy Bunn Alisdair M Boag Carolina Arenas Kirsty Roe Florian K. Zeugswetter Yi Cui Imogen Schofield Federico Fracassi Clinical findings, treatment, and outcomes in cats with naturally occurring hypoadrenocorticism: 41 cases Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine Addison's disease cobalamin deficiency exocrine pancreatic insufficiency hyperkalemia hyponatremia survival |
| title | Clinical findings, treatment, and outcomes in cats with naturally occurring hypoadrenocorticism: 41 cases |
| title_full | Clinical findings, treatment, and outcomes in cats with naturally occurring hypoadrenocorticism: 41 cases |
| title_fullStr | Clinical findings, treatment, and outcomes in cats with naturally occurring hypoadrenocorticism: 41 cases |
| title_full_unstemmed | Clinical findings, treatment, and outcomes in cats with naturally occurring hypoadrenocorticism: 41 cases |
| title_short | Clinical findings, treatment, and outcomes in cats with naturally occurring hypoadrenocorticism: 41 cases |
| title_sort | clinical findings treatment and outcomes in cats with naturally occurring hypoadrenocorticism 41 cases |
| topic | Addison's disease cobalamin deficiency exocrine pancreatic insufficiency hyperkalemia hyponatremia survival |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.17243 |
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