Mealworm-Derived Protein Hydrolysates Enhance Adipogenic Differentiation via Mitotic Clonal Expansion in 3T3-L1 Cells
Adipocytes secrete adipokines, bioactive molecules crucial for various physiological processes, such as enhancing insulin sensitivity, promoting wound healing, supporting hair growth, and exhibiting anti-aging effects on the skin. With the growing global demand for sustainable and alternative protei...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2025-01-01
|
| Series: | Foods |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/14/2/217 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1832588468850524160 |
|---|---|
| author | Hee-Jeong Ryu Syng-Ook Lee |
| author_facet | Hee-Jeong Ryu Syng-Ook Lee |
| author_sort | Hee-Jeong Ryu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Adipocytes secrete adipokines, bioactive molecules crucial for various physiological processes, such as enhancing insulin sensitivity, promoting wound healing, supporting hair growth, and exhibiting anti-aging effects on the skin. With the growing global demand for sustainable and alternative protein sources, insect-derived proteins, particularly from <i>Tenebrio molitor</i> (mealworms), have gained attention due to their high nutritional value and functional bioactivities. This study aims to explore the potential of mealworm-derived protein hydrolysates as novel bioactive materials for promoting adipogenesis and improving adipokine expression, with applications in metabolic health and skin regeneration. Protein hydrolysates (<1 kDa) were prepared using enzymatic hydrolysis with three proteases (alcalase, flavourzyme, and neutrase) and evaluated for their adipogenic activity in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. Among them, the flavourzyme-derived hydrolysate (Fh-T) exhibited the most significant effects, enhancing adipogenic differentiation and lipid accumulation. Fh-T facilitated adipogenesis by promoting mitotic clonal expansion (MCE) during the early stage of differentiation, which was associated with the upregulation of C/EBPδ and the downregulation of p27. These findings underscore the potential of mealworm-derived protein hydrolysates, particularly Fh-T, as sustainable and functional ingredients for use in glycemic control, skin health, and tissue regeneration. This study provides valuable insights into the innovative use of alternative protein sources in functional foods and cosmeceuticals. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-253facb01f34495ab558281f38f9c380 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2304-8158 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Foods |
| spelling | doaj-art-253facb01f34495ab558281f38f9c3802025-01-24T13:32:54ZengMDPI AGFoods2304-81582025-01-0114221710.3390/foods14020217Mealworm-Derived Protein Hydrolysates Enhance Adipogenic Differentiation via Mitotic Clonal Expansion in 3T3-L1 CellsHee-Jeong Ryu0Syng-Ook Lee1Department of Food Science and Technology, Keimyung University, Daegu 42601, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Food Science and Technology, Keimyung University, Daegu 42601, Republic of KoreaAdipocytes secrete adipokines, bioactive molecules crucial for various physiological processes, such as enhancing insulin sensitivity, promoting wound healing, supporting hair growth, and exhibiting anti-aging effects on the skin. With the growing global demand for sustainable and alternative protein sources, insect-derived proteins, particularly from <i>Tenebrio molitor</i> (mealworms), have gained attention due to their high nutritional value and functional bioactivities. This study aims to explore the potential of mealworm-derived protein hydrolysates as novel bioactive materials for promoting adipogenesis and improving adipokine expression, with applications in metabolic health and skin regeneration. Protein hydrolysates (<1 kDa) were prepared using enzymatic hydrolysis with three proteases (alcalase, flavourzyme, and neutrase) and evaluated for their adipogenic activity in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. Among them, the flavourzyme-derived hydrolysate (Fh-T) exhibited the most significant effects, enhancing adipogenic differentiation and lipid accumulation. Fh-T facilitated adipogenesis by promoting mitotic clonal expansion (MCE) during the early stage of differentiation, which was associated with the upregulation of C/EBPδ and the downregulation of p27. These findings underscore the potential of mealworm-derived protein hydrolysates, particularly Fh-T, as sustainable and functional ingredients for use in glycemic control, skin health, and tissue regeneration. This study provides valuable insights into the innovative use of alternative protein sources in functional foods and cosmeceuticals.https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/14/2/217adipogenesisadiponectinflavourzymemealworms<i>Tenebrio molitor</i>3T3-L1 |
| spellingShingle | Hee-Jeong Ryu Syng-Ook Lee Mealworm-Derived Protein Hydrolysates Enhance Adipogenic Differentiation via Mitotic Clonal Expansion in 3T3-L1 Cells Foods adipogenesis adiponectin flavourzyme mealworms <i>Tenebrio molitor</i> 3T3-L1 |
| title | Mealworm-Derived Protein Hydrolysates Enhance Adipogenic Differentiation via Mitotic Clonal Expansion in 3T3-L1 Cells |
| title_full | Mealworm-Derived Protein Hydrolysates Enhance Adipogenic Differentiation via Mitotic Clonal Expansion in 3T3-L1 Cells |
| title_fullStr | Mealworm-Derived Protein Hydrolysates Enhance Adipogenic Differentiation via Mitotic Clonal Expansion in 3T3-L1 Cells |
| title_full_unstemmed | Mealworm-Derived Protein Hydrolysates Enhance Adipogenic Differentiation via Mitotic Clonal Expansion in 3T3-L1 Cells |
| title_short | Mealworm-Derived Protein Hydrolysates Enhance Adipogenic Differentiation via Mitotic Clonal Expansion in 3T3-L1 Cells |
| title_sort | mealworm derived protein hydrolysates enhance adipogenic differentiation via mitotic clonal expansion in 3t3 l1 cells |
| topic | adipogenesis adiponectin flavourzyme mealworms <i>Tenebrio molitor</i> 3T3-L1 |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/14/2/217 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT heejeongryu mealwormderivedproteinhydrolysatesenhanceadipogenicdifferentiationviamitoticclonalexpansionin3t3l1cells AT syngooklee mealwormderivedproteinhydrolysatesenhanceadipogenicdifferentiationviamitoticclonalexpansionin3t3l1cells |