Free-Space Optical (FSO) Satellite Networks Performance Analysis: Transmission Power, Latency, and Outage Probability
In free-space optical satellite networks (FSOSNs), satellites can have different laser inter-satellite link (LISL) ranges for connectivity. As the LISL range increases, the number of satellites from among all the satellites in the constellation that will be needed on the shortest path between a sour...
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| Format: | Article |
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IEEE
2024-01-01
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| Series: | IEEE Open Journal of Vehicular Technology |
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| Online Access: | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10354376/ |
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| author | Jintao Liang Aizaz U. Chaudhry Eylem Erdogan Halim Yanikomeroglu Gunes Karabulut Kurt Peng Hu Khaled Ahmed Stephane Martel |
| author_facet | Jintao Liang Aizaz U. Chaudhry Eylem Erdogan Halim Yanikomeroglu Gunes Karabulut Kurt Peng Hu Khaled Ahmed Stephane Martel |
| author_sort | Jintao Liang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In free-space optical satellite networks (FSOSNs), satellites can have different laser inter-satellite link (LISL) ranges for connectivity. As the LISL range increases, the number of satellites from among all the satellites in the constellation that will be needed on the shortest path between a source and a destination ground station decrease, and thereby the number of the LISLs on the shortest path decreases. Greater LISL ranges can reduce network latency of the path but can also result in an increase in transmission power for satellites on the path. Consequently, this tradeoff between satellite transmission power and network latency should be investigated, and in this work we examine it in FSOSNs drawing on the Starlink Phase 1 Version 3 (i.e., the latest version of Starlink's Phase 1) and Kuiper Shell 2 (i.e., Kuiper's biggest shell) constellations for different LISL ranges and different inter-continental connections. We use appropriate system models for calculating the average satellite transmission power (i.e., the average of the transmission power of all satellites on the shortest path) and network latency (i.e., the end-to-end latency of the shortest path). The results show that the mean network latency (i.e., the mean of network latency over all time slots) decreases and mean average satellite transmission power (i.e., the mean of average satellite transmission power over all time slots) increases with an increase in LISL range. For the Toronto–Sydney inter-continental connection in an FSOSN with Starlink's Phase 1 Version 3 constellation, when the LISL range is approximately 2,900 km, the mean network latency and mean average satellite transmission power intersect are approximately 135 ms and 380 mW, respectively. For an FSOSN with the Kuiper Shell 2 constellation in this inter-continental connection, this LISL range is around 3,800 km, and the two parameters are approximately 120 ms and 700 mW, respectively. For the Toronto–Istanbul and Toronto–London inter-continental connections, the LISL ranges at the intersection are different and vary from 2,600 km to 3,400 km. Furthermore, we analyze outage probability performance of optical uplink/downlink due to atmosphere attenuation and turbulence. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-256eff1896fe4e68941f697bbcafbc5e |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2644-1330 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-01-01 |
| publisher | IEEE |
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| series | IEEE Open Journal of Vehicular Technology |
| spelling | doaj-art-256eff1896fe4e68941f697bbcafbc5e2025-01-30T00:04:02ZengIEEEIEEE Open Journal of Vehicular Technology2644-13302024-01-01524426110.1109/OJVT.2023.334140910354376Free-Space Optical (FSO) Satellite Networks Performance Analysis: Transmission Power, Latency, and Outage ProbabilityJintao Liang0https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1897-8958Aizaz U. Chaudhry1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1145-5604Eylem Erdogan2https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3657-1721Halim Yanikomeroglu3https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4776-9354Gunes Karabulut Kurt4https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7188-2619Peng Hu5https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9069-0484Khaled Ahmed6https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3861-0667Stephane Martel7https://orcid.org/0009-0002-8499-2336Non-Terrestrial Networks (NTN) Lab, Department of Systems and Computer Engineering, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, CanadaNon-Terrestrial Networks (NTN) Lab, Department of Systems and Computer Engineering, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, CanadaDepartment of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Istanbul Medeniyet University, Istanbul, TurkeyNon-Terrestrial Networks (NTN) Lab, Department of Systems and Computer Engineering, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, CanadaNon-Terrestrial Networks (NTN) Lab, Department of Systems and Computer Engineering, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, CanadaNational Research Council of Canada (NRC), Ottawa, ON, CanadaTechnology Strategy of Satellite Systems, MDA, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, CanadaTechnology Strategy of Satellite Systems, MDA, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, CanadaIn free-space optical satellite networks (FSOSNs), satellites can have different laser inter-satellite link (LISL) ranges for connectivity. As the LISL range increases, the number of satellites from among all the satellites in the constellation that will be needed on the shortest path between a source and a destination ground station decrease, and thereby the number of the LISLs on the shortest path decreases. Greater LISL ranges can reduce network latency of the path but can also result in an increase in transmission power for satellites on the path. Consequently, this tradeoff between satellite transmission power and network latency should be investigated, and in this work we examine it in FSOSNs drawing on the Starlink Phase 1 Version 3 (i.e., the latest version of Starlink's Phase 1) and Kuiper Shell 2 (i.e., Kuiper's biggest shell) constellations for different LISL ranges and different inter-continental connections. We use appropriate system models for calculating the average satellite transmission power (i.e., the average of the transmission power of all satellites on the shortest path) and network latency (i.e., the end-to-end latency of the shortest path). The results show that the mean network latency (i.e., the mean of network latency over all time slots) decreases and mean average satellite transmission power (i.e., the mean of average satellite transmission power over all time slots) increases with an increase in LISL range. For the Toronto–Sydney inter-continental connection in an FSOSN with Starlink's Phase 1 Version 3 constellation, when the LISL range is approximately 2,900 km, the mean network latency and mean average satellite transmission power intersect are approximately 135 ms and 380 mW, respectively. For an FSOSN with the Kuiper Shell 2 constellation in this inter-continental connection, this LISL range is around 3,800 km, and the two parameters are approximately 120 ms and 700 mW, respectively. For the Toronto–Istanbul and Toronto–London inter-continental connections, the LISL ranges at the intersection are different and vary from 2,600 km to 3,400 km. Furthermore, we analyze outage probability performance of optical uplink/downlink due to atmosphere attenuation and turbulence.https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10354376/Free-space optical satellite networksnetwork latencyoptical inter-satellite linkoptical uplink/downlinksatellite transmission powertradeoff |
| spellingShingle | Jintao Liang Aizaz U. Chaudhry Eylem Erdogan Halim Yanikomeroglu Gunes Karabulut Kurt Peng Hu Khaled Ahmed Stephane Martel Free-Space Optical (FSO) Satellite Networks Performance Analysis: Transmission Power, Latency, and Outage Probability IEEE Open Journal of Vehicular Technology Free-space optical satellite networks network latency optical inter-satellite link optical uplink/downlink satellite transmission power tradeoff |
| title | Free-Space Optical (FSO) Satellite Networks Performance Analysis: Transmission Power, Latency, and Outage Probability |
| title_full | Free-Space Optical (FSO) Satellite Networks Performance Analysis: Transmission Power, Latency, and Outage Probability |
| title_fullStr | Free-Space Optical (FSO) Satellite Networks Performance Analysis: Transmission Power, Latency, and Outage Probability |
| title_full_unstemmed | Free-Space Optical (FSO) Satellite Networks Performance Analysis: Transmission Power, Latency, and Outage Probability |
| title_short | Free-Space Optical (FSO) Satellite Networks Performance Analysis: Transmission Power, Latency, and Outage Probability |
| title_sort | free space optical fso satellite networks performance analysis transmission power latency and outage probability |
| topic | Free-space optical satellite networks network latency optical inter-satellite link optical uplink/downlink satellite transmission power tradeoff |
| url | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10354376/ |
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