Neurotropic Tick-Borne Flavivirus in Alpine Chamois (<i>Rupicapra rupicapra rupicapra</i>), Austria, 2017, Italy, 2023
The European subtype of tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV-Eur; species <i>Orthoflavivirus encephalitidis</i>, family <i>Flaviviridae</i>) was the only tick-borne flavivirus present in central Europe known to cause neurologic disease in humans and several animal species. Her...
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| author | Norbert Nowotny Maria Lucia Mandola Isabella Monne Zoltán Bagó Chiara Nogarol Alice Fusaro Katharina Dimmel Barbara Moroni Lisa Guardone Jolanta Kolodziejek Elisa Palumbo Gabriela Stanclova Adi Steinrigl Gabriele Fidler Cristina Bertasio Irene Bertoletti Alessandro Bianchi Mattia Calzolari Paola Prati Nadia Vicari Angela Salomoni Maria Francesca Priore Federica Gobbo Aitor Garcia-Vozmediano Tom Loney Ahmad Abou Tayoun Alawi Alsheikh-Ali Paola De Benedictis Jeremy V. Camp Zdenek Hubalek Ivo Rudolf Davide Lelli Ana Moreno |
| author_facet | Norbert Nowotny Maria Lucia Mandola Isabella Monne Zoltán Bagó Chiara Nogarol Alice Fusaro Katharina Dimmel Barbara Moroni Lisa Guardone Jolanta Kolodziejek Elisa Palumbo Gabriela Stanclova Adi Steinrigl Gabriele Fidler Cristina Bertasio Irene Bertoletti Alessandro Bianchi Mattia Calzolari Paola Prati Nadia Vicari Angela Salomoni Maria Francesca Priore Federica Gobbo Aitor Garcia-Vozmediano Tom Loney Ahmad Abou Tayoun Alawi Alsheikh-Ali Paola De Benedictis Jeremy V. Camp Zdenek Hubalek Ivo Rudolf Davide Lelli Ana Moreno |
| author_sort | Norbert Nowotny |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The European subtype of tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV-Eur; species <i>Orthoflavivirus encephalitidis</i>, family <i>Flaviviridae</i>) was the only tick-borne flavivirus present in central Europe known to cause neurologic disease in humans and several animal species. Here, we report a tick-borne flavivirus isolated from Alpine chamois (<i>Rupicapra rupicapra rupicapra</i>) with encephalitis and attached ticks, present over a wide area in the Alps. Cases were detected in 2017 in Salzburg, Austria, and 2023 in Lombardy and Piedmont, Italy. The virus strains exhibit 94.8–97.3% nucleotide identities to each other and are more closely related to Louping ill viruses (LIV; <i>Orthoflavivirus loupingi</i>; 90–92% identities) than to TBEV-Eur (less than 88%). The chamois-derived virus strains, tentatively termed “Alpine chamois encephalitis virus”, form a well-supported independent genetic clade with Spanish goat encephalitis virus, clearly separated from other LIV. This supports its designation as a new virus subtype with the proposed shared taxonomic name “Spanish goat and Alpine chamois encephalitis virus subtype” within the species <i>Orthoflavivirus loupingi</i>. The zoonotic potential of this newly identified virus subtype as well as its host range in other animal species including farm animals needs to be further investigated. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-251396930b5b46f0bfbaa1f9bb6f186b |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1999-4915 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
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| spelling | doaj-art-251396930b5b46f0bfbaa1f9bb6f186b2025-01-24T13:52:40ZengMDPI AGViruses1999-49152025-01-0117112210.3390/v17010122Neurotropic Tick-Borne Flavivirus in Alpine Chamois (<i>Rupicapra rupicapra rupicapra</i>), Austria, 2017, Italy, 2023Norbert Nowotny0Maria Lucia Mandola1Isabella Monne2Zoltán Bagó3Chiara Nogarol4Alice Fusaro5Katharina Dimmel6Barbara Moroni7Lisa Guardone8Jolanta Kolodziejek9Elisa Palumbo10Gabriela Stanclova11Adi Steinrigl12Gabriele Fidler13Cristina Bertasio14Irene Bertoletti15Alessandro Bianchi16Mattia Calzolari17Paola Prati18Nadia Vicari19Angela Salomoni20Maria Francesca Priore21Federica Gobbo22Aitor Garcia-Vozmediano23Tom Loney24Ahmad Abou Tayoun25Alawi Alsheikh-Ali26Paola De Benedictis27Jeremy V. Camp28Zdenek Hubalek29Ivo Rudolf30Davide Lelli31Ana Moreno32Center of Pathobiology, Department of Biological Sciences and Pathobiology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, 1210 Vienna, AustriaIstituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d’Aosta (IZSPLV), 10154 Torino, ItalyIstituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie (IZSVe), 35020 Legnaro, ItalyInstitute for Veterinary Disease Control Mödling, Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety Ltd. (AGES), 2340 Mödling, AustriaIstituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d’Aosta (IZSPLV), 10154 Torino, ItalyIstituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie (IZSVe), 35020 Legnaro, ItalyCenter of Pathobiology, Department of Biological Sciences and Pathobiology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, 1210 Vienna, AustriaIstituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d’Aosta (IZSPLV), 10154 Torino, ItalyIstituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d’Aosta (IZSPLV), 10154 Torino, ItalyCenter of Pathobiology, Department of Biological Sciences and Pathobiology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, 1210 Vienna, AustriaIstituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie (IZSVe), 35020 Legnaro, ItalyInstitute for Veterinary Disease Control Mödling, Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety Ltd. (AGES), 2340 Mödling, AustriaInstitute for Veterinary Disease Control Mödling, Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety Ltd. (AGES), 2340 Mödling, AustriaVeterinary Practice, Reitsam, 5450 Werfen, AustriaIstituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell’Emilia Romagna (IZSLER), 25124 Brescia, ItalyIstituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell’Emilia Romagna (IZSLER), 25124 Brescia, ItalyIstituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell’Emilia Romagna (IZSLER), 25124 Brescia, ItalyIstituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell’Emilia Romagna (IZSLER), 25124 Brescia, ItalyIstituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell’Emilia Romagna (IZSLER), 25124 Brescia, ItalyIstituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell’Emilia Romagna (IZSLER), 25124 Brescia, ItalyIstituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie (IZSVe), 35020 Legnaro, ItalyIstituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie (IZSVe), 35020 Legnaro, ItalyIstituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie (IZSVe), 35020 Legnaro, ItalyIstituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d’Aosta (IZSPLV), 10154 Torino, ItalyCollege of Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai Health, Dubai P.O. Box 505055, United Arab EmiratesCollege of Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai Health, Dubai P.O. Box 505055, United Arab EmiratesCollege of Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai Health, Dubai P.O. Box 505055, United Arab EmiratesIstituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie (IZSVe), 35020 Legnaro, ItalyCenter for Virology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, AustriaInstitute of Vertebrate Biology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 60365 Brno, Czech RepublicInstitute of Vertebrate Biology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 60365 Brno, Czech RepublicIstituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell’Emilia Romagna (IZSLER), 25124 Brescia, ItalyIstituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell’Emilia Romagna (IZSLER), 25124 Brescia, ItalyThe European subtype of tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV-Eur; species <i>Orthoflavivirus encephalitidis</i>, family <i>Flaviviridae</i>) was the only tick-borne flavivirus present in central Europe known to cause neurologic disease in humans and several animal species. Here, we report a tick-borne flavivirus isolated from Alpine chamois (<i>Rupicapra rupicapra rupicapra</i>) with encephalitis and attached ticks, present over a wide area in the Alps. Cases were detected in 2017 in Salzburg, Austria, and 2023 in Lombardy and Piedmont, Italy. The virus strains exhibit 94.8–97.3% nucleotide identities to each other and are more closely related to Louping ill viruses (LIV; <i>Orthoflavivirus loupingi</i>; 90–92% identities) than to TBEV-Eur (less than 88%). The chamois-derived virus strains, tentatively termed “Alpine chamois encephalitis virus”, form a well-supported independent genetic clade with Spanish goat encephalitis virus, clearly separated from other LIV. This supports its designation as a new virus subtype with the proposed shared taxonomic name “Spanish goat and Alpine chamois encephalitis virus subtype” within the species <i>Orthoflavivirus loupingi</i>. The zoonotic potential of this newly identified virus subtype as well as its host range in other animal species including farm animals needs to be further investigated.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/17/1/122Alpine chamois<i>Rupicapra rupicapra</i><i>Ixodes ricinus</i>flavivirus<i>Flaviviridae</i>tick-borne encephalitis virus |
| spellingShingle | Norbert Nowotny Maria Lucia Mandola Isabella Monne Zoltán Bagó Chiara Nogarol Alice Fusaro Katharina Dimmel Barbara Moroni Lisa Guardone Jolanta Kolodziejek Elisa Palumbo Gabriela Stanclova Adi Steinrigl Gabriele Fidler Cristina Bertasio Irene Bertoletti Alessandro Bianchi Mattia Calzolari Paola Prati Nadia Vicari Angela Salomoni Maria Francesca Priore Federica Gobbo Aitor Garcia-Vozmediano Tom Loney Ahmad Abou Tayoun Alawi Alsheikh-Ali Paola De Benedictis Jeremy V. Camp Zdenek Hubalek Ivo Rudolf Davide Lelli Ana Moreno Neurotropic Tick-Borne Flavivirus in Alpine Chamois (<i>Rupicapra rupicapra rupicapra</i>), Austria, 2017, Italy, 2023 Viruses Alpine chamois <i>Rupicapra rupicapra</i> <i>Ixodes ricinus</i> flavivirus <i>Flaviviridae</i> tick-borne encephalitis virus |
| title | Neurotropic Tick-Borne Flavivirus in Alpine Chamois (<i>Rupicapra rupicapra rupicapra</i>), Austria, 2017, Italy, 2023 |
| title_full | Neurotropic Tick-Borne Flavivirus in Alpine Chamois (<i>Rupicapra rupicapra rupicapra</i>), Austria, 2017, Italy, 2023 |
| title_fullStr | Neurotropic Tick-Borne Flavivirus in Alpine Chamois (<i>Rupicapra rupicapra rupicapra</i>), Austria, 2017, Italy, 2023 |
| title_full_unstemmed | Neurotropic Tick-Borne Flavivirus in Alpine Chamois (<i>Rupicapra rupicapra rupicapra</i>), Austria, 2017, Italy, 2023 |
| title_short | Neurotropic Tick-Borne Flavivirus in Alpine Chamois (<i>Rupicapra rupicapra rupicapra</i>), Austria, 2017, Italy, 2023 |
| title_sort | neurotropic tick borne flavivirus in alpine chamois i rupicapra rupicapra rupicapra i austria 2017 italy 2023 |
| topic | Alpine chamois <i>Rupicapra rupicapra</i> <i>Ixodes ricinus</i> flavivirus <i>Flaviviridae</i> tick-borne encephalitis virus |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/17/1/122 |
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