Impact of noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (level of control) on sex hormone profile and erectile function
Introduction: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a well-established risk factor for erectile dysfunction (ED); the precise impact of glycemic control on male sexual function, including hormonal profiles, remains to be fully elucidated. This study aims to investigate the specific relationship between...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Urology Annals |
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| Online Access: | https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/ua.ua_40_24 |
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| author | Abdullah A. Khawaji Hossam S. El-Tholoth Muath A. Albarakati Bander A. Binjabaan Abdulaziz Alzahrani Abdulmajeed Althobity Abdulmalik Almardawi Khaled Bedaiwi Mussa AlNuami |
| author_facet | Abdullah A. Khawaji Hossam S. El-Tholoth Muath A. Albarakati Bander A. Binjabaan Abdulaziz Alzahrani Abdulmajeed Althobity Abdulmalik Almardawi Khaled Bedaiwi Mussa AlNuami |
| author_sort | Abdullah A. Khawaji |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Introduction:
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a well-established risk factor for erectile dysfunction (ED); the precise impact of glycemic control on male sexual function, including hormonal profiles, remains to be fully elucidated. This study aims to investigate the specific relationship between the degree of glycemic control in T2DM patients and the severity of both hormonal imbalances and ED.
Methodology:
A comparative study between two arms – relatively controlled and uncontrolled type 2 diabetic men. We considered a relatively controlled diabetes mellitus (DM), patient with glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) of 7.9 mmol/L or less. Laboratory results for type 2 diabetic men presenting with ED were studied after stratifying them into the two groups – relatively controlled DM (HBA1c of 7.9 mmol/L or less) and uncontrolled DM (HBA1c equal to or more than 8 mmol/L). Retrieved data include patient’s demographics, body mass index (BMI), hormonal profile, Complete Blood Count (CBC), lipid profile, prostate-specific antigen (PSA), urate, Vitamin D level, and the severity of ED as assessed by the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF) scores. Statistical analysis was done to compare between the two groups using SPSS version 20. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results:
This study found a significant association between poor glycemic control (HbA1c ≥8%) and ED in diabetic men (P < 0.0001). Longer diabetes duration correlated with both ED and poor glycemic control, suggesting a potential causal link. Well-controlled diabetics had lower BMI (P = 0.001), higher free testosterone (FT) (P = 0.0002), lower sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) (P = 0.0001), and higher IIEF scores (P < 0.0001) compared to the poorly controlled group, indicating better erectile function and potential benefits of weight management and improved testosterone availability. While follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone levels were not significantly affected, Vitamin D levels were higher in the well-controlled group (P = 0.0002), suggesting a potential role for Vitamin D in ED, although further investigation is needed. Cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, high-density lipoprotein, triglycerides, PSA, thyroid-stimulating hormone, and T4 levels did not show significant differences but might warrant further exploration.
Conclusion:
This study demonstrates an association between poor glycemic control and impaired erectile function in diabetic men. Lower FT levels, elevated SHBG, and increased BMI were observed in the poorly controlled group, potentially contributing to ED. Conversely, good glycemic control correlated with improved erectile function, potentially due to higher FT availability and Vitamin D levels. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-253f62d27b4243c49494226166e01674 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 0974-7796 0974-7834 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Urology Annals |
| spelling | doaj-art-253f62d27b4243c49494226166e016742025-02-06T07:30:03ZengWolters Kluwer Medknow PublicationsUrology Annals0974-77960974-78342025-01-01171525710.4103/ua.ua_40_24Impact of noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (level of control) on sex hormone profile and erectile functionAbdullah A. KhawajiHossam S. El-TholothMuath A. AlbarakatiBander A. BinjabaanAbdulaziz AlzahraniAbdulmajeed AlthobityAbdulmalik AlmardawiKhaled BedaiwiMussa AlNuamiIntroduction: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a well-established risk factor for erectile dysfunction (ED); the precise impact of glycemic control on male sexual function, including hormonal profiles, remains to be fully elucidated. This study aims to investigate the specific relationship between the degree of glycemic control in T2DM patients and the severity of both hormonal imbalances and ED. Methodology: A comparative study between two arms – relatively controlled and uncontrolled type 2 diabetic men. We considered a relatively controlled diabetes mellitus (DM), patient with glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) of 7.9 mmol/L or less. Laboratory results for type 2 diabetic men presenting with ED were studied after stratifying them into the two groups – relatively controlled DM (HBA1c of 7.9 mmol/L or less) and uncontrolled DM (HBA1c equal to or more than 8 mmol/L). Retrieved data include patient’s demographics, body mass index (BMI), hormonal profile, Complete Blood Count (CBC), lipid profile, prostate-specific antigen (PSA), urate, Vitamin D level, and the severity of ED as assessed by the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF) scores. Statistical analysis was done to compare between the two groups using SPSS version 20. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: This study found a significant association between poor glycemic control (HbA1c ≥8%) and ED in diabetic men (P < 0.0001). Longer diabetes duration correlated with both ED and poor glycemic control, suggesting a potential causal link. Well-controlled diabetics had lower BMI (P = 0.001), higher free testosterone (FT) (P = 0.0002), lower sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) (P = 0.0001), and higher IIEF scores (P < 0.0001) compared to the poorly controlled group, indicating better erectile function and potential benefits of weight management and improved testosterone availability. While follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone levels were not significantly affected, Vitamin D levels were higher in the well-controlled group (P = 0.0002), suggesting a potential role for Vitamin D in ED, although further investigation is needed. Cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, high-density lipoprotein, triglycerides, PSA, thyroid-stimulating hormone, and T4 levels did not show significant differences but might warrant further exploration. Conclusion: This study demonstrates an association between poor glycemic control and impaired erectile function in diabetic men. Lower FT levels, elevated SHBG, and increased BMI were observed in the poorly controlled group, potentially contributing to ED. Conversely, good glycemic control correlated with improved erectile function, potentially due to higher FT availability and Vitamin D levels.https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/ua.ua_40_24diabetes mellituserectile dysfunctionhemoglobin a1chormonal profile |
| spellingShingle | Abdullah A. Khawaji Hossam S. El-Tholoth Muath A. Albarakati Bander A. Binjabaan Abdulaziz Alzahrani Abdulmajeed Althobity Abdulmalik Almardawi Khaled Bedaiwi Mussa AlNuami Impact of noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (level of control) on sex hormone profile and erectile function Urology Annals diabetes mellitus erectile dysfunction hemoglobin a1c hormonal profile |
| title | Impact of noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (level of control) on sex hormone profile and erectile function |
| title_full | Impact of noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (level of control) on sex hormone profile and erectile function |
| title_fullStr | Impact of noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (level of control) on sex hormone profile and erectile function |
| title_full_unstemmed | Impact of noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (level of control) on sex hormone profile and erectile function |
| title_short | Impact of noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (level of control) on sex hormone profile and erectile function |
| title_sort | impact of noninsulin dependent diabetes mellitus level of control on sex hormone profile and erectile function |
| topic | diabetes mellitus erectile dysfunction hemoglobin a1c hormonal profile |
| url | https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/ua.ua_40_24 |
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