Jurymen Seldom Rule Against a Person That They Like: The Relationship Between Emotions Towards a Defendant, the Understanding of Case Facts, and Juror Judgments in Civil Trials

Legal actors often discuss emotion-based decisions and reasoned evaluation of the facts as distinct and opposite methods through which jurors can reach conclusions. However, research suggests that emotion can have an indirect effect on juror decisions by changing the way that jurors evaluate the fac...

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Main Authors: Hannah J. Phalen, Taylor C. Bettis, Samantha R. Bean, Jessica M. Salerno
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-07-01
Series:Behavioral Sciences
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2076-328X/15/7/965
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author Hannah J. Phalen
Taylor C. Bettis
Samantha R. Bean
Jessica M. Salerno
author_facet Hannah J. Phalen
Taylor C. Bettis
Samantha R. Bean
Jessica M. Salerno
author_sort Hannah J. Phalen
collection DOAJ
description Legal actors often discuss emotion-based decisions and reasoned evaluation of the facts as distinct and opposite methods through which jurors can reach conclusions. However, research suggests that emotion can have an indirect effect on juror decisions by changing the way that jurors evaluate the facts of the case. In three studies (<i>N</i> = 713, <i>N</i> = 677, <i>N</i> = 651), we tested whether mock jurors’ negative moral emotions towards the defendant predicted their evaluations of <i>unrelated</i> case evidence and in turn their case judgments and whether judicial rehabilitation could reduce this effect. Participants read a civil case and were randomly assigned to either receive judicial rehabilitation or not. Then, they completed measures relating to their negative moral emotions towards the defendant, their agreement with plaintiff and defense evidence, and case judgments. When participants reported increased negative emotions towards the defendant, they agreed more with unrelated plaintiff evidence and less with unrelated defense evidence. In turn, they voted liable more often and awarded more in damages. Judicial rehabilitation did not reduce this effect. This research provides support for the idea that there is a more complicated relationship between emotion and decisions than legal actors suggest. Specifically, negative emotions towards the defendant are associated with a pro-plaintiff evaluation of evidence and pro-plaintiff judgments.
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spelling doaj-art-21170a7e6fa343c6bf4d3c7dcee2fd4e2025-08-20T03:13:43ZengMDPI AGBehavioral Sciences2076-328X2025-07-0115796510.3390/bs15070965Jurymen Seldom Rule Against a Person That They Like: The Relationship Between Emotions Towards a Defendant, the Understanding of Case Facts, and Juror Judgments in Civil TrialsHannah J. Phalen0Taylor C. Bettis1Samantha R. Bean2Jessica M. Salerno3Department of Psychology, University of Wyoming, 1000 E University Ave, Laramie, WY 82071, USADepartment of Psychology, University of Kentucky, 503 Library Dr, Lexington, KY 40508, USASchool of Interdisciplinary Forensics, Arizona State University, 4701 W Thunderbird Rd, Glendale, AZ 85306, USASchool of Interdisciplinary Forensics, Arizona State University, 4701 W Thunderbird Rd, Glendale, AZ 85306, USALegal actors often discuss emotion-based decisions and reasoned evaluation of the facts as distinct and opposite methods through which jurors can reach conclusions. However, research suggests that emotion can have an indirect effect on juror decisions by changing the way that jurors evaluate the facts of the case. In three studies (<i>N</i> = 713, <i>N</i> = 677, <i>N</i> = 651), we tested whether mock jurors’ negative moral emotions towards the defendant predicted their evaluations of <i>unrelated</i> case evidence and in turn their case judgments and whether judicial rehabilitation could reduce this effect. Participants read a civil case and were randomly assigned to either receive judicial rehabilitation or not. Then, they completed measures relating to their negative moral emotions towards the defendant, their agreement with plaintiff and defense evidence, and case judgments. When participants reported increased negative emotions towards the defendant, they agreed more with unrelated plaintiff evidence and less with unrelated defense evidence. In turn, they voted liable more often and awarded more in damages. Judicial rehabilitation did not reduce this effect. This research provides support for the idea that there is a more complicated relationship between emotion and decisions than legal actors suggest. Specifically, negative emotions towards the defendant are associated with a pro-plaintiff evaluation of evidence and pro-plaintiff judgments.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-328X/15/7/965emotionjuror decision-makingcivil jurycoherence-based reasoningsocial cognition
spellingShingle Hannah J. Phalen
Taylor C. Bettis
Samantha R. Bean
Jessica M. Salerno
Jurymen Seldom Rule Against a Person That They Like: The Relationship Between Emotions Towards a Defendant, the Understanding of Case Facts, and Juror Judgments in Civil Trials
Behavioral Sciences
emotion
juror decision-making
civil jury
coherence-based reasoning
social cognition
title Jurymen Seldom Rule Against a Person That They Like: The Relationship Between Emotions Towards a Defendant, the Understanding of Case Facts, and Juror Judgments in Civil Trials
title_full Jurymen Seldom Rule Against a Person That They Like: The Relationship Between Emotions Towards a Defendant, the Understanding of Case Facts, and Juror Judgments in Civil Trials
title_fullStr Jurymen Seldom Rule Against a Person That They Like: The Relationship Between Emotions Towards a Defendant, the Understanding of Case Facts, and Juror Judgments in Civil Trials
title_full_unstemmed Jurymen Seldom Rule Against a Person That They Like: The Relationship Between Emotions Towards a Defendant, the Understanding of Case Facts, and Juror Judgments in Civil Trials
title_short Jurymen Seldom Rule Against a Person That They Like: The Relationship Between Emotions Towards a Defendant, the Understanding of Case Facts, and Juror Judgments in Civil Trials
title_sort jurymen seldom rule against a person that they like the relationship between emotions towards a defendant the understanding of case facts and juror judgments in civil trials
topic emotion
juror decision-making
civil jury
coherence-based reasoning
social cognition
url https://www.mdpi.com/2076-328X/15/7/965
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