Effects of Multiple Treatments of Formic Acid on the Chemical Properties and Structural Features of Bamboo Powder
Under mild conditions, formic acid effectively separates the components of lignocellulose, removing the majority of the hemicellulose and lignin from the cellulose. However, it has not yet been determined if multiple treatments with fresh formic acid may totally remove hemicellulose and lignin. In t...
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MDPI AG
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Molecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/30/2/398 |
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| author | Hui Qiao Yue Liu Yongshun Feng Xin Pan Xiaowei Zhuang Jia Ouyang |
| author_facet | Hui Qiao Yue Liu Yongshun Feng Xin Pan Xiaowei Zhuang Jia Ouyang |
| author_sort | Hui Qiao |
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| description | Under mild conditions, formic acid effectively separates the components of lignocellulose, removing the majority of the hemicellulose and lignin from the cellulose. However, it has not yet been determined if multiple treatments with fresh formic acid may totally remove hemicellulose and lignin. In this study, fresh formic acid was used to repeatedly pretreat the bamboo powder, and the effect of multiple treatments on the physicochemical structure of the bamboo powder was investigated using changes in fractions, enzymatic hydrolysis, hydrophilicity, cellulose crystallinity, and lignin structure. Although the hydrophilicity of the powder rose as the number of treatments increased and the number of β-O-4 links in the lignin decreased, it was found that the bamboo powder still contained 5.4% lignin and 2.5% hemicellulose. The 48 h enzymatic yield increased with the number of treatments, with a 59.3% yield obtained at the fifth cycle. This study can serve as a foundation for further research into the mechanism of the influence of organic solvent pretreatment on lignocellulose structural integrity. |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj-art-25163c9f6b8b40e18f7bfee823ffd60f2025-01-24T13:43:54ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492025-01-0130239810.3390/molecules30020398Effects of Multiple Treatments of Formic Acid on the Chemical Properties and Structural Features of Bamboo PowderHui Qiao0Yue Liu1Yongshun Feng2Xin Pan3Xiaowei Zhuang4Jia Ouyang5Zhejiang Academy of Forestry, Liuhe Road 399, Hangzhou 310023, ChinaCollege of Environmental Science and Engineering, Liaoning Technical University, Zhonghua Road 47, Fuxin 125105, ChinaZhejiang Academy of Forestry, Liuhe Road 399, Hangzhou 310023, ChinaZhejiang Academy of Forestry, Liuhe Road 399, Hangzhou 310023, ChinaZhejiang Academy of Forestry, Liuhe Road 399, Hangzhou 310023, ChinaJiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Longpan Road 159, Nanjing 210037, ChinaUnder mild conditions, formic acid effectively separates the components of lignocellulose, removing the majority of the hemicellulose and lignin from the cellulose. However, it has not yet been determined if multiple treatments with fresh formic acid may totally remove hemicellulose and lignin. In this study, fresh formic acid was used to repeatedly pretreat the bamboo powder, and the effect of multiple treatments on the physicochemical structure of the bamboo powder was investigated using changes in fractions, enzymatic hydrolysis, hydrophilicity, cellulose crystallinity, and lignin structure. Although the hydrophilicity of the powder rose as the number of treatments increased and the number of β-O-4 links in the lignin decreased, it was found that the bamboo powder still contained 5.4% lignin and 2.5% hemicellulose. The 48 h enzymatic yield increased with the number of treatments, with a 59.3% yield obtained at the fifth cycle. This study can serve as a foundation for further research into the mechanism of the influence of organic solvent pretreatment on lignocellulose structural integrity.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/30/2/398formic acid pretreatmentbamboo powderphysicochemical structureenzymatic hydrolysis |
| spellingShingle | Hui Qiao Yue Liu Yongshun Feng Xin Pan Xiaowei Zhuang Jia Ouyang Effects of Multiple Treatments of Formic Acid on the Chemical Properties and Structural Features of Bamboo Powder Molecules formic acid pretreatment bamboo powder physicochemical structure enzymatic hydrolysis |
| title | Effects of Multiple Treatments of Formic Acid on the Chemical Properties and Structural Features of Bamboo Powder |
| title_full | Effects of Multiple Treatments of Formic Acid on the Chemical Properties and Structural Features of Bamboo Powder |
| title_fullStr | Effects of Multiple Treatments of Formic Acid on the Chemical Properties and Structural Features of Bamboo Powder |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects of Multiple Treatments of Formic Acid on the Chemical Properties and Structural Features of Bamboo Powder |
| title_short | Effects of Multiple Treatments of Formic Acid on the Chemical Properties and Structural Features of Bamboo Powder |
| title_sort | effects of multiple treatments of formic acid on the chemical properties and structural features of bamboo powder |
| topic | formic acid pretreatment bamboo powder physicochemical structure enzymatic hydrolysis |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/30/2/398 |
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