Endothelium-Derived Hyperpolarizing Factor and Vascular Function
Endothelial function refers to a multitude of physiological processes that maintain healthy homeostasis of the vascular wall. Exposure of the endothelium to cardiac risk factors results in endothelial dysfunction and is associated with an alteration in the balance of vasoactive substances produced b...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2011-01-01
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| Series: | Cardiology Research and Practice |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.4061/2011/156146 |
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| author | Muhiddin A. Ozkor Arshed A. Quyyumi |
| author_facet | Muhiddin A. Ozkor Arshed A. Quyyumi |
| author_sort | Muhiddin A. Ozkor |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Endothelial function refers to a multitude of physiological processes that maintain healthy homeostasis of the vascular wall. Exposure of the endothelium to cardiac risk factors results in endothelial dysfunction and is associated with an alteration in the balance of vasoactive substances produced by endothelial cells. These include a reduction in nitric oxide (NO), an increase in generation of potential vasoconstrictor substances and a potential compensatory increase in other mediators of vasodilation. The latter has been surmised from data demonstrating persistent endothelium-dependent vasodilatation despite complete inhibition of NO and prostaglandins. This remaining non-NO, non-prostaglandin mediated endothelium-dependent vasodilator response has been attributed to endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor/s (EDHF). Endothelial hyperpolarization is likely due to several factors that appear to be site and species specific. Experimental studies suggest that the contribution of the EDHFs increase as the vessel size decreases, with a predominance of EDHF activity in the resistance vessels, and a compensatory up-regulation of hyperpolarization in states characterized by reduced NO availability. Since endothelial dysfunction is a precursor for atherosclerosis development and its magnitude is a reflection of future risk, then the mechanisms underlying endothelial dysfunction need to be fully understood, so that adequate therapeutic interventions can be designed. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-2576ae3423804300b6fd1fa3ba4eab90 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2090-0597 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2011-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Cardiology Research and Practice |
| spelling | doaj-art-2576ae3423804300b6fd1fa3ba4eab902025-02-03T01:01:32ZengWileyCardiology Research and Practice2090-05972011-01-01201110.4061/2011/156146156146Endothelium-Derived Hyperpolarizing Factor and Vascular FunctionMuhiddin A. Ozkor0Arshed A. Quyyumi1The Heart Hospital, University College London, London WIG 8PH, UKDivision of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory University, 1364 Clifton Road NE, Suite 403C, Atlanta, GA 30322, USAEndothelial function refers to a multitude of physiological processes that maintain healthy homeostasis of the vascular wall. Exposure of the endothelium to cardiac risk factors results in endothelial dysfunction and is associated with an alteration in the balance of vasoactive substances produced by endothelial cells. These include a reduction in nitric oxide (NO), an increase in generation of potential vasoconstrictor substances and a potential compensatory increase in other mediators of vasodilation. The latter has been surmised from data demonstrating persistent endothelium-dependent vasodilatation despite complete inhibition of NO and prostaglandins. This remaining non-NO, non-prostaglandin mediated endothelium-dependent vasodilator response has been attributed to endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor/s (EDHF). Endothelial hyperpolarization is likely due to several factors that appear to be site and species specific. Experimental studies suggest that the contribution of the EDHFs increase as the vessel size decreases, with a predominance of EDHF activity in the resistance vessels, and a compensatory up-regulation of hyperpolarization in states characterized by reduced NO availability. Since endothelial dysfunction is a precursor for atherosclerosis development and its magnitude is a reflection of future risk, then the mechanisms underlying endothelial dysfunction need to be fully understood, so that adequate therapeutic interventions can be designed.http://dx.doi.org/10.4061/2011/156146 |
| spellingShingle | Muhiddin A. Ozkor Arshed A. Quyyumi Endothelium-Derived Hyperpolarizing Factor and Vascular Function Cardiology Research and Practice |
| title | Endothelium-Derived Hyperpolarizing Factor and Vascular Function |
| title_full | Endothelium-Derived Hyperpolarizing Factor and Vascular Function |
| title_fullStr | Endothelium-Derived Hyperpolarizing Factor and Vascular Function |
| title_full_unstemmed | Endothelium-Derived Hyperpolarizing Factor and Vascular Function |
| title_short | Endothelium-Derived Hyperpolarizing Factor and Vascular Function |
| title_sort | endothelium derived hyperpolarizing factor and vascular function |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.4061/2011/156146 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT muhiddinaozkor endotheliumderivedhyperpolarizingfactorandvascularfunction AT arshedaquyyumi endotheliumderivedhyperpolarizingfactorandvascularfunction |